Sunarru Samsi Hariadi

The Role of Tea Farmer Group in Tea Smallholder Downstream Supply Chain Cooperatives in West Java Province, Indonesia

West Java Province is the center of the largest tea producer in Indonesia, includes its tea smallholders. The existence of tea farmer groups as main actor on tea agribusiness plays important and strategic role in realizing sustainability business unit for tea smallholder downstream supply chain. This study aims to: (1) describes the role of tea farmer groups on tea smallholder downstream supply chain; 2) describes the development of tea smallholder downstream supply chain cooperatives. The main method of this study used a descriptive qualitative approach. Data was collected by in depth interview and focus group discussion (FGD). Data sources were analyzed by used analysis triangulation. The results shown that a few active tea farmer groups in West Java, can successful run the role of group as a business unit in downstream supply chain that has changed its member’s behavior in tea selling activity, improved the member’s income, improved the value added of tea smallholder product, improved the transfer of simple processing technology of tea production, encouraged the local tea product creation, improved tea promotion with government support, and built network in market. In develop sustainability tea supply chain cooperatives, tea farmer groups together joint in tea farmer group association (Gapoktan) to built own factory and village unit cooperative (Koperasi), built network and make a partnerships with government, private plantation, tea factories, and stores. The challenges of tea farmers groups in downstream supply chain are capital, tea prices, and policy that pro tea smallholder. So, sustainable assistance and extension to tea farmer groups important needed. Keywords: role, tea farmer group, downstream, supply chain, cooperative

PENGARUH PERAN PENYULUH DAN KEARIFAN LOKAL TERHADAP ADOPSI INOVASI PADI SAWAH DI KECAMATAN MONTASIK KABUPATEN ACEH BESAR

The purpose of this research was to determine (1) the influence of extension worker, (2) the influence of local wisdom, also (3) to determine whether there was the influences of social and economic factors in innovation adoption of rice farming and (4) whether there was the activity synergies of extension worker and local wisdom towards innovation adoption of rice farming in Montasik sub-district. The basic method used in this research was the analytical descriptive with the quantitative approach which was suported by its qualitative side. The chosen location of the research was done on purpose that was the sub-district of Montasik (WKPP Piyeung I and WKPP Bukit Baro I) the regency of Aceh Besar. The sampling of respondents method was the simple random sampling with the number of respondents was 120 farmers from 1057 population. The techniques of data analysis used in this research were: 1) the technique of scoring (Likert scale), 2) the validity test used was the Pearson correlation, 3) the reliability test used with Cronbach Alpha method, 4) the normality test was the PP plot model, 5) the test of hypotheses, for the first, the second and the third hypothesis was using the multiple linear regression and the correlation, for the fourth hypothesis was using the qualitative approach. From the analysis results of multiple linear regression test which was using the Backward (model 5) in the first, the second and the third hypothesis indicated that all of the seven variables tested, three of them were instructor role variables, motivation and attitude had the positive and significant impact on innovation adoption of rice farming. With the sig value from the instructor role variables was 0.000 < 0.10, the sig value of the motivation was 0.097 < 0.10, and the sig value of the attitude was 0.004 < 0.10. For the fourth hypothesis showed the synergies between the counseling activities with the indigenous local wisdom approach towards the innovation adoption of rice farming where the extension worker and the community leaders could work together as well in the organizing of the rice planting schedule and in the process of environmental preservation in the Montasik sub-district.