T. Hauet

Beneficial effects of a low-potassium+ and polyethylene glycol solution on renal function and structure during 48-hour cold storage preservation

Abstract ALTHOUGH the success of the first cold storage solution was attributed to its intracellular composition with low sodium and high potassium,1,2 the importance of impermeant agents has been shown and the potential deleterious effects of high potassium solutions have been suggested.3–5

Ischemia-reperfusion injury is associated with inflammatory cell infiltration: evaluation in a pig kidney autotransplant model.

DAMAGE sustained by the allograft during the process of transplantation has been shown to be influenced by cold ischemia-reperfusion injury, which is one of the principal “antigen-independent” factors. A previous study demonstrated that tissue injury occurs within isografts as compared to allografts, in the absence of alloantigen stimulation. In a rat model, a recent report suggests that molecules involved in T-cell costimulation may play a key role in ischemia-reperfusion in the kidney, independent of any alloimmune stimuli. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the length of cold ischemic time in an autotransplant pig kidney model on delayed graft function and inflammatory cell infiltration.

Proton NMR spectroscopy as a novel approach to the monitoring of citrate and trimethylamine-N-oxide excretion after kidney preservation

Abstract HIGH resolution protin nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy can be used for the rapid multicomponent analysis of low molecular weight metabolites in biologic fluids such as plasma and urine. Citrate (Cit) is an organic acid normally found in human urine. Reduced urinary Cit excretion has been described in HgCl 2 and p -aminophenol intoxication. 1 The mechanism is impairment of the Krebs cycle. Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is an osmolyte molecule synthesized in the medullar cells of the kidney. 2 In plasma and urine, TMAO is not usually detected. Its excretion may be related to leakage from the renal medulla cells after intense medullar ischemia. The aim of this study was to assess Cit and TMAO excretion after prolonged cold storage (CS) with two standard solutions. These markers are precisely detected by proton NMR spectroscopy.

Evaluation of renal medulla injury after cold preservation and transplantation: noninvasive determination of medullar damage by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of urine and plasma ☆

PRIMARY and early allograft dysfunction remains a challenge for the nephrologist. Usually, the assessment of renal graft dysfunction following transplantation is based on nonspecific measurement of renal function or an invasive method such as transplant biopsy. A rapid diagnosis is necessary because a delay in treating early rejection deteriorates the prognosis of the allograft function. In addition, the antirejection treatment based on a mere clinical diagnosis of rejection could improve delayed graft function caused by acute tubular necrosis or cyclosporine damage through possible side effects of antirejection treatment. In the present study, we wanted to assess whether proton nuclear magnetic resonance (HNMR) spectroscopy can detect ischemic damage and predict acute tubular necrosis after pig kidney preservation in two preservation solutions (Euro-Collins: EC and University of Wisconsin: UW).

Sacrococcygeal and transsacral epidural anesthesia in the laboratory pig: a model for experimental surgery

The laboratory piglet is currently the preferred animal for experimental digestive surgery. In order to ensure optimal perioperative analgesic control with motor blockade during surgery together with rapid postoperative recovery, epidural anesthesia techniques were developed in this animal. We report the anatomo-radiologic studies (10 animals) and clinical experiments (51 transplantations of the liver and the small intestine) which led to the refinement of this anesthesia. In laboratory piglets, epidural anesthesia by distal transsacral (S4-S5) or sacrococcygeal approach is possible in a reproducible manner. The localization of the injection site is simple and epidural space catheterisation is easy without risk for the dural sac which ends at S1-S2.

Comparison of Euro-Collins and university of wisconsin solutions in the isolated perfused rat liver model: evaluation by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy.

PRIMARY dysfunction or nonfunction of liver graft is still an important problem in liver transplantation despite surgical progress. The determination of new markers of graft viability and metabolic activities seems to be an important challenge to assess the early graft function. Proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMRp) has previously demonstrated its interest in the evaluation of renal allograft dysfunction after ischemia reperfusion in isolated perfused pig kidney. For the kidney, NMRp study determines specific markers of function like TMAO and citrate. The aim of this study was to assess liver graft function in an isolated perfused rat liver model after 24 hours of preservation in Euro-Collins (EC) or University of Wisconsin (UW) solution.

