Stephen Norman

TRANSATLANTIC CAPITAL MARKET PRICE DISCOVERY DURING A FINANCIAL CRISIS

Previous results show relatively small amounts of time variation in the Hasbrouck (1995) information share across international markets. Using data from a security that was cross‐listed on the New York and London Stock Exchanges in the 1860s, we find that the information share changes dramatically during a financial crisis that began in the foreign market.

What is the shape of real exchange rate nonlinearity

Evidence that real exchange rate dynamics can be described using models which exhibit nonlinear mean reversion has been mounting over the past decade. This article attempts to better understand the shape of real exchange rate nonlinearity through the use of the Smooth Transition Autoregressive (STAR) model and the newly proposed skewed generalized error transition function. The advantage of this transition function it that it nests popularly used transition functions through simple parameter constraints. This allows the use of nested model selection tests. It is shown that more flexible transition functions are preferred in many cases over the commonly used exponential transition function. The results suggest that most of the real exchange rates studied in this article are better described by discrete threshold models rather than STAR models.

Deriving the Dividend Discount Model in the Intermediate Microeconomics Class.

In this article, the authors show that the dividend discount model can be derived using the basic intertemporal consumption model that is introduced in a typical intermediate microeconomics course. This result will be of use to instructors who teach microeconomics to finance students in that it demonstrates the value of utility maximization in obtaining one of the first stock valuation models used in basic finance.

Nonlinear integration of London and Amsterdam stock markets in the 1700s

The financial markets in London and Amsterdam were some of the first to develop. Using threshold autoregressive models, we use data on two commonly traded stocks in these cities to show that the joint behaviour of the prices is consistent with the theory of arbitrage in the presence of transportation costs. The results suggest that prices converged more quickly as the price difference between the two markets increased. We also show that the threshold estimates are consistent between assets and across time. These results provide some of the earliest evidence of nonlinear mean reversion in asset prices in geographically separate financial markets.

Determinants of homestead claims and the expansion of Western settlement

This article examines the impact economic variables had on the rate of settlement, measured by original homestead claims, in the Western United States. Our results from the estimated panel regressions indicate that the underlying rationale for the Homestead Act, namely that economic factors were important for settlement, was justified. The two most important economic variables, output prices, measured by real wheat prices, and the cost of capital, measured by real interest rates, were statistically significant in explaining the change in the original homestead claims. Furthermore, contrary to previous studies, railroad mileage was not found to be significant. This study also reveals that the location of a homestead relative to the 100th meridian, the traditional boundary of humid and sub-humid areas, had little effect on the response of homesteaders to economic variables.