Suguru Mori

Side Setback Areas as Side Yards Architectural and Psychological Evaluation of Side Setback Areas in Residential Buildings Using a Multidimensional Measure – Case Study of Sapporo Neighbourhoods, Japan

Abstract In urban environments, front yards and backyards are valued by residents for the opportunities they provide for enriching residential activities and promoting neighbourly ties. This article extends previous inquiries to identify the preferred uses and attributes of side setback areas in a comparatively dense urban environment. While front yards or backyards may contribute to sociability, no such effects have been reported for the side setback areas, with their function being instrumental rather than social. On the basis of a 2013 survey, the average side setback area in Sapporo (Japan) is <2 m wide and its typical use is for storage. A series of cross-statistical analyses was used to investigate possible correlations and to predict the role of the physical attributes of adjacent facades on the perceptions of the respondents. This was followed by an in-depth interview of those who volunteered. The results indicated that side setback areas that were lesser than 1-m wide were perceived as abandoned and assumed to have no function. However, those wider than 1 m were seen as secondary storage areas. Regardless of this, respondents valued the light and ventilation provided by side setback areas.

Characteristics of the Spatial Structure of Kosts Private Rental Housing: A Case Study of the Urban Settlement of Jakarta, Indonesia

Abstract This paper investigates kosts, private rental housing facilities spontaneously developed by house owners mostly due to changes in their stages of life, the need for additional income, and the demand for cheaper housing for people who reside far from their place of employment and education. The arrangements vary considerably, making kosts popular housing options. Currently there are no specific design standards for kosts. Their design and operation are based on the owners′ preferences. This research was based in Indonesia′s capital, Jakarta, which is the center of business and has the greatest degree of urbanization. The high housing prices there, combined with relatively low incomes makes it difficult for middle-to-low income earners to afford houses. Focusing on space planning by owners, this paper discusses various patterns of spatial arrangement in kosts and the impact on the living space of residents. The data collected was analyzed by classification and quantitative descriptive analysis methods. The spatial organization and lack of space trigger behavioral changes and the misuse of space. Furthermore, many kosts are not up to the Indonesian standards of a healthy home. The formation of specific design standards is important to improve the physical conditions of kosts and their sense of community.

Passenger’s Attention Behaviors along Street Space: A Case Study of Da Nang City

This study aims to understand the attention behaviors of users along street space in a Vietnamese city. Based on CEMs (capture evaluation method survey) and data processing using CA (correspondence analysis) and clustering data collection using, the street spaces are categorized into three groups. Each group has its own representative characteristics related to how people within the group pay attention. The findings show that people tend to frequently pay attention to eight fundamental elements out of the 88 elements recorded while participating in the street space. User assessment identified the elements of impact in descending order from highest in following: Sidewalks > building > trading activities & shop > garbage > street > greenery > trash bin > parking. The difference of user’s attention behavior and their assessment in different street groups is also revealed in detail in this paper.

THE CHANGE OF LAYOUT AND USING CONDITION AS A BACKGROUND OF AGRICULTURE DIVERSIFICATION: A study of open planning on the farm house and the agriculuture facility in Hokkaido@@@北海道の農家住宅・農業施設のオープン化に関する研究

circumstances such as the business scales enlarged or contracted due to the alternation of generations and the usage of the empty space resulting from the enhanced function production have happened.There are few cases which have systematically adjusted function layouts and circulations so it is a reality that they have tackled the actual circumstances on an ad hoc basis while ensuring new space is hard due to limited site areas and existing buildings. 農業多角化を背景とする農家の空間構成と利用実態の変遷 北海道の農家住宅・農業施設のオープン化に関する研究 THE CHANGE OF LAYOUT AND USING CONDITION AS A BACKGROUND OF AGRICULTURE DIVERSIFICATION A study of open planning on the farm house and the agriculuture facility in Hokkaido

Developing terminology for side facades and side setback areas in Japanese neighborhoods: a study on utility and perception

