Sonia Aurora Alves Grossi

Escala de Esperança de Herth: instrumento adaptado e validado para a língua portuguesa

This study was aimed at making available the Herth Hope Index adapted and validated into Portuguese in a study carried out with chronic disease patients. The scale is based on the original American instrument, and made possible the existence of an instrument to measure hope, something that did not exist previously in Brazil. For the cultural adaptation and validation were followed the methods that the literature recommends. The sample was comprised of 131 patients divided into 3 groups, of which 47 were oncology patients, 40 2-type diabetes patients, and 44 caretakers of these patients. The instrument consists of 12 statements with Likert-type answers with scores from 1 to 4 each; the higher the score, the higher the hope. The adapted Herth Hope Index has demonstrated suitable psychometric properties and for that reason is available for use.This study was aimed at making available the Herth Hope Index adapted and validated into Portuguese in a study carried out with chronic disease patients. The scale is based on the original American instrument, and made possible the existence of an instrument to measure hope, something that did not exist previously in Brazil. For the cultural adaptation and validation were followed the methods that the literature recommends. The sample was comprised of 131 patients divided into 3 groups, of which 47 were oncology patients, 40 2-type diabetes patients, and 44 caretakers of these patients. The instrument consists of 12 statements with Likert-type answers with scores from 1 to 4 each; the higher the score, the higher the hope. The adapted Herth Hope Index has demonstrated suitable psychometric properties and for that reason is available for use.

Therapeutic intervention scoring system-28 (TISS-28): diretrizes para aplicação

Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System-28 (TISS-28) is a tool that enables the measurement of the nursing work load in Intensive Care Units and the estimate of how grave the disease is. In this study are presented the operational definitions for its application, proposed by a group of specialists in the area, with the aim of rendering uniform the meaning of each of the items and preventing interpretation biases.

Prevenção de úlceras nos membros inferiores em pacientes com diabetes mellitus

Este artigo de atualizacao discute os riscos para o desenvolvimento de ulceras em membros inferiores a que os pacientes com diabetes mellitus estao expostos, ao longo da vida. A patogenese das ulceras diabeticas e enfocada com o objetivo de dar subsidios ao enfermeiro para avaliar a capacidade de manutencao da integridade cutânea e adequar as medidas preventivas necessarias.

Avaliação da esperança em pacientes com doença crônica e em familiares ou cuidadores

Objectives: To evaluate the level of hope among the three different groups and correlate their levels with demographic and clinical variables. Methods: Descriptive study with a sample of 131 individuals (including 47 cancer patients, 40 diabetic patients and 44 caregivers/ family / caregivers) responding to Hertha’s Scale of Hope, Rosenberg’s Self-esteem Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, and an instrument including personal data. Results: There was no difference in hope scores between groups. Hope was positively correlated with self-esteem and negatively correlated with depression. For cancer patients, the hope score was not related to any clinical variable. For diabetic patients, different forms of treatment and other comorbidities were not found to influence hope. Conclusion: Patients with chronic disease and their families had high hope scores. The measurement of hope can improve nursing care.Objectives: To evaluate the level of hope among the three different groups and correlate their levels with demographic and clinical variables. Methods: Descriptive study with a sample of 131 individuals (including 47 cancer patients, 40 diabetic patients and 44 caregivers/ family / caregivers) responding to Hertha’s Scale of Hope, Rosenberg’s Self-esteem Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, and an instrument including personal data. Results: There was no difference in hope scores between groups. Hope was positively correlated with self-esteem and negatively correlated with depression. For cancer patients, the hope score was not related to any clinical variable. For diabetic patients, different forms of treatment and other comorbidities were not found to influence hope. Conclusion: Patients with chronic disease and their families had high hope scores. The measurement of hope can improve nursing care.

Avaliação de dois esquemas de monitorização domiciliar em pacientes com diabetes mellitus do tipo 1

