Suresh Jaiswal

Prevalence of intestinal parasite among school children of Bharatpokhari V.D.C., Kaski, Nepal.

Aims: To determine the prevalence of the intestinal parasitic infection among school children and the factors associated with it. Study Design: Cross Sectional Place and Duration of Study: This study was conducted among school children in Bhulbhula Intermediate School, Janjyoti Primary School and Sukla Primary School of Bharatpokhari VDC, Kaski, western region of Nepal during December, 2012 to Feburary, 2013. Materials and Methods: A total of 163 faecal samples were collected. Samples were investigated under standard WHO guidelines for identification of parasites. Samples were analysed microscopically. Results: Out of the 163 children screened, the overall parasitic infection rate was found to be 18(11%). There was no statistically significant association between sex (p=0.935), schools (p=0.570) or age group (p=0.327) and the infection status. On the whole, Entamoeba histolytica (E.h) had the prevalence of 61.0% followed by Trichuris trichuria (TT) 22.0% and Hook worm, Ascaris/Giardia, Trichuris trichuria/Entamoeba histolytica 6.0% each. Conclusion: Results of this study indicates a low prevalence of intestinal parasite among school children in Bharatpokhari VDC, kaski, Western region of Nepal. Original Research Article British Microbiology Research Journal, 4(9): 1007-1012, 2014 1008

Serum Adenosine Deaminase: A Novel Biomarker Tool for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis is a major health issues worldwide. Every year more than 9 million new cases are reported worldwide with death rate of around 2 million each year. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of tuberculosis in population is most supportive in proper medication and early recovery. The golden standard method for diagnosis of tuberculosis in patient is formerly culture method which is time consuming and cumbersome. Various other techniques used in the diagnosis of tuberculosis have poor sensitivity and specificity however serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) has emerged as a potent biochemical marker that can be used as tool for the diagnosis of tuberculosis for rapid, easy and better result. Increased level of ADA in blood generally indicates the presence of tuberculosis. In the present study, the serum ADA level was examined in 75 healthy control and 75 tuberculosis patients with positive sputum smear for acid fast bacilli (AFB), having clinical symptoms were diagnosed for pulmonary tuberculosis and radiological impression for extra pulmonary tuberculosis. The selection of cases and control were based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Samples were collected at the outpatient department of National Tuberculosis Centre, Nepal after asking simple questionnaires. Modified Guisti and Galanti method was adopted for estimation of serum ADA from pooled and processed blood samples. There was significant difference (p<0.001) in mean rank of level of serum ADA among the TB cases to controls. The P-TB had the highest mean rank (116.52) followed by EP-TB (99.48) and control had significantly less mean rank (40.16). At the cut-off point of 25 U/L; sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 90.7%, 100%, 90.66% and 100% respectively. It can be concluded from data that there were insignificant difference in mean rank among sex wise distribution with p=0.037 and sputum grading wise distribution with p=0.142.