Sungbum Park

Watermarking two dimensional data object identifier for authenticated distribution of digital multimedia contents

A digital object identifier refers to diverse technologies associated with assigning an identifier to a digital resource and managing the identification system. One type of implementation of a digital object identifier developed by the Korean Government is termed the Universal Content Identifier (UCI) system. It circulates and utilizes identifiable resources efficiently by connecting various online and offline identifying schemes. UCI tags can contain not only identifiers but also abundant additional information regarding contents. So, researchers and practitioners have shown great interest in methods that utilize the two-dimensional barcode (2D barcode) to attach UCI tags to digital contents. However, attaching a 2D barcode directly to a digital content raises two problems. First, quality of the content may deteriorate due to the insertion of the barcode; second, a malicious user can invalidate the identifying tag, simply by removing the tag from the original content. We believe that these concerns can be mitigated by inserting an invisible digital tag containing information about an identifier and digital copyrights into the entire area of the digital content. In this study, to protect copyrights of digital contents securely without quality degradation, we attempt to discover a sequence of process for generating a 2D barcode from a UCI tag and watermarking the barcode into a digital content. Such a UCI system can be widely applied to areas such as e-learning, distribution tracking, transaction certification, and reference linking services when the system is equipped with 2D barcode technology and secure watermarking algorithms. The latter part of this paper analyzes intensive experiments conducted to evaluate the robustness of traditional digital watermarking algorithms against external attacks.

Solubilities of carbon dioxide in the aqueous potassium carbonate and potassium carbonatepoly(ethylene glycol) solutions

Abstract The solubilities of carbon dioxide in the aqueous potassium carbonate (K2CO3) solutions and potassium carbonatepoly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) solutions were measured at 298.2 and 323.2 K with a CO2 partial pressure range of 5 kPa to 2 MPa. The concentrations of the aqueous mixtures by mass were 5% K2CO3, 5% K2CO3-15% PEG, 5% K2CO3-30% PEG, 10% K2CO3 and 10% K2CO3-15% PEG. The experimental solubility results were presented by the mole ratio of CO2 and K2CO3 contained in the liquid mixture. The addition of PEG to 5 mass% K2CO3 solution rather lowered the solubility of CO2 at a constant temperature and pressure within the CO2 partial pressure range of 5 kPa to 2 MPa. The loadings of CO2 decreased with increasing temperature from 298.2 to 323.2 K.

Bidirectional WDM self-healing ring network for hub/remote nodes

We demonstrate a bidirectional wavelength-division-multiplexing self-healing ring network for hub/remote nodes with a single strand of fiber. In this network, self-healing can be achieved within 8 ms. The transmission capacity can be doubled in the operating state. We observed the improvement of power penalty due to the spectral filtering in the realized network with 2.5-Gb/s directly modulated signals.

Examining success factors in the adoption of digital object identifier systems

Systems for identifying and managing digital objects are becoming essential for digital content providers as the growth of the digital content market accelerates. Not much research has been done to examine the successful adoption of digital object identifier systems. This study examines the success factors for the adoption of digital object identifier systems by extending DeLone and McLeans information systems success model. A large-scale field study targeting digital content providers in Korea was employed to empirically validate a research model. Data was collected from 120 respondents from 41 digital content providers. The results indicate that information quality is the strongest factor to influence organizational benefits through perceived usefulness and user satisfaction. The syndication efforts of digital content providers can be a moderator in the successful adoption of digital object identifier systems. This has implications for how practitioners can best communicate the features and benefits of digital object identifier systems and provides additional support for researchers to examine the underutilized construct of organizational benefit. Limitations of this study are discussed in addition to concluding remarks.