The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of two monitoring schemes(blood and urine) in the metabolic control of type 1 diabetic patients, in biweekly therapeutic adjustments, along 6 months of participation in the educational groups. A sample of 34 patients was divided in two groups. The interventions proposed to group A were daily blood glucose monitoring, during three consecutive days for each period (before breakfast, before lunch, before dinner and before bed) and biweekly in the dawn. For the other group B was proposed daily urine glucose monitoring, during three consecutive days for each period (before breakfast, before lunch, before dinner and before bed). These schemes were used to construct glycemic profile and to determine the therapeutic adjustments. The results evidenced that there was no significant statistical difference in the metabolic control after proposed intervention in each group. In spite of this, the monitoring facilitated the educational process and the considerations about the use of more intensive monitoring schemes.O estudo teve por objetivo avaliar a efetividade de esquemas de monitorizacao domiciliar sanguineo e urinario, na obtencao de adequado controle glicemico, em pacientes com diabetes mellitus do tipo 1, em regime quinzenal de ajuste terapeutico; durante 6 meses de participacao em grupos educativos. A amostra foi de 34 pacientes divididos em dois grupos. Os pacientes do grupo A realizaram monitorizacao domiciliar da glicemia capilar 1 vez ao dia e os do grupo B realizaram monitorizacao domiciliar da glicosuria 1 vez ao dia, conforme esquemas preconizados. Estes esquemas possibilitaram construcao de perfis e de ajustes terapeuticos. Os resultados mostraram que o uso sistematico dos testes domiciliares sanguineos e urinarios da forma prescrita, nao proporcionou melhora significante no controle metabolico em nenhum dos dois grupos. Entretanto, favoreceu o processo educativo e possibilitou reflexoes sobre a necessidade de intensificacao da monitorizacao glicemica.

Assessment of hope in patients with chronic illness and their family or caregivers

Objectives: To evaluate the level of hope among the three different groups and correlate their levels with demographic and clinical variables. Methods: Descriptive study with a sample of 131 individuals (including 47 cancer patients, 40 diabetic patients and 44 caregivers/ family / caregivers) responding to Hertha’s Scale of Hope, Rosenberg’s Self-esteem Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, and an instrument including personal data. Results: There was no difference in hope scores between groups. Hope was positively correlated with self-esteem and negatively correlated with depression. For cancer patients, the hope score was not related to any clinical variable. For diabetic patients, different forms of treatment and other comorbidities were not found to influence hope. Conclusion: Patients with chronic disease and their families had high hope scores. The measurement of hope can improve nursing care.Objectives: To evaluate the level of hope among the three different groups and correlate their levels with demographic and clinical variables. Methods: Descriptive study with a sample of 131 individuals (including 47 cancer patients, 40 diabetic patients and 44 caregivers/ family / caregivers) responding to Hertha’s Scale of Hope, Rosenberg’s Self-esteem Scale, the Beck Depression Inventory, and an instrument including personal data. Results: There was no difference in hope scores between groups. Hope was positively correlated with self-esteem and negatively correlated with depression. For cancer patients, the hope score was not related to any clinical variable. For diabetic patients, different forms of treatment and other comorbidities were not found to influence hope. Conclusion: Patients with chronic disease and their families had high hope scores. The measurement of hope can improve nursing care.

Home blood glucose monitoring in type 1 diabetes mellitus

OBJETIVO: Identificar cual de los dos esquemas de monitorizacion propuestos posibilita realizar un mejor control metabolico, en diabeticos del tipo1, durante los 12 meses de participacion en grupos educativos. METODO: Ensayo clinico cruzado con 21 pacientes divididos en dos grupos y sometidos a dos diferentes esquemas de monitorizacion. La efectividad de los esquemas fue evaluada por medio de la HbA1c. La variacion de los promedios de HbA1c fue analizada con la prueba de Friedman. RESULTADOS: Durante todo el estudio la variacion de los promedios de HbA1c, para el grupo A, fue de 8,48(±1,00) la 7,37(±0,99) y de 9,89(±0,86) la 8,34(±1,06) para el grupo B. Los analisis de la variacion de la HbA1c colocaron en evidencia una reduccion significativa (p<0,05) en los dos grupos, en los 3 periodos evaluados: primeros y ultimos 6 meses y durante los 12 meses de estudio. CONCLUSIONES: Los dos esquemas mejoraron el control metabolico y el esquema antes de las comidas fue mas efectivo.OBJECTIVE To determine which of two simplified blood glucose monitoring schemes promotes better metabolic control in type 1 diabetic patients during 12 months of participation in educational groups. METHODS A crossover clinical trial involving 21 patients divided into two groups was conducted. They were submitted to a two monitoring schemes: 2 alternate daily preprandial measurements and 2 alternate daily pre-and postprandial measurements. The effectiveness of the schemes was evaluated based on HbA1c. Variations in mean HbA1c were analyzed by Friedman test. RESULTS The groups were homogenous in terms of sociodemographic and clinical variables (p>0.05). Mean HbA1c levels ranged from 8.48 (+/-1.00) to 7.37 (+/-0.99) over time in Group A and from 9.89 (+/-0.86) to 8.34 (+/-1.06) in Group B. The analysis of the HbA1c showed a significant reduction in the first and last 6 months and over the 12 months of the study in two groups (p<0.05). The preprandial scheme demonstrated the largest number and highest percentage of significant drops in HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS The two monitoring improved the metabolic control and the preprandial scheme was more effective.

