Supawadee Chullasorn

A new species of Tigriopus (Copepoda, Harpacticoida, Harpacticidae) from Thailand with the description of its naupliar development

Both genders of Tigriopus thailandensis sp. nov. are described from a laboratory stock raised from individuals collected from the seaweed Enteromorpha clathrata in Thailand (Bangsaen Beach, Chonburi Province). Tigriopus thailandensis sp. nov. shares with its closest relative T. japonicus Mori, 1932 two setae on the third exopodal segment of leg 4 while other congeners bear 3 inner setae. However, allobasis and exopod of antenna in both genders are much more slender and elongate than in T. japonicus. All six naupliar stages of T. thailandensis are described from the offspring of isolated females. In comparison with nauplii of T. japonicus, T. thailandensis nauplii are characterized by the following: a smaller body size throughout the naupliar phase; first antennular segment without seta, second antennular segment with only one small seta plus two longer setae; third antennular segment with additional spinules from naupliar stage II onwards; antenna bears three small spinules on the terminal exopodal segment; one additional seta on the anterior surface of the antennary basis, tubular endopod of antenna with one tiny seta midlength at naupliar stage III that increases in size; mandibular basis with several spinules on anterior surface; mandibular coxa with one spinulose seta that is smooth in T. japonicus.

The fine structure of coelomocytes in the sipunculid Phascolosoma esculenta

Ultrastructural characteristics of coelomocytes of the sipunculid Phascolosoma esculenta were studied by transmission electron microscopy. There are several cell types in the coelomic fluid, including three kinds of granulocytes, vesicular cells, germ cells, amoebocytes, phagocytes, and erythrocytes; there are also a new cell complex which is composed of podocytes and granular cells. And several other cell types (erythrocyte and different kinds of granulocytes) gathering together was discovered in the coelomic fluid of P. esculenta. Functional interpretations were provided for these cells using morphological evidence. The coelomocytes from different sipunculid genera and Annelida were compared. The structural diversity of coelomocytes provides both taxonomic characteristics for discriminative identification and phylogenetic markers in Phascolosoma and other sipunculid taxa.

Pseudocyclops schminkei (Copepoda, Calanoida, Pseudocyclopidae): a new species from Okinawa

Both genders of Pseudocyclopsschminkei n. sp. are described from a pearl fishery aquarium on Zamami Island, Okinawa, Japan; it is the 37th species of the genus. Pseudocyclopsschminkei sp. nov. differs from other species of the magnus species group in the shape of the lobes of distal exopodal segment of the male left leg 5, and the morphology of setae on middle and distal exopodal segment of male right swimming leg 2. Aspects of the morphology of P. xiphophorus and P. bilobatus are redescribed, and an unnamed Pseudocyclops sp. from the Shedd Aquarium in Chicago, IL, is briefly noted. Females of P. schminkei sp. nov., P. xiphophorus and Pseudocyclops sp. could not be separated from each other with the small number of specimens available in this study for the former two species.

Phylogenetic inferences of Tisbe Lilljeborg, 1853 (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) with Tisbe thailandensis sp. nov. from Thailand

Tisbe thailandensis sp. nov. is described in particular detail from a laboratory stock raised from individuals collected from Bangsaen Beach, Thailand. The description has revealed the following autapomorphic characters: the spiniform terminal seta of P1 Enp III bears a spinule row on anterior face; the innermost seta carries at the outer tip a tuft of spinules; the outermost seta has along its outer border short but stiff spinules; there are large surface spinules on the anterior face of female P5 exp and baseoendopod and male P5 exp. A phylogenetic inference study provides a most parsimonious hypothesis of relationships. The branching pattern indicates that Tisbe thailandensis sp. nov. is the most underived taxon compared to the remaining Tisbe species analyzed here. It confirms that T. furcata shares several characters with a number of species that justifies uniting them in a T. furcata group. According to the present analysis, the furcata group contains the following species: T. bocqueti, T. furcata, T. variana, T. carolinensis, and T. bulbisetosa. The male dimorphic maxilliped and the long spinule at the tip of the middle (terminal) spiniform seta of the male P5 exp are no longer constitutive for the furcata group of species since they are present also in other species.

A new species of Nitokra Boeck, 1865 (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Ameiridae) from a brown alga in Thailand

Abstract Both sexes of a new species of Nitokra Boeck, 1865 were collected from a brown alga, Padina australis at Bangsaen sandy Beach in Chon Buri province, Thailand. Nitokra karanovici, sp. nov., is similar to many species of the genus in having a slender and cylindrical body shape, eight-segmented antennules in female and nine-segmented in male, exopod of female P5 with 5 setae; the new species shares the same armature formula of the swimming legs with the following six congeners: N. balli Rouch, 1972 from Long Island, Papua New Guinea; N. evergladensis Bruno, Reid & Perry, 2002 from Florida, U.S.A.; N. minor Willey, 1930 from Bermuda; N. minor mozambicae Wells, 1967 from Inhaca Island, Mozambique; N. platypus bakeri Chappuis, 1930 from the Philippines and Japan; and N. uenoi Miura, 1962 from Ryukyu Islands, Pacific. However, the new species can easily be distinguished from N. balli and N. uenoi by the number of setae on the female P5 Enp, and from N. evergladensis, N. minor and N. platypus bakeri by the much longer P1 Enp-1. Nitokra karanovici is most closely related to N. minor mozambicae, but it can be distinguished by the number of spinules on the anal operculum (6–7 in N. minor mozambicae and 11 in N. karanovici), and relative length of the P1 Enp-1 (slightly shorter in the new species). Therefore, we conclude that N. karanovici most resembles N. minor mozambicae as mentioned above.

