Su Chen

Effects of Bacteria on Cadmium Bioaccumulation in the Cadmium Hyperaccumulator Plant Beta Vulgaris Var. Cicla L.

To investigate the effects of two cadmium-tolerant bacteria, Staphylococcus pasteuri (S. pasteuri X1) and Agrobacterium tumefaciens (A. tumefaciens X2), on cadmium uptake by the cadmium hyperaccumulator plant Beta vulgaris var. cicla L., a pot experiment with artificially contaminated soil was conducted. The results demonstrated that both cadmium-tolerant bacteria enhanced the dry weight of Beta vulgaris var. cicla L. The total dry weights of plants in the control CK20, S. pasteuri X1 and A. tumefaciens X2 treatments were 0.85, 1.13, and 1.38 g/pot, respectively. Compared with the control CK20 findings, the total dry weight of plants was increased by 32.8 and 61.1% after inoculation with S. pasteuri X1 and A. tumefaciens X2, respectively, indicating that A. tumefaciens X2 more strongly promoted the growth of Beta vulgaris var. cicla L. than S. pasteuri X1. In addition, inoculation with S. pasteuri X1 and A. tumefaciens X2 significantly (p < 0.05) promoted cadmium uptake by plants and improved the bioaccumulation of cadmium by the plants from the soil. Moreover, the inoculation of S. pasteuri X1 and A. tumefaciens X2 effectively facilitated the transfer of cadmium in the soil from the Fe-Mn oxide and residual fractions to the soluble plus exchangeable and weakly specially adsorbed fractions in the rhizosphere soils of plants. The bacterial enhancement of cadmium phytoavailability might provide a potential and promising method to increase the efficiency of phytoextraction.

Surfactant-enhanced bioremediation of DDTs and PAHs in contaminated farmland soil

ABSTRACT Field-scale bioremediation of dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethanes (DDTs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminated farmland soil from the Shenyang North New Area of China was studied using the bacteria Arthrobacter globiformis. The additive effects of different concentrations of biosurfactant rhamnolipids (RLs) and anionic–nonionic mixed surfactant (SDBS–Tween 80) were evaluated. DDT and PAH removal rates by A. globiformis after 150 days of remediation were 52.1% and 21.9%, respectively. At the optimum RL concentration of 5 mg kg−1, DDTs and PAHs had removal rates of 64.3% and 35.6%, respectively, at 150 days. This was 60.7% and 29.3% higher than the control; 36.9% and 19.8% higher than soil with RL-5 alone; and 12.2% and 13.8% higher than the A. globiformis treatment alone. RL-5 can enhance soil enzyme activity and A. globiformis reproduction during the DDT and PAH biodegradation processes. This study illustrates a highly efficient, low-cost in situ soil bioremediation technology that could have practical utility.

Investigation of the Antibiotics in Animal Manure and Agricultural Soils in Shenyang and Surrounding Cities

In this study, oxytetracycline, chlortetracycline and roxithromycin examples, general family of farmers livestock and poultry breeding point scale livestock and poultry breeding plant in Shenyang, Tieling and Fushun representative soil samples and the application of livestock manure are sampled and analyzed, in order to understand the situation of the antibiotic residues in manure in these regions and application of antibiotic residues in soil containing antibiotics in livestock and poultry manure.

Plant-Microorganism Combined Remediation for Sediments Contaminated with Heavy Metals

In order to investigate the effects of four heavy metal tolerant microorganisms, Staphylococcus pasteuri (X1), Agrobacterium tumefaciens (X2), Penicillium chrysogenum (Z1) and Paecilomyces lavender (Z2), on heavy metals uptake by the heavy metal tolerance plant-maize and the cadmium hyperaccumulator plant-Beta vulgaris var. cicla L., a pot experiment with sediments was conducted. Through comparing the overall situations of four microorganisms’ role in enhancing maize and Beta vulgaris var. cicla L. to gather cadmium, lead, copper and zinc, plant biomasses, and enrichment characteristics, the combination of bacterium X2, fungus Z2 and these two plants can effectively repair these four heavy metals in sediments.

Research of Antibiotics Pollution in Soil Environments and theirs Biological Degradation

With the increase of antibiotics usage, concerns on antibiotics contamination have been raised because of their serious environmental impacts in recent years. Antibiotics have become the emerging contaminants of soil. This paper reviews the pollution situation, the potential harm and the way of biodegradation of antibiotics in order to provide the reference to eliminate antibiotics pollution.

Study on Plant-Microbial Remediation of Antibiotic and Heavy Metal Contaminated Soil

In the recent years, antibiotics and heavy metals have become common pollutants in soil. Plant-microbial remediation is promising for the management of antibiotics and heavy metals pollution in soil. This paper talks about the mechanization of plant-microbial remediation, finds the advantages and disadvantages about plant-microbial technology, summarizes the method of selection of the plant and microbial, influential factors, and discusses the future research priorities of plant-microbial remediation.

Application and Development of Artificial Floating Island Technology

As a rising phytoremediation technology, artificial floating island technology is increasingly used in wastewater purification. In this paper, studies on artificial floating islands at home and abroad were overviewed, including the variety of floating island, construction method of artificial floating island and the water improvement principle of artificial floating island. Artificial floating island technology is a kind of new ecological environment technology with many functions, such as pollutant purification, habitat restoration, ecosystem restoration, and landscape improvement. It has good application prospects in the area of comprehensive water body control.

The Research Progress of Biosyufactants on the Degradation of Antibiotics during the Compost Process

In recent years, the environmental impact of antibiotic pollution from animal manure has gradually become the focus of attention. The compost is a common method for degradation of antibiotics, the rapid degradation of antibiotics can be achieved by adjusting the different compost conditions. Biosurfactants caused all the attention as a new class of surfactants, biosurfactants used in compost will have an impact on the degradation of antibiotics in livestock and poultry manure.

The Review of Ecosystem Evaluation Method Based on Environment Protection

The research of Ecosystem Evaluation Method is the hot spot in the field of environment protection, and the method has a significant analytical meaning to determine ecological environmental health and environment protection. In this paper, we introduce some stuff as follow. Firstly, the concept of ecological system in domestic and foreign related research is summarized. Secondly, on the basis of the ecosystem evaluation thoughts, evaluation methods can be divided into four types, multiple indicators method, the prediction model method, biological evaluation, and comprehensive index evaluation method. Finally, combining with the trend of the development of ecological system, analyses the disadvantages of the present study, puts forward the ecosystem evaluation research focus and developing direction in the future.

Study on Environment Evaluation with the Review of Approaching Degree in Fuzzy Recognition

Nowadays, Environment Evaluation stands a hot spot in research, and a lot of scholars pay attention to this. In the paper, we have summarized to approaching degree by collecting literatures at home and abroad about environment evaluation. First of all, the paper introduces the definition, principle, formulas, procedures, characteristics of this method; secondly, we recommend examples about this method of the present stage in the domestic present situation of the application in different industries; finally, we put forward this methods evaluation and prospect for the future.