Reutilização de seringas descartáveis no domicílio de crianças e adolescentes com diabetes mellitus

El fornecimiento inadecuado o insuficiente de medicaciones y materiales para aplicar insulina lleva a las familias a adoptar varias estrategias como la practica de reutilizacion de jeringuillas intentando minimizar los costos con la enfermedad. Objetivos: evaluar la practica del preparo y de la aplicacion de insulina y evidenciar alteraciones frecuentes en esos locales. Este estudio fue comparativo, transversal con 199 ninos y adolescentes diabeticos de Consulta Externa del Instituto del Nino del Hospital de las Clinicas de Sao Paulo. El grupo fue dividido en: Grupo A que reutiliza jeringuillas desechables y Grupo B que no reutiliza. El re encape de la aguja sin limpieza previa, guardan las jeringuillas dentro del refrigerador y fuera del refrigerador, guardan generalmente en recipientes cerrados. Hubo relato de dolor en . El hospital y el enfermero fueron los responsables por la orientacion dada .

Prevenção da hipoxemia durante a aspiração endotraqueal

: This work shows a literature review on the methods of prevention of postsuctioning hypoxemia in critically ill patients under artificial ventilation. Such methods have been proposed and published in the last twenty years. After being organized, these data made it possible to identify the most common methods to prevent postsuctioning hypoxemia. These methods are hyperoxygenation, hyperinflation, hyperoxygenation with hyperinflation and the closed method of tracheal suctioning, which allows for a suction without the interruption of the patients artificial ventilation. A critical analysis of these methods and techniques, emphasizing the conflicting and concordant aspects presented by the several authors studied, made it possible to identify the superiority of the hyperoxygenation with hyperinflation method through the ventilator and the closed method of tracheal suctioning in the prevention of hypoxemia.Este trabalho apresenta uma revisao da literatura sobre os metodos de prevencao de hipoxemia durante a aspiracao endotraqueal, em pacientes criticos com ventilacao artificial, propostos e publicados nos ultimos vinte anos. Estas informacoes, apos organizadas, permitiram identificar que os metodos de prevencao de hipoxemia mais comumente utilizados incluem a hiperoxigenacao, hiperinflacao, hiperoxigenacao com hiperinflacao e o sistema fechado de aspiracao endotraqueal. Uma analise critica destes metodos, incluindo suas formas de implementacao, baseada nos aspectos concordantes e conflitantes da literatura consultada permitiu salientar a superioridade dos metodos de hiperoxigenacao com hiperinflacao atraves do respirador e do sistema fechado de aspiracao endotraqueal atraves do cateter de multiplo uso, na prevencao da hipoxemia.

[Herth Hope Index--instrument adapted and validated to Portuguese].

This study was aimed at making available the Herth Hope Index adapted and validated into Portuguese in a study carried out with chronic disease patients. The scale is based on the original American instrument, and made possible the existence of an instrument to measure hope, something that did not exist previously in Brazil. For the cultural adaptation and validation were followed the methods that the literature recommends. The sample was comprised of 131 patients divided into 3 groups, of which 47 were oncology patients, 40 2-type diabetes patients, and 44 caretakers of these patients. The instrument consists of 12 statements with Likert-type answers with scores from 1 to 4 each; the higher the score, the higher the hope. The adapted Herth Hope Index has demonstrated suitable psychometric properties and for that reason is available for use.This study was aimed at making available the Herth Hope Index adapted and validated into Portuguese in a study carried out with chronic disease patients. The scale is based on the original American instrument, and made possible the existence of an instrument to measure hope, something that did not exist previously in Brazil. For the cultural adaptation and validation were followed the methods that the literature recommends. The sample was comprised of 131 patients divided into 3 groups, of which 47 were oncology patients, 40 2-type diabetes patients, and 44 caretakers of these patients. The instrument consists of 12 statements with Likert-type answers with scores from 1 to 4 each; the higher the score, the higher the hope. The adapted Herth Hope Index has demonstrated suitable psychometric properties and for that reason is available for use.