Siti Madanijah

Nutritional Status of Lactating Women In Bogor District, Indonesia: Cross-Sectional Dietary Intake In Three Economic Quintiles And Comparison With Pre-Pregnant Women

The way in which women accommodate for their increased nutritional needs during the lactation period is poorly investigated. In a cross-sectional study involving 220 lactating women (LW), equally distributed in economic quintiles (Q2, Q3, Q4), we investigated whether habitual dietary intake of LW differed from that of 200 pre-pregnant women (PPW) studied using the same methodology. Differences in dietary intake and nutrition sufficiency according to economic status were also investigated. Dietary intake data were collected using 2×24-h dietary recalls and FFQ. Energy, protein, Fe, Ca, Zn and vitamins A and C intakes were calculated utilising local food composition tables and were compared against Indonesian recommendations for adequacy. Energy and protein intakes 25 % of LW. For Q2-LW, this proportion was >50 %, except for protein. LW across all studied economic quintiles approximately doubled their vegetable intake, and 71 % of LW indicated a belief that this enhances lactation performance. Biochemical status parameters were analysed in a subset of forty-five women. Anaemia as well as Fe, Zn and Se deficiencies were prevalent among LW, supporting the nutrient intake deficiency data. Despite increasing intakes in LW compared with PPW, habitual diets in the study area do not provide for daily nutrient requirements in substantial proportions for both LW and PPW across all investigated economic groups.

Nutritional status of pre-pregnant and pregnant women residing in Bogor district, Indonesia: a cross-sectional dietary and nutrient intake study.

The diet of Indonesian women of childbearing age is relatively poor, posing increased risk for suboptimal pregnancy outcome. In a cross-sectional study including 403 women in three economic quintiles (Q), we investigated differences in dietary intake and nutrition sufficiency according to economic status and whether regular dietary intakes of pregnant women (PW, n 203) differ from that of pre-pregnant women (PPW, n 200). Dietary intake data were collected using 2×24 h dietary recall and FFQ. Energy, protein, Fe, Ca, Zn, vitamin A and vitamin C intakes were calculated utilising Food Composition Tables and compared with Indonesian recommendations for adequacy. Energy and protein intakes <70 % and Fe, Ca, Zn, vitamin A and vitamin C intakes <77 % of the local recommendation were considered insufficient. A higher intake of milk/dairy products (Q3, Q4), fruits and vegetables (Q2) and snacks (Q3) in PW was observed compared with PPW, but insufficient to meet nutrient requirements. Nutrient intake calculations showed insufficiency in 26 % of PPW for protein and up to 70 % for Fe. Deficient nutrient intakes in PW were found in 49 % of the subjects for energy and up to 85 % for Fe. Energy and protein intakes decreased with decreasing economic quintiles in PPW and PW. Ca and vitamin A intakes were lower in Q2 compared with Q4. The proportion of animal protein in Q2-PW was low (31 %). Biochemical status parameters in a subset showed that anaemia and Fe and Zn deficiencies were prevalent among PPW and PW. Habitual diets in the study area did not meet the nutrient requirements for both PPW and PW across the investigated economic groups.

TINGKAT KECUKUPAN DAN BIOAVAILABILITAS ASUPAN ZAT BESI PADA IBU HAMIL DI KOTA TANGERANG

Anemia merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang masih umum dijumpai. Sebagian besar anemia pada ibu hamil disebabkan oleh defisiensi zat besi. Penelitian ini secara umum bertujuan menganalisis kecukupan dan bioavailabilitas asupan zat besi pada ibu hamil di Kota Tangerang. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Wawancara mengenai konsumsi pangan dilakukan kepada 91 orang ibu hamil pada bulan Februari sampai Juni 2015 menggunakan food frequency questionnaire semi-kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 97,8% ibu hamil memiliki tingkat kecukupan zat besi yang berada dalam kategori kurang. Seluruh ibu hamil memiliki bioavailabilitas besi dalam kategori rendah. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara frekuensi konsumsi nasi (p=0,000), kacang-kacangan (p=0,000), dan lauk hewani (p=0,028) dengan tingkat kecukupan zat besi ibu hamil. Frekuensi konsumsi lauk hewani (p=0,006), sayuran dan buah-buahan (p=0,004) secara signifikan berhubungan positif dengan bioavailabilitas besi ibu hamil, frekuensi konsumsi nasi (p=0,000) dan kacang-kacangan (p=0,000) secara signifikan berhubungan negatif dengan bioavailabilitas besi. Penelitian ini menunjukkan pentingnya pendidikan gizi tentang konsumsi gizi seimbang selama kehamilan dan perlunya suplementasi besi sebagai bagian dari program pencegahan anemia defisiensi besi pada ibu hamil.

Gaya Hidup, Konsumsi Pangan, dan Hubungannya dengan Tekanan Darah pada Lansia Anggota Posbindu.

The objective of this study was to assess the micronutrient and nutritional status among female adolescents having low birth weight history and normal birth weight history. Research design for this particular research was nested cohort in community level. Subjects was chosen by simple randomization, based on data collected by Frontiers for Health Foundation and Padjajaran University, Bandung. The measurement of micronutrients status (Hb, retinol plasma, and urinary iodine excretion), anthropometric, history of disease, semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire was collected to make comparison between female young adolescent with low birth weight and normal birth weight history. The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA), vitamin A deficiency (VAD), and iodine deficiency among all subjects were 9.9%, 12.9%, and 40.7%, respectively. The mean concentration of blood hemoglobin, plasma retinol and iodine excretion were not significantly different between low birth weight (LBW) and normal birth weight (NBW) group. Nutritional status, disease during the last three months, current nutritional status, food intake and onset of menstruation were not significantly different between group. In conclusion, micronutrient status, nutritional status, food intake and morbidity status in female adolescents with LBW and NBW history were not different.

KONSUMSI BUAH DAN SAYUR ANAK USIA SEKOLAH DASAR DI BOGOR

ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the determinant factors that influence the breakfast habits in children in public primary schools in Pondok Labu, South Jakarta. The cross-sectional study was applied. The subject was selected in random sampling. Subjects were 300 students in grade 3,4, and 5 in SDN 03, 04, 09, and 10 Pondok Labu, South Jakarta. The analysis performed using chi-square analysis and multivariate logistic regression. The results showed that the breakfast habits of primary school children by 71.7% with a median energy of 246 kcal. The results showed a significant correlation between breakfast habits of the sexes, the availability of breakfast and breakfast nutrition knowledge (p<0.05). The school children breakfast was significantly affected by nutritional knowledge (p<0.05). Keywords: breakfast, children, knowledge ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis faktor-faktor dominan yang memengaruhi kebiasaan sarapan pada anak-anak sekolah dasar negeri di Pondok Labu, Jakarta Selatan. Desain penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan penarikan subjek secara random sampling. Subjek berjumlah 300 siswa kelas 3, 4, dan 5 di SDN 03, 04, 09, dan 10 Pondok Labu, Jakarta Selatan. Analisis yang digunakan adalah chi-square dan multivariat regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kebiasaan sarapan pada anak sekolah dasar sebesar 71,7% dengan median energi sarapan sebesar 246 kkal. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis kelamin, ketersediaan sarapan, dan pengetahuan gizi dengan kebiasaan sarapan (p<0,05). Kebiasaan sarapan pada anak sekolah dasar sangat dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan gizi. Kata kunci: anak sekolah, pengetahuan, sarapan