Beneficial effect on rat kidney preservation of the antiischemic agent trimetazidine during cold storage and reperfusion: Assessment by 31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy

Abstract IN RENAL transplantation, delayed graft function remains a major problem and increases the posttransplant morbidity and hospital costs. Trimetazidine (TMZ), an antiischemic drug, was introduced several years ago and used as an antianginal agent whose main effect is to be devoid of hemodynamic effects. TMZ is a cytoprotective drug that counteracts the metabolic disorders occurring at the level of ischemic cells. Several experimental results have suggested direct actions of the drug on mitochondrial function, intracellular acidosis, and calcium intracellular accumulation. 1,2 The aim of this study was to assess beneficial effect of TMZ during cold storage (CS) with Euro-Collins solution (EC) and normothermic reperfusion on energetic status of the kidneys.

The pectineal ligament: anatomical study and surgical applications.

The aim of this study was to reinforce the importance of the pectineal ligament in laparoscopic surgery for groin hernia and female urinary incontinence, particularly its anatomical importance in the myopectineal region. A morphologic study was conducted on 44 pectineal ligaments from 23 embalmed and one fresh human cadavers, together with a radiological study on four volunteer patients. Anatomical and histological findings confirm the fact that the ligament of Cooper represents a thickening of the pectineal fascia rather than a thickening from the periosteum. The pectineal ligament provides a landmark in each approach, open or laparoscopic, anterior or posterior surgery.

Limitation of lipid peroxidation and renal medullary cell injury of the kidney after 48- and 72-hour cold storage in university of wisconsin solution: effect of trimetazidine ☆

ISCHEMIA-reperfusion injury after organ transplantation is a major cause of delayed graft function. The pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion injury are well correlated with alterations in mitochondrial function, namely, decrease in ATP synthesis, NAD(P)H level, and mitochondrial membrane potential and generation of mitochondrial permeability transition. A previous study has demonstrated that the pretreatment with trimetazidine (TMZ) prevented these ischemia-reperfusion deleterious effects at both the cellular and mitochondrial level. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of TMZ added to University of Wisconsin Solution (UW) during cold preservation in an isolated perfused pig kidney model against lipid peroxidation and renal medulla damage. After cold preservation (CP), kidneys were perfused as previously described.

Sacrococcygeal and transsacral epidural anesthesia in the laboratory pig: a model for experimental surgery@@@Anesthésie épidurale par voie sacrococcygienne et trans-sacrale chez le porc de laboratoire: un modèle pour la chirurgie expérimentale

SummaryThe laboratory piglet is currently the preferred animal for experimental digestive surgery. In order to ensure optimal perioperative analgesic control with motor blockade during surgery together with rapid postoperative recovery, epidural anesthesia techniques were developed in this animal. We report the anatomo-radiologic studies (10 animals) and clinical experiments (51 transplantations of the liver and the small intestine) which led to the refinement of this anesthesia. In laboratory piglets, epidural anesthesia by distal transsacral (S4–S5) or sacrococcygeal approach is possible in a reproducible manner. The localization of the injection site is simple and epidural space catheterisation is easy without risk for the dural sac which ends at S1–S2.RésuméLe porcelet de laboratoire devient lanimal préféré en chirurgie digestive expérimentale. Dans le but dassurer un contrôle analgésique périopératoire optimal avec un bloc moteur satisfaisant et la possibilité de réveiller rapidement lanimal à la fin de lintervention, des techniques danesthésie épidurale ont été développées. Nous rapportons les études anatomo-radiologiques (10 animaux) et cliniques (51 transplantations de foie et dintestin grêle) conduisant à la mise au point de cette anesthésie. Pour le porcelet de laboratoire, lanesthésie épidurale par un abord trans-sacral distal (S4–S5) ou sacro-coccygien est possible de façon reproductible. La localisation du site dinjection est simple et le catéthérisme de lespace épidural est aisé, sans risque pour le cul-de-sac dural qui se termine au niveau de S1–S2.