Takamichi Tamura

Removal of phosphate by aluminum oxide hydroxide

The development and manufacture of an adsorbent to remove phosphate ion for the prevention of eutrophication in lakes are very important. The characteristics of phosphate adsorption onto aluminum oxide hydroxide were investigated to estimate the adsorption isotherms, the rate of adsorption, and the selectivity of adsorption. Phosphate was easily adsorbed onto aluminum oxide hydroxide, because of the hydroxyl groups. The adsorption of phosphate onto aluminum oxide hydroxide was influenced by pH in solution: the amount adsorbed was greatest at pH 4, ranging with pH from 2 to 9. The optimum pH for phosphate removal by aluminum oxide hydroxide is 4. The selectivity of phosphate adsorption onto aluminum oxide hydroxide was evaluated based on the amount of phosphate ion adsorbed onto aluminum oxide hydroxide from several anion complex solutions. It is phosphate that aluminum oxide hydroxide can selectively adsorb. The selectivity of phosphate onto aluminum oxide hydroxide was about 7000 times that of chloride. This result indicated that the hydroxyl groups on aluminum oxide hydroxide have selective adsorptivity for phosphate and could be used for the removal of phosphate from seawater.

Bleaching of alkali-refined vegetable oils with clay minerals

Bleaching efficiencies of bentonites, montmorillonites and sepiolites for alkali-refined rapesseed, soybean, wheatgerm, safflower, corn, cottonseed and sunflower oils were investigated by a batch method at 110°C. The sepiolites with more acid sites at −5.6 < Ho ≥ −3.0 were the most effective in bleaching of each alkali-refined oil. Surface area and acidity at −5.6>Ho ≥ −3.0 were highly significant with bleaching efficiency. The sepiolites (numbers 2 and 3) were more suitable than standard activated clay because they were more effective both in retaining tocopherols and in reducing free fatty acids after bleaching.

Decolorization of Indigo Carmine by Charcoal from Extracted Residue of Coffee Beans

Abstract The adsorption ability of charcoal from extracted residue of coffee beans for indigo carmine removal was investigated by the batch method. Differences in the removal ratio and removal rate of indigo carmine could be explained by differences in the properties of charcoal. In the relationship between the amount of indigo carmine adsorbed and the square root of elapsed time, a good linearity was recognized. Since the relationship between the amount of indigo carmine adsorbed and square root of elapsed time showed a good linearity, the intraparticle diffusion of indigo carmine onto pores of adsorbents was identified as the rate-limiting step in the adsorption process.

A rapid and simple method for sex identification by heteroduplex analysis, using denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC)

AbstractA novel method for sex identification, using a denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) system, is described. Among many methods for identifying sex, the most popular and credible system has been the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, using nucleotide primer sets of the amelogenin gene, which is shared on both the X and Y chromosomes. With this conventional method, the judgment depends on detection of the size difference between the PCR products derived from the X and Y chromosomes. In this study, we adopted DHPLC to detect the difference by checking heterodu-plex formation between the products, which enabled us to shorten the PCR products to 45 bp and the separation time to within a period of 8 min per sample. This new system may have wide applications in many different fields, such as forensic medicine, prenatal diagnosis, inbreeding of animals, and anthropology.

Adsorption of indigo carmine by activated carbon

Abstract Adsorption of indigo carmine as an acid dye onto activated carbon was studied in order to elucidate its adsorption behavior on the basis of amount adsorbed, pore size distribution, pH and basicity of activated carbon, and pH of filtrate. Activated carbon No.1 and No.4 were the preferable adsorbents for removing indigo carmine in the range of higher and lower equilibrium concentration, respectively. An approximately linear relationship existed between the pore volume with radius of less than 200 A and the amount adsorbed.

Study on the serum enzyme activity and nutrient intakes. Application of canonical correlation analysis.

The purpose of this study is to make clear a comprehensive relationship between two groups of serum enzyme activity and nutrient intakes. The first group of measurement include serum GOT, GPT, ALP activity and the second group of measurements include protein, fat, carbohydorate, vitamin A, B1, B2, C, animal protein, animal fat, age, and weight.These figures are taken from the epidemiological survey of Tokushima prefecture, including 252 males and 383 females, investigated from 1975 to 1980.Appling the canonical correlation analysis, we found the following results.1) In male, only two canonical correlations were statistically significant. The serum GOT and GPT activity related to body weight, further serum GOT activity was effected quality of food intakes.2) In Female, three canonical correlations were statistically significant. Both serum GOT and GPT activity related to protein intakes. High correlations were observed between serum GOT activty and vitamin B1, between serum GPT activity and vitamin C, between serum ALP activity and age.