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Agricultural research | 2015

Site-Specific Nutrient Management under Rice-Based Cropping Systems in Indo-Gangetic Plains: Yield, Profit and Apparent Nutrient Balance

Vinod K. Singh; Arvind K. Shukla; B. S. Dwivedi; Mahendra P. Singh; Kaushik Majumdar; Vinod Kumar; Rajendra P. Mishra; Meenu Rani; Susheel K. Singh

High fertilizer use efficiency in rice (Oryza sativa L.)-based cropping systems in Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) is not achieved because farmers’ fertilizer practices (FFP) and blanket state recommendations (BSR) do not take into account the site-specific variability of nutrient availability in the soil. We evaluated the site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) option against existing FFP, blanket state recommendation (BSR), improved BSR (IBSR i.e., 25xa0% higher than BSR), and state soil testing laboratory recommendation (STLR) in six pre-dominant rice-based cropping systems namely wheat–rice (W–R), mustard–rice (M–R), potato–rice (P–R), garlic–rice (G–R), chickpea–rice (C–R) and berseem fodder–rice (B–R) in terms of yield gain, economics, nutrient harvest index, soil fertility, and apparent nutrient balances. System rice equivalent yield (SREY) improved by 15.7, 9.5, 13.9 and 30xa0%, in SSNM over BSR, IBSR, STLR and FFP, respectively. SSNM involved additional cost of ₹ 2940–5291xa0ha−1 over BSR and ₹ 5492–10120xa0ha−1 over FFP under different cropping systems but contributed higher added net return of ₹ 23236–75056xa0ha−1 and ₹ 39577–143899xa0ha−1 over BSR and FFP, respectively. The output: input ratio and nutrient harvest index for N, P, K were also highest in SSNM. At the end of the experiment, soil available N, Olsen-P and available K content were either maintained or improved over their initial values in SSNM treatments, whereas soil available K in FFP declined by −1.65xa0% and increased over initial content in BSR and STLR in 0–15xa0cm soil profile depth. After three crop cycles, apparent N and P balances were positive in all the cropping systems and fertilizer treatments; only exception was a negative N balance in C–R and B–R systems in different fertilizer treatments. The apparent K balances were negative in all the cropping systems irrespective of nutrient management options. But, the magnitude of negative balance was lower in plots received SSNM treatment as compared to other nutrient management strategies, indicating a potential for improving yields, nutrient use efficiency and farm profit without deteriorating soil fertility in different rice based systems in IGP.


The Journal of Agricultural Science | 2014

Long-term yield variability and detection of site-specific climate-smart nutrient management practices for rice–wheat systems: an empirical approach

N. Subash; Babooji Gangwar; Susheel K. Singh; A. K. Koshal; Vinod Kumar

Identification of climate-smart nutrient management practices will overcome the ill effects of extreme climate variability on agricultural production under projected climate change scenarios. The rice–wheat cropping system is the major system used in India: using long-term yield data from Integrated Nutrient Management experiments on this system, the present study analysed trends in weather parameters and grain yield under different nutrient management practices. Twelve treatments with different combinations of inorganic (chemical fertilizer) and organic (farmyard manure (FYM), green manure (GM) and crop residue) sources of nutrients were compared with farmers’ conventional practices. A significant increasing trend was noticed for rainfall during the rice season at Kalyani and Navsari, of the order of 137·7 and 154·2xa0mm/decade, respectively. The highest increase in maximum temperature was seen at Palampur (1·62xa0°C/decade) followed by Ludhiana (1·14xa0°C/decade). At all the sites except Ludhiana and Kanpur, the yield of the rice–wheat system showed an increasing trend ranging from 0·08xa0t/ha/year in Jabalpur to 0·011xa0t/ha/year in Navsari, under the recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer application. A significant decreasing trend of 0·055xa0t/ha was found in Ludhiana. For most of the sites, a combination of half the recommended dose of inorganic fertilizer and either FYM or GM to provide the remainder of the N required was sufficient to maintain productivity. The top three climate-resilient integrated nutrient management practices were identified for all the study sites. Thus, the present study highlights the adaptive capacity of different integrated nutrient management practices to rainfall and temperature extremes under rice–wheat cropping system in distinctive agro-ecological zones of India.


Agricultural research | 2015

Status of Available Sulfur in Soils of North-Western Indo-Gangetic Plain and Western Himalayan region and Responses of Rice and Wheat to Applied Sulfur in Farmer’s Fields

Vinod K. Singh; B. S. Dwivedi; Arvind K. Shukla; Vinod Kumar; Babooji Gangwar; Meenu Rani; Susheel K. Singh; Rajendra P. Mishra

