Sunira Chandra

Compound composite odontome erupting into the oral cavity: A rare entity

Odontomas are the most common odontogenic tumors. They are usually asymptomatic and are often discovered during routine radiography. Eruption of an odontome into the oral cavity is rare. Odontomas are the most common odontogenic tumors. They are usually asymptomatic and are often discovered during routine radiography. Eruption of an odontome into the oral cavity is rare. We report an unusual case of erupting compound composite odontoma. we report an unusual case of erupting compound composite odontoma.

Additive and synergistic effect of phytochemicals in prevention of oral cancer

Increasing the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and whole grains is a practical strategy to optimize good health and to reduce the risk of various chronic diseases and cancer. There are approximately 5,000 individual phytochemicals which have been identified. These interfere with multiple important cellular pathways and play an important role in maintaining balance between health and disease. This article aims to provide awareness of various additive and synergistic effects of these natural occurring chemical substances (phytochemicals) found in various fruits and vegetables. Their mechanism of action in preventing various chronic diseases and cancer is also been highlighted in this article. Grouping plant foods by color provides simplification, but it is also important as a method to help consumers make-wise food choices and promote health. We believe phytochemicals can be best acquired through whole-food consumption and not through the pills or an extracts.

Forensic importance of maxillary sinus in gender determination: A morphometric analysis from Western Uttar Pradesh, India

Background: The study of anthropometric characteristics is of fundamental importance to solve problems related to identification. Craniometrical features are included among these characteristics, which are closely connected to forensic dentistry. Radiography is used in forensic for the identification of humans especially in cases where the body is decomposed, fragmented, or burned. Radiology can assist in giving accurate dimensions for which certain formulae can be applied to determine the gender. It has been reported that maxillary sinuses remain intact, although the skull and other bones may be badly disfigured in victims who are incinerated and therefore, that maxillary sinuses can be used for identification. Aim: This study has been carried out to check the accuracy and reliability of maxillary sinus in gender determination using morphometric parameters. Materials and Methods: Lateral cephalogram of 50 subjects (25 males and 25 females) were taken and morphometric parameters of maxillary sinus were analyzed using AutoCAD 2010 software (Autodesk, Inc.). Results: The mean area and perimeter of maxillary sinus in males was 1.7261 cm 2 and 5.2885 cm whereas, the mean area and perimeter in females was 1.3424 cm 2 and 4.3901 cm. In-group centroids if someone′s discriminant function (DF) score is close to 0.838 then the subject are supposed to be male. Whereas, those having DF score closer to −0.838 are supposed to be females. DF analysis showed that, 76% of the original grouped cases were correctly classified. Hence, the overall sensitivity and specificity was found to be 80% and 72%. Conclusion: It can be concluded that morphometric analysis (area and perimeter) of maxillary sinus using AutoCAD 2010 software can assist in gender determination.

Long-term effect of tobacco on resting whole mouth salivary flow rate and pH: An institutional based comparative study

Background : Saliva is the first biological fluid that is exposed to tobacco and is responsible for its changes especially the salivary flow rate (SFR) and salivary pH. Aims and Objectives : The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the long- term effects of tobacco on SFR and pH between tobacco chewers, smokers, and controls. Materials and Methods : A total of 60 Subjects were divided equally into tobacco smokers (group A), chewers (group B), and controls (group C). Saliva of each subject was collected under resting condition and SFR was expressed in mL/min for 10 min. Salivary pH was determined using the specific salivary pH strips. Results : The mean (±SD) SFR for group A; 4.34 (±0.3), group B; 3.07 (±0.26) and group C; 5.65 (±0.44) mL/min when compared and a significant relation was obtained. The mean (±SD) pH for group A; 6.8 (±0.1), group B; 6.7 (±0.1) and group C; 7.04 (±0.1) when compared and a non-significant relation was obtained though, lower salivary pH were observed in group A and B. Conclusion : Present study indicates that the SFR decreases appreciably among tobacco abusers especially more among smokeless form. A lower (acidic) salivary pH was observed in tobacco users as compared with control. These alterations in SFR and pH due to long-term effect of tobacco user can render oral mucosa vulnerable to various oral and dental diseases.

Non-infiltrating angiolipoma of the upper lip: A rare entity

Angiolipoma is a variant of lipoma with a prominent vascular component. It is the most common tumor of the forearm followed by trunk and extremities of young individuals. Its occurrence in head and neck region is rare. In this report, we present clinical and histopathologic features of non-infiltrating angiolipoma occurring on the upper lip in a 9-year-old female. Toluidine blue stain is used to demonstrate increased mast cell density around blood vessels, speculating its role in vasculogenesis.

Intraoral Superficial Angiomyxoma of the Upper Alveolus: Report of a Unique Case

Angiomyxomas are relatively a group of uncommon myxoid mesenchymal tumors characterized by frequent local recurrences and show lack of malignant potential. Basically three types of angiomyxomas are recognized superficial, aggressive, and angiomyofibroblastoma. Though the angiomyxomas are rarely reported in the head and neck region, the paper shows reported cases intraorally in the buccal mucosa and floor of the mouth. Here, the authors report a rare case of angiomyxoma presenting as a growth in the upper posterior alveolar mucosa.

Traumatic pseudolipoma causing facial asymmetry: An uncommon pathology and review of its pathogenesis.

We present an uncommon case of traumatic pseudolipoma in a 24-year-old female, causing facial asymmetry. Literature review suggests trauma as a possible etiology for its pathogenesis, which was present in this case. Microscopically, sometimes it is difficult to differentiate between normal adipose tissue and lipoma. Clinician must provide accurate clinical information in order to make a definitive diagnosis of traumatic pseudolipoma. Its pathogenesis has also been highlighted in this article.

Extraosseous calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor: An uncommon variant.

Odontogenic cysts comprise a diverse group of exceptional lesions derived from epithelial elements of the tooth-forming apparatus. Calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor is a rare odontogenic lesion, which represents about 2% of all odontogenic tumors and cysts. It may occur in a central (intraosseous) or peripheral (extraosseous calcifying cystic odontogenic tumor [ECCOT]) location. ECCOT in contrast to central, tends to affect the older patients, commonly located in the anterior lower jaw, is less aggressive and the recurrence is rare. Here, we report clinico-pathological and radiographic features of ECCOT located in relation to 48 (posterior lower jaw) measuring about 1 cm in the greatest diameter in a 17-year-old male.

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy: Report of a case associated with high urinary excretion of Vanilmandelic acid

Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy is a rare congenital neoplasm involving the head and neck region in young patients. A case of melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy is presented. This tumor occurred in right maxillary alveolar ridge in a 4-month-old infant. The present case showed an increased urinary level of vanilmandelic acid, confirming that the tumor is originated from neural crest. Clinical assessment, histologic diagnosis, and laboratory findings supported the diagnosis.

Extensive physiologic melanin pigmentation on the tongue: An unusual clinical presentation

Pigmented lesions are commonly found in the oral cavity. Pigmentation has a multifactorial etiology. Most of the oral pigmentations are physiologic but sometimes it can be a precursor of severe diseases. Evaluation of a patient presented with a pigmented lesion should include a full medical and dental history, extraoral and intraoral examinations and even in some cases biopsy and laboratory investigations are required. In this article, we report a case of extensive physiologic pigmentation on the tongue in a 32-year-old female patient, posing a diagnostic challenge.