Tadayuki Yanagi Junior

Sistema fuzzy para predição do desempenho produtivo de frangos de corte de 1 a 21 dias de idade

Um sistema de inferencia fuzzy foi desenvolvido baseado em dados da literatura para predicao do consumo de racao, ganho de peso e conversao alimentar de frangos de corte com idade variando de 1 a 21, dias submetidos a diferentes condicoes termicas. O sistema fuzzy foi estruturado com base em tres variaveis de entrada: idade das aves (semanas), temperatura (°C) e umidade relativa (%) ambientes, sendo que as variaveis de saida consideradas foram: ganho de peso, consumo de racao e conversao alimentar. A inferencia foi realizada por meio do metodo de Mamdani, que consistiu na elaboracao de 45 regras e a defuzzificacao por meio do metodo do Centro de Gravidade. Com base nos resultados, ao se compararem os dados da literatura com os obtidos pelo sistema fuzzy proposto, verificou-se desempenho satisfatorio na predicao das variaveis respostas, com R² da ordem de 0,995; 0,998 e 0,976, respectivamente. O ganho de peso predito pela logica fuzzy foi validado com dados experimentais de campo, no qual se obteve R² = 0,975, apresentando grande potencial de uso em sistemas de climatizacao automatizado.

Avaliação do bem-estar de frangos de corte em dois galpões comerciais climatizados

The main goal of this study was to evaluate the environmental conditions inside two commercial broiler houses equipped with different cooling systems: wet cellulose pads associated with misting (SRPN) and wet black screen pads associated with misting (SRSN). In the studied broiler houses, located in Itaberai, Goias, Brazil, four thermal variables (temperature, black globe temperature and humidity indices, thermal radiation load and enthalpy), three physiological responses (rectal temperature, skin temperature and respiration frequency), and three productivity performance indexes (weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion) for broiler chickens were evaluated. The results indicate that the evaluated systems were not sufficient to promote thermal comfort conditions for the birds and in general, no significant statistical difference was noticed between the performances of the birds raised in the two broiler houses. The mortality rate in the SRSN system was 15% higher than in the SRPN system, however, both are lower than those suggested for the birds under study.

Procedimento fuzzy aplicado à avaliação da insalubridade em atividades agrícolas

Diante do alto grau de mecanizacao a que as atividades agricolas estao sendo submetidas, objetivou-se, com esta pesquisa, desenvolver um modelo fuzzy capaz de avaliar e classificar o nivel de insalubridade em diversos ambientes de trabalho. O modelo desenvolvido tem como variaveis de entrada: o indice de bulbo umido e temperatura de globo (IBUTG, °C), o nivel de ruido (dBA), a taxa de metabolismo (W m-2) e o tempo de descanso (%) e, como variavel de saida, o indice de bem-estar humano (IBEH). O metodo de inferencia utilizado foi o de Mandani e, na defuzificacao, utilizou-se o metodo do centro de gravidade. O sistema de regras foi desenvolvido com base nas combinacoes das variaveis de entrada. Foram definidas 400 regras com pesos iguais a 1, sendo que, na elaboracao das regras, um especialista da area foi consultado. Foram utilizados dados de campo visando a testar o sistema desenvolvido, e os resultados mostraram que a modelagem proposta e uma ferramenta promissora na determinacao do IBEH, apresentando tempo de descanso ideal variando de 64,2% (motosserra, proximo ao ouvido do operador) ate 25% (derricadora, 20 m de distância do operador), sendo que, diante de um cenario predefinido do ambiente termico e acustico, foi possivel determinar o grau de bem-estar humano e o tempo de descanso ideal para cada equipamento avaliado.

Caracterização espacial do ambiente termoacústico e de iluminância em galpão comercial para criação de frangos de corte

The goal of this study was to evaluate and map the thermo-acoustic and the luminance variables inside of a commercial broiler chicken house equipped with conventional ventilation and misting system. Hybro breed broiler chickens were lodged in three regions (refuse, female and male), at a density of approximately 20 birds m-2. The productive environment was evaluated by the black-globe humidity index, relative humidity, air velocity, noise level and luminance. Spatial distribution maps of these variables were generated inside the broiler house using the kriging method. Based on the results, it was concluded that, in general, broiler chickens were subjected to inadequate environmental conditions during the hottest period of the day; however, the exploration potential for using evaporative cooling systems was verified. The spatial profile of the variables related to the productive environment provide for the attainment of more detailed information about the studied system.

Zoneamento bioclimático da região sudeste do Brasil para o conforto térmico animal e humano

The main goal of this study was to evaluate the Southeastern Brazilian climate conditions through temperature-humidity index (THI) and to present a bioclimatic mapping relating to animal and human thermal comfort. The THI values were estimated by air-temperature and relative humidity for a period from 1980 to 2000. Four intervals of THI were used to classify human performance (THI 84: extremely hot) and two intervals to classify animal production (79 84: emergency). The results showed higher risk of thermal discomfort in the period from October to April, comparing to the period between May and September. The worst period was the one between December and March. Although it was observed that THIaverage values among 79 and 83 occurred in less than 3.6% of the time, humans as well as animals could suffer some amount of thermal stress during the hottest period of the day, affecting negatively both animal production and human comfort. THI greater than 84 was not verified on the Southern Brazilian region.

