Suely Sueko Viski Zanei

Qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores de enfermagem de unidades de terapia intensiva

OBJECTIVES: To assess the quality of life of nursing assistants and licensed practical nurses from nine Intensive Care Units and to determine whether their demographic characteristics influence their quality of life. METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a teaching hospital in Sao Paulo city, Brazil. The sample consisted of 126 nursing assistants or licensed practical nurses. Data were collected from October to November, 2005. Quality of life was measured with the WHOQOL-BREF tool. RESULTS: The average score on each domain of the WHOQOL-BREF were: Social relations (66.3), psychological (60.8), physical (53.1), and environment (49.4). Among the demographics, age was positively correlated with the physical domain of quality of life, and number of jobs was inversely correlated with the physical, psychological, and social relations domains. There was also a weak correlation between age and number of jobs. CONCLUSION: The scores on the domains of quality of life among the sample of this study were low.

Carga de trabalho de enfermagem para quantificar proporção profissional de enfermagem/paciente em UTI cardiológica

This is a descriptive study, aiming at comparing the nursing workload in a post-operatory heart surgery unit (UPOCC) using NAS, TISS-28 and NEMS, and verifying both the observed and recommended nursing staff-to-patient ratio according to the workload indexes used. Data collection happened in a University Hospital, from October to November, 2004. The sample included 55 patients, resulting in 283 nursing workload measurements. The nursing workload measured by NAS (73.7%) were statistically higher than TISS-28 (66.2%) and NEMS (59.7%). The average of nursing staff-to-patient ratio estimated by NAS (1:1), TISS-28 (0.8:1) and NEMS (0.8:1) were lower than the observed ratio in the unit (1.2:1). We concluded that NAS measured a higher nursing workload and showed a nursing staff-to-patient ratio similar to the results found in the unit studied.This is a descriptive study, aiming at comparing the nursing workload in a post-operatory heart surgery unit (UPOCC) using NAS, TISS-28 and NEMS, and verifying both the observed and recommended nursing staff-to-patient ratio according to the workload indexes used. Data collection happened in a University Hospital, from October to November, 2004. The sample included 55 patients, resulting in 283 nursing workload measurements. The nursing workload measured by NAS (73.7%) were statistically higher than TISS-28 (66.2%) and NEMS (59.7%). The average of nursing staff-to-patient ratio estimated by NAS (1:1), TISS-28 (0.8:1) and NEMS (0.8:1) were lower than the observed ratio in the unit (1.2:1). We concluded that NAS measured a higher nursing workload and showed a nursing staff-to-patient ratio similar to the results found in the unit studied.

Úlcera por pressão: risco e gravidade do paciente e carga de trabalho de enfermagem

OBJECTIVES: to examine the association between pressure ulcer (PU) in critical care patients and their Braden scale score and the association between patient acuity and nursing workload, and to identify the risk factors for pressure ulcer among patients in critical care units (CCUs). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study with 74 patients in three CCUs at a major hospital. Data were collected prospectively using the simplified acute physiology score (SAPS II), the nursing activities score (NAS), and the Braden scale. RESULTS: Approximately a third of patients (31%) had a PU. Factors associated with PUs were age, days of hospital stay, the score on the Braden scale, and the score on the SAPS II. The score on the NAS was not associated with PUs. Scores on the SAPS II and NAS were moderately correlated with the score on the Braden scale. CONCLUSION: The development of PUs was associated with advanced age, longer hospital stay, and patient acuity. Patient acuity and nursing workload were predictors of UPs.Objectives: to examine the association between pressure ulcer (PU) in critical care patients and their Braden scale score and the association between patient acuity and nursing workload, and to identify the risk factors for pressure ulcer among patients in critical care units (CCUs). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with 74 patients in three CCUs at a major hospital. Data were collected prospectively using the simplified acute physiology score (SAPS II), the nursing activities score (NAS), and the Braden scale. Results: Approximately a third of patients (31%) had a PU. Factors associated with PUs were age, days of hospital stay, the score on the Braden scale, and the score on the SAPS II. The score on the NAS was not associated with PUs. Scores on the SAPS II and NAS were moderately correlated with the score on the Braden scale. Conclusion: The development of PUs was associated with advanced age, longer hospital stay, and patient acuity.

