Toshinobu Oku

A STUDY ON THE RECENT TRANSITION OF USER-GROUPS IN HUANGPU-PARK IN SHANGHAI

In China, there is a tradition of using the park with variable activities by inhabitants in early morning, and we found that it was an important opportunity of social communication, by the investigation of the users activity in Huangpu-park, in 2005. In 2008, we did another investigation through questionnaire, observations and deep interviews with the users. By the survey of social background and the comparison of the results of two investigations, we clarify the following facts: 1. According to the transitions of main groups, we found four turning points of the users activity in recent years. 2. There are four types of user group, and the type of each group may changes to another by the influence of the passage of time. 3. The composition of user groups and the conscious of most users, such as the purpose of activity and the relationship in group, have changed. 4. There seems to be a correspondence between the type of user-group and the social property of the area they use.

A STUDY ON UTILIZATION ACTIVITIES IN THE MORNING BY THE INHABITANTS IN CHINA'S URBAN PARK

This paper is a part of series of research on public open spaces as affordable places for being in the city. In China, there is a tradition of using the park with variable activities by inhabitants in early morning, and it has become an important opportunity of social communication, especially for the elderly, nowadays. By investigation through questionnaire, observations and deep interviews with the users in Huangpu-park, we clarify the following facts: 1. Most of the users have their utilization activities in groups, which are various in scales, patterns of organization or relationships. 2. There seems to be a rule which is maintained by all users to share the places, and it is long-established among the users, spontaneously. 3. Not all of the users have definite utilization activities in the park, and most of their purposes are to communicate with other users.

The Changing Appearance of Color of Architecture in Northern City : A Comparison Study of Architecture's Appearance in Summer and in Winter, in Sapporo City

Abstract This research explores the changing appearance of color of architecture. Different seasons create different appearances. The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the changing appearance of color by comparing architecture between summer and winter in Sapporo city. The aspect of visual phenomena, such as color and light, can be understood by analyzing the appearance of architectural spaces. This research aims to clarify the phenomenon about appearance of color of architectures in northern city.