A new generalized model for predicting the density of single- and mixed-electrolyte solutions

Abstract A new generalized method is proposed for predicting the density of single- and mixed-electrolyte solutions at 298.15 K from osmotic pressure and ionic radii. In this treatment, the electrolyte solution was modeled as a mixture of ionic hard sphere and compressible water situated in the field of an external pressure, i.e., osmotic pressure. The molar volume of the solution is considered to be the sum of both intrinsic volume of ions and apparent molar volume of water. The former is estimated from the method suggested by Conway et al. [B.E. Conway, J.E. Desnoyers, C. Smith, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. London, Ser. A 256 (1989) 389–392], and the latter directly from the osmotic pressure. The applicability of the model was tested with 138 single- and 15 binary-electrolyte solutions. The overall average absolute relative deviations (AAD) were found to be 2.38% and 1.13% for the single-electrolyte solutions and 2.80% and 0.96% for the binary-electrolyte solutions when the Pauling radii and the maximum Shannon radii were used for the ionic radii in solutions. On the other hand, in cases where the ionic radii in solutions were treated as the ion-specific parameters that can be applied to all types of salts, the AAD were greatly improved to 0.88% for the 138 single-electrolyte solutions and 0.65% for the 15 binary-electrolyte solutions.

Analysis of influencing factors on the IPTV subscription

– The purpose of this paper is to examine how user-perceived video quality, measured by computer assisted web survey, interacts with content richness (CR) and interactivity (IA). It also analyzes how those internet protocol television (IPTV) idiosyncrasies impacts audience perceptions (perceived usefulness (PU) and perceived resistance (PR)) and actual subscriptions. , – A computer assisted web survey was administered in Korea to collect data. A structural equation model and Z-test analyses were conducted to address the research hypotheses. , – User-perceived video quality influences audience perceptions (PU and PR) through interaction with CR and IA. Subscriber perceptions have a causal relationship with IPTV subscriptions. , – Balanced improvement of the IPTV value chain, from content to technical (platform, network, and terminal) perspectives, are necessary for IPTV diffusion. Also, IPTV providers should establish the diffusion strategies, minimizing the user-perceived restrictiveness as well as maximizing the PU. , – This study shows computer assisted assessment of video quality can be applied to behavior science. The research model suggests PR, which has been relatively unnoticed is included in existing technology acceptance theories. The introduced antecedents of IPTV subscriptions can be referred to as key performance indicators regarding new media adoption studies.

Establishment of Reference Linking Systems on UCI Cross-Reference

This paper describes Cross reference services in Knowledge contents based on UCI. Cross references are effective features that can increase the value of the contents. Knowledge contents include academic papers, research reports, archives, historical and cultural heritage, and professional databases. Cross references are consists of reference-to and cited-by links which can be made by reference list in article. Some of cross reference services provided are considered. We designed cross reference services for knowledge contents in Korea and prototype services are provided. The reference linking service in the area of national R&D will enable the linking of heterogeneous information produced at different sources.

Characteristics of Stainless Steel Composites with Nano-sized TiCxNy

Titanium carbonitride is more perspective materials compared to titanium carbide. It can be used in tool industry and special products because of its higher strength, abrasive wear-resistance and especially its strong chemical stability at high temperatures. We produced STS+TiCxNy composite by the spark plasma sintering for higher strength and studied the characteristics. The planar and cross-sectional microstructures of the specimens were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Characterizations of the carbon and nitride phases on the surface of composite were carried out using an X-ray diffractometer. During annealing TiCxNy particles diffusion into STS 430 was observed. After annealing, sintering isolations between particles were formed. It causes decreasing of mechanical strength. In addition when annealing temperature was increased hardness increased. Heterogeneous distribution of alloying elements particles was observed. After annealing composites, highest value of hardness was 738.1 MHV.

OPTIMUM FOCUSING IN THE ULTRASONIC ANNULAR ARRAY IMAGING SYSTEM

This paper is concerned with optimum focusing in the ultrasonic annular array pulse echo imaging system- optimum in the sense that the lateral resolution is maximized with a specified sidelobe suppression over the range of interest. First, an effective technique for calculating the impulse response of an annular in the whole image plane is developed and the overall beam pattern is obtained by convolving the transmit field pattern with the receive impulse response. An iterative technique is then applied to minimize the beam widths at two depths of interest under a specified sidelobe suppression. In the receiving mode, a continuous dynamic focusing is carried out at all pixel points along the depth of view with a new digital focusing system.