Development and validation of a model to compute the surface area of broiler chickens

Surface area (As) of poultry is an important input parameter in heat and mass transfer calculation; thus, it was aimed with the present work to develop and to validate an empirical model to estimate the broiler chickens surface area. Eighty four Ross broiler chickens were used in this research, thirty seven male and forty seven female, with body masses during all growth phase. In the laboratory, each randomly selected chicken had its dimensions (length, width and height) and body mass evaluated. The chicken skin with feathers was taken off to determine As. Portion of the data was used to fit the equation to estimate the surface area and another portion was used to validate it. Results showed that the empirical equation to determine As was statically significant (P 0.05).

Ambiente térmico no interior de modelos de galpões avícolas em escala reduzida com ventilação natural e artificial dos telhados

The goal of the present work was to evaluate the thermal environment inside physical models of broiler housings built in reduced scale (1:10). The thermal comfort was evaluated through the Black Globe Humidity Index (BGHI), Thermal Heat Load (THL) and effectiveness of the roofs in reducing the BGHI in relation to roofs built with aluminum tiles (e). Four models built with ceramic tiles and equipped with natural or forced ventilation were compared to two models built with ceramic and aluminum tiles, respectively, without ridge vent. It was concluded that the roofs with forced (B30CVF) and natural (B30CVN) ventilation chamber provided better thermal environments inside the reduced models, in which the last has the advantage of not requesting electric power source.

Mapping of potential use of evaporative cooling systems in Southeastern Brazil

In present research the potential use of evaporative cooling systems (ECS) associated to tunnel ventilation system (TVS) for broiler reared in Southeastern Brazil was studied. Four configuration systems were tested: (a) TVS, (b) TVS associated to a pad cooling system with 40% efficiency (TVSPAD40), (c) TVS associated to a pad cooling system with 70% efficiency (TVSPAD70) and (d) TVSPAD70 associated to a misting system (TVSPAD70+MIST). Thermal environment was characterized by temperature-humidity index, and the chicken performance was estimated by daily feed intake, daily weight gain and feed conversion. Climatic data from 1980 to 2001, released through Reanalysis-2 Project from NCEP/NCAR were used in this research. The benefitial effect of the use of ECS with TVSPAD70+MIST for providing better production condition was verified, especially during September and October for almost all the southeastern region, mainly in northern and northwestern part of the Minas Gerais State.

Prediction of free-stall occupancy rate in dairycattle barns through fuzzy sets

The goal of this study was to develop a fuzzy model to predict the occupancy rate of free-stalls facilities of dairy cattle, aiding to optimize the design of projects. The following input variables were defined for the development of the fuzzy system: dry bulb temperature (Tdb, °C), wet bulb temperature (Twb, °C) and black globe temperature (Tbg, °C). Based on the input variables, the fuzzy system predicts the occupancy rate (OR, %) of dairy cattle in free-stall barns. For the model validation, data collecting were conducted on the facilities of the Intensive System of Milk Production (SIPL), in the Dairy Cattle National Research Center (CNPGL) of Embrapa. The OR values, estimated by the fuzzy system, presented values of average standard deviation of 3.93%, indicating low rate of errors in the simulation. Simulated and measured results were statistically equal (P>0.05, t Test). After validating the proposed model, the average percentage of correct answers for the simulated data was 89.7%. Therefore, the fuzzy system developed for the occupancy rate prediction of free-stalls facilities for dairy cattle allowed a realistic prediction of stalls occupancy rate, allowing the planning and design of free-stall barns.

Technical evaluation of artificial ligthing systems for broiler houses

A distribuicao espacial das iluminâncias e o consumo de energia eletrica do sistema de iluminacao artificial constituem um dos principais problemas relacionados a producao de frangos de corte. Portanto, objetivou-se com o presente trabalho avaliar a distribuicao espacial do nivel de iluminância e a eficiencia energetica de diferentes sistemas de iluminacao para galpoes para criacao de frangos de corte. Seis tipos de lâmpadas foram testados em duas configuracoes diferentes para atender as iluminâncias minimas de 20 e 5 lux. As lâmpadas testadas foram a incandescente (LI) de 100 W, fluorescente compacta (LFC) de 34 W, mista (LM) de 160 W, vapor de sodio (LVS) de 70 W, fluorescente tubular T8 (LFT T8) de 40 W e fluorescente tubular T5 (LFT T5) de 28 W. As quatro primeiras foram avaliadas sem e com luminaria reflexiva tipo prato, e as duas ultimas apenas sem luminaria. Para os sistemas testados, verificou-se que o uso de luminarias afetou negativamente a distribuicao espacial das iluminâncias no interior do galpao. Os sistemas compostos por LI e LM, sem luminaria, propiciaram melhores resultados para se atenderem as iluminâncias minimas de 20 lux e 5 lux, respectivamente. A LFT T5 apresentou os menores valores de demanda de energia.