A new species of Tigriopus (Copepoda: Harpacticoida: Harpacticidae) from Thailand with a key to the species of the genus

A new species of the genus Tigriopus Norman, 1869 is described from Thailand. Tigriopus sirindhornae sp. nov. resembles other species in having cyclopiform shape, nine-segmented A1 in female, A2 allobasis with three-segmented exp, male lacking an abexopodal seta, male P2 enp II with distinct outer spiniform apophysis, both baseoendopod and exp of female P5 with five setae. The new species can be distinguished by having fewer sensillae; two-segmented mandibular exp; Mx1 praecoxa more spinulose, Mx2 with spinules on three syncoxal endites, and Mxp with spinules on outer margin. Additional characters related to the female P5 and P1 and the male A1 and P2 are also helpful to distinguish this species from its congeners. An identification key for the 13 known species of Tigriopus is also provided. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:ABA4C14F-E484-4883-8191-F7ECECC7A3D3

Review of naupliar development among Miraciidae (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) with a naupliar description of Paramphiascellachoi sp. nov. from Thailand

Both genders of Paramphiascella choi sp. nov. were collected from the green alga Enteromorpha clathrata in Rayong province, Thailand. P. choi shares with other species of the genus: cylindrical body shape, rostrum not bifid, eight-segmented antennules, three-segmented exopodal antenna, and female P5 exopod with five setae. The new species distinguished from other conspecific species by: three-segmented exopodal antenna, inner edge of basis of male P1 and P2 bear a bare ovate-knob each. Enp-1 very elongate, Enp-2 of male P2 transformed into a large, strong, slightly curved and tapering attenuation with two central chitinous ridges, and bearing one medially directed knob close to enp-1. At the base of this knob arise three plumose setae of unequal length. These characters are suggested to be autapomorphies of the new species. Six naupliar stages are obtained and described a key for the identification of stages is provided. Nauplius I has one pair of caudal setae; three-segmented antennules; antenna consists of a coxa, basis, endopod and exopod; mandible has a coxa, basis, endopod and exopod; hindbody bears two caudal setae. Nauplius II develops one aesthetasc on the antennule; antenna has added an arthrite arising from the coxa; mandible has a row of tiny spinulose setae. Nauplius III has added two pairs of caudal setae. Nauplius IV bears bilobed bud of the maxillule armed with two setae and four pairs of caudal setae. Nauplius V bears a multilobed bud of the maxillule with three setae and five pairs of caudal setae. At Nauplius VI, the buds of swimming legs 1 and 2 are added.

Two new Asian species of the genus Scottolana Huys, 2009 (Copepoda: Canuelloida: Canuellidae)

Two new species of the family Canuellidae Lang, 1944, Scottolana jasani sp. nov. collected from Gusipo Beach, Korea and S. huysi sp. nov. from Kata Beach, Phuket Island, Thailand, are described. So far 14 species are currently known in the genus, of which only two, S. bulbifera from Russia, China, and Korea, and S. geei from China, have been reported from Asia. The new species, Scottolana jasani sp. nov. and S. huysi sp. nov., belong to the longipes-group, defined by the presence of two postgenital segments in the female, and caudal ramus with a proximal hook-like inner projection. Scottolana jasani sp. nov. closely resembles S. geei. However, it is easily distinguished by the following characters: (1) number of segments of antennal exopod (8 in the new species, but 9 in S. geei); (2) setae I, and II of caudal ramus; (3) shape of genital field in both sexes; (4) segmentation of mandibular exopod; and (5) spinular ornamentation of endopod-2 in P1. Scottolana huysi sp. nov. is also closely related to S. geei. However, it is unique and different from S. geei by (1) indistinctly 4-segmented antennule in the female; (2) 5-segmented male antennule; (3) larger genital field in female; (4) inner long seta on P4 coxa; and (5) the morphology of caudal seta II, being long and plumose, with a bulbiform base in the female only. www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:33BFE1A2-8C95-4A9D-9E7A-B495CEEC3182

Description of a new species of the genus Peltidium Philippi, 1839 from southern Korea (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) - with a review of the genus

Abstract Peltidium byungwooi sp. nov. is described in morphological detail from samples collected from the macroalgal beds on rocky bottoms using a light trap from Yeoseodo Island, Korea. Our studies revealed the following morphological diagnostic characters: body strongly chitinized and dorsoventrally flattened; antennule 7-segmented; antenna with allobasis, exopod 2-segmented, bearing one and three setae, respectively; allobasis of maxilla bilobed, drawn out into a small claw with two accessory setae; endopod represented by a small protuberance bearing one seta; swimming legs P2–P4 exp-3 with two outer spines; P2 enp-1 without inner seta; P3 enp-3 with two inner setae; inner endopodal lobe of female P5 with very short outer seta (about 5.4 times shorter than inner one, 3.6 times in male); male P2 enp-3 bearing modified inner distal spine with blunt tip. Phylogenetic, zoogeographic, biological, and ecological characteristics of the family Peltidiidae are reviewed for the genus Peltidium. http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:765492B8-73DF-4650-BDFA-71C73BBD7600

Naupliar development of Nitocra karanovici (Copepoda, Harpacticoida)

Abstract All six naupliar stages of the harpacticoid copepod Nitocra karanovici are described. A key to the identification of the naupliar stages is provided. Stages can be distinguished by number of segments of the exopod of antenna 2, setation of the limbs including the bud of the caudal ramus, and presence and setation of the bud of maxilla 1. A particular naupliar character was found in the nauplii of N. karanovici that is in common for all Ameiridimorpha, except Ameiridae and otherwise not known from other Harpacticoida. This is a pair of bean-shaped, bare medial cuticular areas of the ventral body wall present in Parastenocarididae, Cylindropsyllidae, and as in Canthocamptus, Attheyella, Moraria, and Mesochra of the Canthocamptidae.