[Nursing workload to verify nurse/patient ratio in a cardiology ICU].

This is a descriptive study, aiming at comparing the nursing workload in a post-operatory heart surgery unit (UPOCC) using NAS, TISS-28 and NEMS, and verifying both the observed and recommended nursing staff-to-patient ratio according to the workload indexes used. Data collection happened in a University Hospital, from October to November, 2004. The sample included 55 patients, resulting in 283 nursing workload measurements. The nursing workload measured by NAS (73.7%) were statistically higher than TISS-28 (66.2%) and NEMS (59.7%). The average of nursing staff-to-patient ratio estimated by NAS (1:1), TISS-28 (0.8:1) and NEMS (0.8:1) were lower than the observed ratio in the unit (1.2:1). We concluded that NAS measured a higher nursing workload and showed a nursing staff-to-patient ratio similar to the results found in the unit studied.This is a descriptive study, aiming at comparing the nursing workload in a post-operatory heart surgery unit (UPOCC) using NAS, TISS-28 and NEMS, and verifying both the observed and recommended nursing staff-to-patient ratio according to the workload indexes used. Data collection happened in a University Hospital, from October to November, 2004. The sample included 55 patients, resulting in 283 nursing workload measurements. The nursing workload measured by NAS (73.7%) were statistically higher than TISS-28 (66.2%) and NEMS (59.7%). The average of nursing staff-to-patient ratio estimated by NAS (1:1), TISS-28 (0.8:1) and NEMS (0.8:1) were lower than the observed ratio in the unit (1.2:1). We concluded that NAS measured a higher nursing workload and showed a nursing staff-to-patient ratio similar to the results found in the unit studied.

Carga de trabalho de enfermagem e sua relação com a gravidade dos pacientes cirúrgicos em UTI

OBJETIVOS: verificar la relacion entre la carga de trabajo de enfermeria (TISS-28) y las variables: gravedad de la enfermedad (APACHE II), supervivencia y, el tiempo de permanencia en la UCI de los pacientes quirurgicos. METODOS: La recoleccion de datos realizada de setiembre del 2002 a febrero del 2003, incluyo 143 pacientes de tres UCIs de un Hospital Docente del municipio de Sao Paulo. RESULTADOS: los pacientes no sobrevivientes obtuvieron medias de los escores APACHE II y TISS-28, estadisticamente, mas elevadas cuando comparadas a las medias de los sobrevivientes (p=0,001). Aquellos que permanecieron por mas tiempo en las UCIs obtuvieron escores TISS-28 mas elevados, mostrando mayor numero de horas de cuidados de enfermeria (CE) (p=0,005). Los pacientes con escores APACHE II mas elevados presentaron medias de horas de CE estadisticamente superiores (p=0,05). CONCLUSIONES: la carga de trabajo de enfermeria se relaciono con la gravedad de la enfermedad, la supervivencia y el tiempo de permanencia de los pacientes quirurgicos en la UCI.Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationships among nursing workload, illness severity, and the survival and the length of stay of surgical patients in ICUs. Methods: Data from 143 inpatients from three ICUs of a teaching hospital in São Paulo city were collected from September 2002 to February 2003. Results: The results showed that patients who did not survive during the length of stay in the ICUs had higher scores on illness severity (APACHE II) and nursing workload (TISS-28) than those individuals who survived (p = 0.001). Patients who had longer length of stay in ICUs also had higher scores on nursing workload (TISS-28), which in turn required more hours of nursing care (p = 0.005). And, patients who had a higher score on illness severity (APACHE II) also required more hours of nursing care (p = 0.05). Conclusion: nursing workload was related to illness severity and to the survival and length of stay in ICUs.

