T. Hattori

Acute terminal ileitis and yersinia enterocolitica infection

SummaryDiarrhea, moderate to high fever and pain in the RLQ associated with a tender mass or swelling of the terminal ileum arouse suspicion of acute terminal ileitis. Will diagnostic of the disease be laboratory data compatible with acute inflammatory disease and radiological findings of the terminal ileum, i.e., thickening of mucosal folds, round filling defects on the mucosa indicative of swelling of lymphoid tissue and fine irregularities of the margin without narrowing of the lumen. Yersinia infection was demonstrated in 7 of 10 patients whose stool and/or serum were examined. Yersinia enterocolitica was found to be an important causative agent of acute terminal ileitis. Its detection will be useful for differentiating the disease from acute stage of Crohn’s disease.

Preparation and catalytic behavior of CeO2 nanoparticles on Al2O3 crystal

In this work, we examined the preparation, morphology, and catalytic behavior of CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) on Al2O3(0001) crystal substrates. A CeO2 NP layer was prepared by the dipping method using a CeO2 nanocrystal colloid solution. Even after heat treatment at 1000 °C, the CeO2 NP layer maintained the granular morphology of CeO2 with a grain diameter of less than 40 nm. CeO2 NPs on an Al2O3 crystal showed higher oxidation activity for gaseous hydrogen at moderate temperatures and enhanced oxygen release properties of CeO2, compared with CeO2 powder. This was due to the highly dispersed CeO2 NPs and the interaction between CeO2 NPs and Al2O3; this clarified the importance of the Al2O3 support for the CeO2 catalyst.

Deposition of CeO2 nanoparticle layer on Al2O3 (0001), LaAlO3 (001), and Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 (001) substrates from colloidal toluene solution

CeO2 nanoparticle (NP) layers on Al2O3 (0001), LaAlO3 (001), and Y2O3-stabilized ZrO2 (YSZ) (001) substrates were prepared from colloidal toluene solution. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) indicated that isolated CeO2 NPs of less than ca. 40 nm diameter were formed on YSZ, and the thin CeO2 NP layers maintained the granular surface morphology of CeO2 even after heat treatment at 1000 ?C. The surface charges (zeta potentials) of crystal substrates were evaluated and it was found that they depended on the kind of substrates before and after the deposition of CeO2 NP layers. The experimental and theoretical results suggested that the control of thickness was determined by the surface potential of the substrate, when well-dispersed NP colloids in a nonpolar solution were used for film formation.

Size effect of Raman scattering on CeO2 nanocrystal by hydrothermal method

In this study, we prepared surface-modified CeO2 nanocrystals (NCs) by a hydrothermal method, and calcined CeO2 NCs at various temperatures between 400 and 1000 °C for 3 h in air to obtain crystal-size-controlled CeO2 NCs. We investigated the correlation between the Raman spectra and the crystal sizes of the CeO2 powder. The peak position of the F2g mode of CeO2 was shifted to lower energies as the crystal size decreased and the peak broadened. The present hydrothermally driven CeO2 NCs showed no change in lattice constant depending on crystal size after heat treatment. The Raman peak position of the F2g mode as a function of inverse CeO2 crystal size corresponded to the models for phonon confinement without the combination of strain and defect effects. Moreover, it was also suggested that the Raman peak width of CeO2 NCs without strain also showed dependence on particle size.

A New Approach to Scientific Computing with JavaSpace

JavaSpace is a new technology that provides a simple mechanism for distributed computing. It is expected that CFD will have some merits by using various features of JavaSpace, such as transaction mechanism, distributed events, and leases. We discuss JavaSpace’s features and a new idea of CFD based on JavaSpace.

Experimental gastroduodenal ulcer induced by synthesized tetragastrin in rats. (VI)

ConclusionsMost case of gastrin induced ulcers were observed predominantly in duodeuum and, therefore, especially in duodenal ulcer the role of gastroduodenal motility may be not evident as a causative factor.