The contribution of front or back yards to sociability has been the subject of several studies. No such finding however is evident for side setback areas, short distances kept between adjacent buildings, which in the case of comparatively dense Japanese urban neighborhood environments can be as short as a few decimeters. The present study locates side setback areas and building facades that look towards them in Japanese planning terminology, and examines them from the residents’ point of view. The data for this preliminary step of the research was collected based on a carefully designed and explained 2014 survey of 190 academics scholars throughout Japan. The results suggest that no demographic characteristic or housing type, number of floors or period of time living in the area were shown to be significant in residents’ perceptions towards the side setback areas. Those who had no side setback area were more concerned with their privacy, smoke, sound or darkness whereas those with side setback areas were more satisfied. As for preferences, having a Green Wall, Terrace/Balcony and Living/Dining were the preferred choice of those with side setback areas. All respondents tended to perceive the spaces as valued for the light and ventilation they provide. Several activities such as storage, parking and drying clothes were common among the respondents’ perceptions of activities suitable for these spaces.

CONSIDERATION OF ISSUES ON RESIDENTIAL ENVIRONMENT IMPROVEMENT IN THE CAUSE OF UNITARY CHILD WELL-BEING WITH THE COMMUNITY

This study aimed to consider the possibility of the residential environment improvement for the deinstitutionalization of child care institutions with the basic recognition that child well-being must be unitary with the community. As a result of the group interviews to people who had lived in the child care institution, the questionnaire to institutions in Japan, and the case study of Hope Meadows in the United States, it has become clear the following points at issue; 1) Person who had lived in the child care institution is conscious of peculiar manners and the sense of values acquired by life in the facility. 2) The physical situation of surroundings of the facility brings a big influence to the construction of childs interpersonal relationship and the training of sociability and cooperation. 3) A multi-generational neighborhood that supports families who have adopted children from foster care has been realized by the conversion of a existing residential area.

PLANNING APPROACH FOR REVITALIZING THE PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL IN THE SITUATION OF SHRINKING POPULATION

This proposal is a planning approach of “Evaluation - Optimization - Management” to renewal the public elementary school as a nucleus of a new community by private initiatives. As for the Makomanai district in Sapporo, the population decrease and the declining birthrate and a growing proportion of elderly people in recent years are remarkable as well as other suburbs of Japan. Therefore, making the school size proper is being examined by the Sapporo city board of education. It is judged that it is proper to thin out two of four elementary schools in the district though a concrete plan has not been decided yet.

RELATION BETWEEN CHANGE OF UTILIZATION IN SPACE AND PLANNING CONCEPT ON MAKOMANAI ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

This study aims to consider relation between change of utilization in space and planning concept through the document research and interviews about Makomanai Elementary School in the 47 years history. In the situation of declining birthrate and aging population today, it is started to discuss closing and integration of four public elementary schools in Makomanai area. Makomanai Elementary School has open space which is used for work space, playroom and gymnasium. As a result of analysis on the history of utilization, the following has become clear; The Open space could be reviewed as a pioneering work. For a long time, the open space has been used for many children, teachers and other people in diverse ways.

Analyzing the Approach and Memory in the Developmental Process of Space Making Using 1:10 Scale Blocks

Abstract In this research, we attempt to highlight the differences between specialists and non-specialists in their overall approach and memory skills by comparing their ′micro acts′ patterns, as they are constructing ′models′ using 1:10 scale LEGO(R) blocks. By focusing on 50 subjects (with and without architectural backgrounds), we observed and identified different patterns of combination and various transitional stages in their ′main micro acts′ (attach act, detach act and pause act) during the construction of models under the proposed brief. On the contrary to our first hypothesis, although subjects with architectural background applied more disrupted micro acts patterns during construction, it does not necessarily mean that they would replicate the required task as ′fluently′ as other subjects with no architectural background. We noticed that a portion of the specialists who engaged the tasks more carefully initially also displayed some form of difficulties when attempting to replicate the models in the second trial. In contrast, there are a number of non-specialists who remembered better than their specialist counterparts, thus questioning the implications of ′subconscious playing′ and ′conscious constructing′.

The Changing Appearance of Color of Architecture in Northern City : A Comparison Study of Architecture's Appearance in Summer and in Winter, in Sapporo City

Abstract This research explores the changing appearance of color of architecture. Different seasons create different appearances. The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the changing appearance of color by comparing architecture between summer and winter in Sapporo city. The aspect of visual phenomena, such as color and light, can be understood by analyzing the appearance of architectural spaces. This research aims to clarify the phenomenon about appearance of color of architectures in northern city.