Relationships among nursing workload, illness severity, and the survival and length of stay of surgical patients in ICUs

OBJETIVOS: verificar la relacion entre la carga de trabajo de enfermeria (TISS-28) y las variables: gravedad de la enfermedad (APACHE II), supervivencia y, el tiempo de permanencia en la UCI de los pacientes quirurgicos. METODOS: La recoleccion de datos realizada de setiembre del 2002 a febrero del 2003, incluyo 143 pacientes de tres UCIs de un Hospital Docente del municipio de Sao Paulo. RESULTADOS: los pacientes no sobrevivientes obtuvieron medias de los escores APACHE II y TISS-28, estadisticamente, mas elevadas cuando comparadas a las medias de los sobrevivientes (p=0,001). Aquellos que permanecieron por mas tiempo en las UCIs obtuvieron escores TISS-28 mas elevados, mostrando mayor numero de horas de cuidados de enfermeria (CE) (p=0,005). Los pacientes con escores APACHE II mas elevados presentaron medias de horas de CE estadisticamente superiores (p=0,05). CONCLUSIONES: la carga de trabajo de enfermeria se relaciono con la gravedad de la enfermedad, la supervivencia y el tiempo de permanencia de los pacientes quirurgicos en la UCI.Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationships among nursing workload, illness severity, and the survival and the length of stay of surgical patients in ICUs. Methods: Data from 143 inpatients from three ICUs of a teaching hospital in São Paulo city were collected from September 2002 to February 2003. Results: The results showed that patients who did not survive during the length of stay in the ICUs had higher scores on illness severity (APACHE II) and nursing workload (TISS-28) than those individuals who survived (p = 0.001). Patients who had longer length of stay in ICUs also had higher scores on nursing workload (TISS-28), which in turn required more hours of nursing care (p = 0.005). And, patients who had a higher score on illness severity (APACHE II) also required more hours of nursing care (p = 0.05). Conclusion: nursing workload was related to illness severity and to the survival and length of stay in ICUs.

Qualidade de vida prévia à internação em unidade de terapia intensiva

Objective To examine the reliability of the SF-36 general health questionnaire when used to evaluate the health status of critically ill patients before admission to intensive care and to measure their health-related quality of life prior to admission and its relation to severity of illness and length of stay in the intensive care unit. Methods Prospective cohort study conducted in the intensive care unit of a public teaching hospital. Over three months, communicative and oriented patients were interviewed within the first 72 hours of intensive care unit admission; 91 individuals participated. The APACHE II score was used to assess severity of illness, and the SF-36 questionnaire was used to measure health-related quality of life. Results The reliability of SF-36 was verified in all dimensions using Cronbachs alpha coefficient. In six dimensions of eight domains the value exceeded 0.70. The average SF-36 scores of the health-related quality of life dimensions for the patients before admission to intensive care unit were 57.8 for physical functioning, 32.4 for role-physical, 53.0 for bodily pain, 63.2 for general health, 50.6 for vitality, 56.2 for social functioning, 54.6 for role-emotional and 60.3 for mental health. The correlations between severity of illness and length of stay and the health-related quality of life scores were very low, ranging from -0.152 to 0.175 and -0.158 to 0.152, respectively, which were not statistically significant. Conclusion In the sample studied, the SF-36 demonstrated good reliability when used to measure health-related quality of life in critically ill patients before admission to the intensive care unit. The worst score was role-physical and the best was general health. Health-related quality of life of patients before admission was not correlated with severity of illness or length of stay in the intensive care unit.OBJECTIVE: To examine the reliability of the SF-36 general health questionnaire when used to evaluate the health status of critically ill patients before admission to intensive care and to measure their health-related quality of life prior to admission and its relation to severity of illness and length of stay in the intensive care unit. METHODS: Prospective cohort study conducted in the intensive care unit of a public teaching hospital. Over three months, communicative and oriented patients were interviewed within the first 72 hours of intensive care unit admission; 91 individuals participated. The APACHE II score was used to assess severity of illness, and the SF-36 questionnaire was used to measure health-related quality of life. RESULTS: The reliability of SF-36 was verified in all dimensions using Cronbachs alpha coefficient. In six dimensions of eight domains the value exceeded 0.70. The average SF-36 scores of the health-related quality of life dimensions for the patients before admission to intensive care unit were 57.8 for physical functioning, 32.4 for role-physical, 53.0 for bodily pain, 63.2 for general health, 50.6 for vitality, 56.2 for social functioning, 54.6 for role-emotional and 60.3 for mental health. The correlations between severity of illness and length of stay and the health-related quality of life scores were very low, ranging from -0.152 to 0.175 and -0.158 to 0.152, respectively, which were not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: In the sample studied, the SF-36 demonstrated good reliability when used to measure health-related quality of life in critically ill patients before admission to the intensive care unit. The worst score was role-physical and the best was general health. Health-related quality of life of patients before admission was not correlated with severity of illness or length of stay in the intensive care unit.