The finding of FDS, especially of descending duodenum

The endoscopy for the digestive tract has achieved marked advance in these days, permitting to carry out the direct visual observation and the biopsy at almost every site of the whole canal. In the duodenum, it is possible even to take the backward Vr However, most of these techniques have been applied to the morphological examination, giving little consideration to the functional or physiological aspects. The authors have developed a new technique for the functional examination of the Vaters papilla and its surroundigns, by recording, under the direct visual control, the smooth muscle electromyogram with a pair of electrodes atached to its tip and grounding wire and lead wires sealed within, inserted through the forceps channel of the duodenoscope. As the electrode, a silver wire coated with silverchloride of 0.3 mm diameter and 5 mm lentgh was soldered to an enamel-coated wire of diameter approximately 0.3 mm. A pair of such electrodes were fixed in parallel at a space of 0.5 mm and sealed in a vinyl tube of 2 mm diameter. The bioelectrical signals picked up by this electrode were fed into a recorder. For the pretreatment, the mucosa was anesthetized with xylocaine and buscopan. After the insertion of F. D. S. and the application of electrodes, the state of reduced noises and stabilization was considered as the reference, and the drug reaction was checked with buscopan, morphine chloride, and atropine, which had been previously evaluated. Among 30 cases examined, the duration of discharge, the number of discharge bursts and the number of discharges in a burst were measured in two cases each derived from the papilla and a point approximately 1 cm away from it and a case of choledocholithiasis. The result of drug reaction was in accord with the general property of smooth muscle electromyogram, since morphine augmented the discharge activity of Oddis sphincter. The present method of E. M. G. lead will supposedly provide a stride beyond the existing technique for electromyogram study of the human smooth muscles in which the lead electrode was positioned surgically or radiographically.

On the gastrotrophic action of gastrin tetrapeptide

ConclusionThe hyperplasia of parietal cell occurs by continuous administration of gastrin suspended by 16% gelatin. The gastrone and secretin inhibit the gastrotrophic action of gastrin tetrapeptide.

The thermometry of gastric mucosa

related to the fa te of any bleeding gas t r ic lesion, the re fo re knowing the c h a n g e in the gas t r ic blood flow which occurs wi th gas t r ic b leeding or wi th blood t r an s fu s s ion is cl inically wor thwhi le . In th is regard , an e x p e r i m e n t a l s t udy was conduc t ed in the dogs. Blood in the a m o u n t equ iva len t to 3.0% of the body weight was d r a w n f rom a b r anch of the left gas t r ic a r te ry and t h e n th is blood was t r a n s f u s e d into the s a m e dog. D u r i n g these procedures , the blood flow of the left gastroepiploic a r t e ry was m e a s u r e d by an e l ec t romagne t i c flow me te r and the f emora l a r te r ia l p res su re was checked as well. As resul t , a t r end was observed t ha t the ra te of gas t r ic blood flow s l ight ly inc reases du r ing and af te r (1 hour) gas t r i c b leeding and t ha t it t h e n keeps gross ly c o n s t a n t du r ing and af ter (1 hour) blood t r an s fu s i on . T h u s , it is unl ike ly tha t gas t r ic b leeding m i g h t r educe the func t iona l act ivi ty of the s t o m a c h or tha t blood t r a n s f u s i o n m i g h t p romote the gas t r ic blood flow and cause r ecu r rence of gas t r ic b leeding.

Clinical study on gastric acid and pepsin relation between caffeine and gastrin method

Male albumino rats, weighing between 200 and 400 g, were fasted for 48 hours and divided into two groups. A group of rats were anesthet ized with ure thane and another group were given stress by confinement. Stomach was drained with a canula and perfused with saline at a cons tant flow rate. The fluid was collected every 30 minites. Gastrin was given by a continuous intravenous infusion at a rate between 5 and 160 microgram/kg/hr for 24 hours. Secretion of gastric acid at a cons tant rate was obtained at least for 24 hours in these conditions. In anesthetized rats, the acid secretion in response to gastr in increased with increasing doses of gastr in from 5 to 40 microgram/kg/hr . Maximal response was produced by 40 microgram/kg/hr and followed by a decline of the secretion with fur ther increase in the dose of gastr in f rom 40 to 100 microgram, After minimal response to gastr in was obtained, the acid secretion increased again with increasing doses from 100 to 160 microgram/kg/hr . Thus , two phases of st imulation, the initial and the late phase, were obtained in the dose-response curve, and the response to gastr in 160 microgram/kg/hr was almost the same as the response to gastr in 40 microgram/kg/hr . Ulcerative lesions in the gastric mucosal membrane were reported previously by us in the rats following infusion of large amount of gastr in. These lesions seem to have relation to the increase in the output of gastric acid in the late phase of the dose response curve in the present experiment. In the s tress group, the basal secretion of gastric acid was higher than in the anesthetized group. Maximal response was obtained by gastr in at a dose between 20 and 40 microgram/kg/hr . The acid output at the maximal response was almost the same in the anesthetized group. The high level of acid output in the stress group with 0 and submaximal doses of gastr in mus t be due to the endogenous gastr in secretion caused by nervous st imulation.