Widespread nutrient deficiencies have emerged as the major soil-related constraints, with sulfur (S) being one among them, for sustaining rice–wheat productivity in many parts of the north-western Indo-Gangetic Plain (IGP) and the Western Himalayan region (WHR). Therefore, soils from different agricultural development blocks (ADBs) of Meerut and Jyotiba Phule Nagar (J.P. Nagar) Districts in the Upper Gangetic Plain (UGP) zone, Sonipat, and Panipat Districts in Trans-Gangetic Plain (TGP) zone, and New Tehri District in Garhwal zone of WHR were analyzed for their available S-status. Farmers’ fertilizer management practices revealed that fertilizer use was highly unbalanced, and use of S fertilizers was generally negligible. Deficiencies of S were noticed in 19–47xa0% of the soil samples. On-farm experiments at these sites showed that rice (Oryza sativa L.) yields improved by 0.84–1.90xa0txa0ha−1 with the additions of 30–45xa0kgxa0Sxa0ha−1 on S-deficient soils of IGPs, whereas the crop response varied from 1.16 to 1.39xa0txa0ha−1 on WHR soils. Also, the residual effect of 30–45xa0kgxa0Sxa0ha−1 was noticed in succeeding wheat (Trititicum aestivum L.). Averaged over S rates, 37–49xa0% of the applied S was recovered in the system at different locations. Skipping S application decreased the available S content of the soils (0.6–2.4xa0mgxa0kg−1) compared with initial content. Substantial yield gain and economic returns due to the use of S suggested for inclusion of S in the fertilizer schedules for these soils.


Archive | 2017

Strength of Microbes in Nutrient Cycling: A Key to Soil Health

Nisha Sahu; Duraisamy Vasu; Asha Sahu; Narayan Lal; Susheel K. Singh

Nowadays, due to continuous degradation in soil quality, a healthy soil system is the result of a complex network of physical, chemical, and biological soil quality indicators. Healthy soils provide a balance between the needs of both farmers and community. Soil organic matter (SOM) helps to sustain the soil health as well as its quality, inactivate toxic compounds, suppress pathogens, and protect environmental sustainability. It implies interactions among the soil’s internal and external components for the sustainable food production system. The efficient soil microbes play an important role, since they are responsible to drive various biological transformations and different pools of carbon (C) and macro- and micronutrients, which facilitate the subsequent establishment of soil-plant-microbe interaction. The diversity of microbes in soil system is enormous. This article emphasizes the role of microbes for soil health through the decomposition of SOM present in soil system. Toward the global knowledge of soil microbial dynamics, its function is increasing rapidly, but the knowledge of rhizospheric complex is limited, despite of their importance in regulating soil-plant systems.


Soil & Tillage Research | 2016

Soil physical properties, yield trends and economics after five years of conservation agriculture based rice-maize system in north-western India

Vinod K. Singh; Yadvinder-Singh; B. S. Dwivedi; Susheel K. Singh; Kaushik Majumdar; M.L. Jat; Rajendra P. Mishra; Meenu Rani


Agronomy Journal | 2013

Potassium Fertilization in Rice-Wheat System across Northern India: Crop Performance and Soil Nutrients

Vinod K. Singh; B. S. Dwivedi; Roland J. Buresh; M.L. Jat; Kaushik Majumdar; Babooji Gangwar; Vidhi Govil; Susheel K. Singh


Field Crops Research | 2014

Optimizing nutrient management strategies for rice-wheat system in the Indo-Gangetic Plains of India and adjacent region for higher productivity, nutrient use efficiency and profits

Vinod K. Singh; B. S. Dwivedi; K.N. Tiwari; Kaushik Majumdar; Meenu Rani; Susheel K. Singh; J. Timsina


Soil & Tillage Research | 2017

Assessment of spatial variability of soil properties using geospatial techniques for farm level nutrient management

Duraisamy Vasu; Susheel K. Singh; Nisha Sahu; Pramod Tiwary; P. Chandran; Veppangadu Perumal Duraisami; V. Ramamurthy; M. Lalitha; B. Kalaiselvi


Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences | 2015

Effect of site-specific nutrient management on yield, profit and apparent nutrient balance under pre-dominant cropping systems of Upper Gangetic Plains

Vinod K. Singh; Arvind K. Shukla; M P Singh; Kaushik Majumdar; Rajendra P. Mishra; Meenu Rani; Susheel K. Singh


Soil Use and Management | 2015

Soil organic carbon stock variability in the Northern Gangetic Plains of India: interaction between agro‐ecological characteristics and cropping systems

Vinod K. Singh; Meenu Rani; B. S. Dwivedi; Susheel K. Singh; V. K. Gupta; K. Majumdar; Rajendra P. Mishra

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Vinod K. Singh

Indian Council of Agricultural Research

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B. S. Dwivedi

Indian Agricultural Research Institute

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Meenu Rani

Indian Council of Agricultural Research

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Rajendra P. Mishra

Indian Council of Agricultural Research

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Arvind K. Shukla

Indian Institute of Soil Science

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Babooji Gangwar

Indian Council of Agricultural Research

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Vinod Kumar

Indian Institute of Technology Delhi

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M.L. Jat

International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center

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Duraisamy Vasu

Indian Council of Agricultural Research

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Nisha Sahu

Indian Council of Agricultural Research

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