Surjono Hadi Sutjahjo

Genetic Diversity Analysis in 27 Tomato Accessions Using Morphological and Molecular Markers

Genetic diversity is the most important aspect in tomato breeding activities. Better assessment on the diversity of the collected accessions will come up with better result of the cultivar development. This study aimed at analyzing the genetic diversity of 27 tomato accessions by morphological and molecular markers. Twenty seven accessions collected from various regions of Indonesia were planted in the field and evaluated for their morphological traits, and RAPD analyzed for their molecular markers. The UPGMA clustering analyzes, elaborating the combination of morphological and molecular data, indicated that the tomato accessions could be grouped into 5 major groups with 70 % genetic similarity levels. Current study indicated that although many accessions came from different locations, they congregated into the same group. Cherry, Kudamati 1 and Lombok 3 were the farthest genetic distant accessions to the others. Those three genotypes will be the most valuable accessions, when they were crossed with other accessions, for designing a prospective breeding program in the future.

Evaluation of the Morpho-physiology characteristics of maize inbred lines introduced from CIMMYT to identify the best candidates for planting in acidic soil in Jasinga, Indonesia

Technological developments and climate change have affected crop planting strategies. For example, maize production has expanded to sub-optimal lands, including acidic soil common in areas like Indonesia. Breeding programs have created inbred lines of maize introduced from CIMMYT; they were tested locally in acidic soils to determine their adaptability and tolerance mechanisms. Breeds CLA 46 and NEI 9008 were found to be excellent candidates for acidic soil due to their ASI, high number of grains per year, and suitable dry seed weight.

Model Pengembangan Hunian Vertikal Menuju Pembangunan Perumahan Berkelanjutan

Vertical residential development in Depok city is one of the alternative strategies to meet the need of housing for people, especially low income people, decrease the backlog and optimizing the need of open green space. The research was purposed to create a model of the development of vertical residential for the sustainable of housing development and its impact to the housing development policy for the low income people. The methods used to analyze the data were descriptive analysis, statistical analysis, financial analysis, input-output (I-O) analysis and dynamic system analysis. The result of the research showed that people in Depok city had great interest in having vertical residential, however the affordability of low income people, were still low. To increase the people’s purchasing power, participation of the government is greatly necessary especially in form of incentive and housing subsidy. Housing development also resulted in multiplier effects for the development of Depok city and its surrounding area, such as the high supply of housing, increasing of people income, and the higher absorption level of manpower related the housing development. The increasing number of shelters

KAJIAN GENETIK DAN SELEKSI GENOTIPE S5 KACANG HIJAU (Vigna radiata) MENUJU KULTIVAR BERDAYA HASIL TINGGI DAN SEREMPAK PANEN

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan studi genetik (pendugaan nilai heritabilitas, variabilitas genetik, dan korelasi genetik), dan untuk melakukan seleksi indeks menuju pengembangan kultivar berdaya hasil tinggi dan panen serempak. Tiga puluh empat genotipe kacang hijau ditanam dalam rancangan acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa buku total memiliki nilai duga heritabilitas tinggi, dua belas karater lainnya memiliki nilai duga heritabilitas sedang hingga rendah. Total buku menunjukkan variabilitas genetik luas. Tinggi tanaman, jumlah polong total, bobot polong, dan rasio bobot biji terhadap polong menunjukkan korelasi genetik yang kuat terhadap hasil, dengan koefisien korelasi genetik berturut-tutur sebesar 0.672, 0.455, 0.912, dan 0.680. Genotipe 8, 14, betet, 1, dan 24 menunjukkan nilai indeks seleksi yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan genotipe yang lain, dan karena itu genotipe tersebut direkomendasikan untuk pengembangan selanjutnya. Kata kunci: kacang hijau, studi genetik, seleksi indeks

Genetic Parameter Estimation on Upland Rice Agronomic Characters in Ultisols through Diallel Analysis

The possibility of horizontal gene transfer of plant genomic DNA and bacteria in the soil, particularly as this relates to the possible transfer of genes encoding antibiotic resistance, has been seen as hazard associated with genetically engineered plants. It is hypothesized that introduction of bacterial genes into the plant genome leads to a higher probability of gene transfer from plants to bacteria due to the presence of homologous sequences. Bollgard (BG) cotton was constructed through the introduction of cry1A(c) gene, encodes for insecticidal activity againts Lepidopteran pests, together with genes for spectinomycin/streptomycin resistant (aad) and kanamycin resistant (nptII), into the genome of a conventional cotton variety, Delta Pine (DP). The aim of this study were to evaluate the ability of naturally competent Acinetobacter calcoaceticus strain ADP1 to take up and integrate transgenic plant DNA based on homologous recombination under optimized laboratory condition, and to compare phyllosphere microbial population resistant to antibiotic on leaves of transgenic and nontransgenic plant. The results showed that transformation of ADP1 cells with Bollgard DNA was not detected on nitrocellulose membrane nor in sterile soil. Total phyllosphere bacterial population on leaves collected from one month after planting were 1.3 x 108 and 1.6 x 108 cfu/g leave fresh weight for BG and DP, respectively. Samples collected after three month contained 5.9 x 107 and 7.1 x 107 cfu/g leave fresh weight for BG and DP, respectively. This study also showed that there was no significant difference of phyllosphere bacterial population resistant to streptomycin and kanamycin on leaves of BG or DP samples collected from one or three month after planting.Diploid species of peanut (Arachis cardenasii) showed no symptoms of PStV infection when mechanically inoculated with PStV. Some introgression lines derived from A. cardenasii and A. hypogaea hybridization have been introduced to Indonesia. Evaluation of their adaptability and yield potential were necessary before pursuing further utilization of these introgression lines. The objectives of this research were to determine yield potential of the introgression lines of peanut in green house and field conditions and to evaluate incidence of PStV infection in the field. Peanut plants were grown in the green house and in the field according to standard procedures for raising peanut. Results of the experiments showed that growth and developmental characters of the tested lines were similar between field and green house grown plants. The introgression lines generally exhibited higher secondary branches and longer to flower and harvest as compared to peanut cv. Gajah and Kelinci. The NC-CS30 line was identfied as having higher yield and bigger seed size as compared to standard peanut cultivars (Gajah and Kelinci). Therefore, NC-CS30 germplasm may be further developed as commercial peanut cultivar or be used as donor for peanut breeding in Indonesia.

Pendugaan Parameter Genetika Karakter Agronomik Padi Gogo pada Tanah Ultisol melalui Analisis Dialel

An estimate of genetic parameters was made to study the types of gene action in rice. A half diallel analysis was performed among seven rice genotypes with different genetical backgrounds, i.e. Situgintung, Jatiluhur, Gajah Mungkur, B8503E-TB-9-0-3, Krowal, CT6510-24-1-3, IR 64, and its 21 progenies. This experimental material was arranged in a complete block design with four replications. All observed characters had highly significant genotypic differences. The genetic parameters were estimated following Hayman method. The simple model of additive-dominance was sufficiently detected through the absence of nonalellic interaction. Productive tillers exhibited partial dominance. Heritability in a narrow sense was high. There was a positive correlation between grain yield and the number of productive tillers.