Outcomes and nursing workload related to obese patients in the intensive care unit.

OBJECTIVES To compare the morbidity and mortality of patients with a body mass index (BMI) < and ≥30kg/m(2) and to identify risk factors related to death and length of stay of obese patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS Prospective and cross-sectional study. SETTING A 35-bed mixed ICU in São Paulo, Brazil. RESULTS The sample consisted of 530 patients, of which 105 (19.8%) had a BMI ≥30kg/m(2). A significantly higher number of obese patients were female (p=0.025). The mortality, morbidity and nursing workload were not different between the obese and nonobese groups. However, the morbidly obese patients were younger (p<0.001), had a lower Charlson Comorbidity Index (CI; p=0.002), lower Simplified Acute Physiology Score 3 (SAPS 3; p=0.047), lower Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score (p=0.019), shorter ICU length of stay (LOS; p=0.015) and hospital LOS (p=0.039), and an increased mean nursing workload (Nursing Activities Score (NAS; p=0.004)). The SOFA score and nursing workload were identified as risk factors associated with death in the ICU. These two variables, in addition to the admission category and duration of mechanical ventilation (MV), were also related to the ICU LOS, which demonstrates an inverse relationship between the NAS and LOS. CONCLUSION Although the morbidity, mortality and nursing workload were not significantly different between the obese and nonobese groups, our results contribute additional information to the relationship between obesity and clinical discharge and inform future research.

Confusion assessment method para analisar delirium em unidade de terapia intensiva: revisão de literatura

Delirium is frequently observed in intensive care unit patients and its occurrence is related to increased morbidity and mortality, length of stay, functional decline and high costs. The Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit is a tool that facilitates early identification and occurrence of delirium among intubated patients. Objective: To verify the aspects of delirium studied by means of the Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit. A literature review was conducted in the LILACS, MedLine, PubMed and CINAHL databases, from 2001, when the Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit was validated, to 2008. Descriptors used for LILACS, MedLine and PubMed were delirium and intensive care unit, while for the CINAHL database, delirium and intensive care were used. From 293 articles, 35 were selected. The aspects analyzed disclosed, different types of delirium in different intensive care units. Variation in sensitivity was of 93% to 100% and variation in specificity, 89% to 100% of the Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit, an important tool for detection, characterization and control of delirium and its impact. The aspects of delirium studied by means of the Confusion Assessment Method for Intensive Care Unit were: the performance index, identification, management, cost of treatment, morbidity and mortality due to delirium.

Pressure ulcer: patient risk, patient acuity, and nursing workload

OBJECTIVES: to examine the association between pressure ulcer (PU) in critical care patients and their Braden scale score and the association between patient acuity and nursing workload, and to identify the risk factors for pressure ulcer among patients in critical care units (CCUs). METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study with 74 patients in three CCUs at a major hospital. Data were collected prospectively using the simplified acute physiology score (SAPS II), the nursing activities score (NAS), and the Braden scale. RESULTS: Approximately a third of patients (31%) had a PU. Factors associated with PUs were age, days of hospital stay, the score on the Braden scale, and the score on the SAPS II. The score on the NAS was not associated with PUs. Scores on the SAPS II and NAS were moderately correlated with the score on the Braden scale. CONCLUSION: The development of PUs was associated with advanced age, longer hospital stay, and patient acuity. Patient acuity and nursing workload were predictors of UPs.Objectives: to examine the association between pressure ulcer (PU) in critical care patients and their Braden scale score and the association between patient acuity and nursing workload, and to identify the risk factors for pressure ulcer among patients in critical care units (CCUs). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study with 74 patients in three CCUs at a major hospital. Data were collected prospectively using the simplified acute physiology score (SAPS II), the nursing activities score (NAS), and the Braden scale. Results: Approximately a third of patients (31%) had a PU. Factors associated with PUs were age, days of hospital stay, the score on the Braden scale, and the score on the SAPS II. The score on the NAS was not associated with PUs. Scores on the SAPS II and NAS were moderately correlated with the score on the Braden scale. Conclusion: The development of PUs was associated with advanced age, longer hospital stay, and patient acuity.