Tanzer Eryilmaz

THERMOPHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CASTOR OIL (RICINUS COMMUNIS L.) BIODIESEL AND ITS BLENDS

espanolEn este estudio, se produjo biodiesel (metil eter) a partir de aceite de ricino (Ricinus communis L.) (CO, de sus siglas en ingles) utilizando hidroxido de sodio (NaOH) y metanol (CH3OH) a traves del metodo de transesterificacion en dos pasos. Se prepararon nueve mezclas diferentes (2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 75% dependiendo del volumen de la mezcla con biodiesel. Se estimaron los valores de densidad del Biodiesel de Aceite de Ricino (COB, de sus siglas en ingles) y sus mezclas en un rango de temperatura de 0 a 93°C en intervalos de 5°C y tambien se estimaron los valores de viscosidad cinematica de COB y sus mezclas dentro del rango temperatura comprendido entre 30 y 100°C en intervalos de 5°C. Los resultados mostraron que la densidad, la viscosidad cinematica, el valor calorifico, el punto de ignicion, pH, la corrosion de la franja de cobre y el contenido de agua del COB son 932.40 kg·m-3, 15.069 mm².s-1, 38.600 MJ·kg-1, 182°C, 7, 1a y 1067.7 mg.kg-1, respectivamente. La densidad y la viscosidad cinematica de las muestras de combustible disminuyen a medida que aumenta la temperatura; y tambien estas propiedades disminuyen como resultado del aumento en la cantidad de biodiesel en las mezclas. EnglishIn this study, biodiesel (methyl ester) was produced from Castor Oil (Ricinus communis L.) (CO) using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and methanol (CH3OH) by the two-step transesterification method. Nine different fuel blends (2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 and 75% by volume blending with diesel) were prepared. The density values of Castor Oil Biodiesel (COB) and its blends were measured at the temperature range from 0 to 93°C in steps of 5°C and the kinematic viscosity values of COB and its blends were measured at the temperature range from 30 to 100°C in the steps of 5°C. The results showed that the density, kinematic viscosity, calorific value, flash point, pH, copper strip corrosion and water content of COB are 932.40 kg·m-3, 15.069 mm².s-1, 38.600 MJ·kg-1, 182°C, 7, 1a and 1067.7 mg.kg-1, respectively. The density and kinematic viscosity of fuel samples decrease as temperature increases; and also these properties decrease as a result of the increase in the amount of diesel in the blends. portuguesNeste estudo, o biodiesel (metil eter) foi produzido a partir do oleo de ricino (Ricinus communis L.) (CO, por suas siglas em ingles) usando hidroxido de sodio (NaOH) e metanol (CH3OH) atraves de um metodo de transesterificacao de dois passos. Foram preparadas ate nove misturas de combustivel diferentes (2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 e 75% por volume de mistura com o diesel). Os valores de densidade do biodiesel de oleo de ricino (COB, por suas siglas em ingles) e as suas misturas foram calculados dentro do rango de temperatura de 0 a 93°C no passo de 5°C e os valores de viscosidade cinematica do COB e das misturas foram calculadas no rango de temperatura de 30 a 100°C no passo de 5°C. Os resultados demonstraron que a densidade, viscosidade cinematica, valor calorifico, ponto de fusao, PH, corrosao da faixa de cobre e conteudo de agua do COB eram de 932.40 kg·m-3, 15.069 mm².s-1, 38.600 MJ·kg-1, 182°C, 7, 1a e 1067.7 mg.kg-1, respectivamente. Os valores de densidade e viscosidade cinematica das amostras de combustivel diminuem na medida em que aumenta a temperatura; e tambem essas propriedades diminuem em decorrencia do aumento na quantidade de diesel nas misturas.

Application of response surface methodology for the optimization of biodiesel production from yellow mustard (Sinapis alba L.) seed oil

ABSTRACT In the present study, response surface methodology (RSM) involving central composite design (CCD) was applied to optimize the reaction parameters of biodiesel production from yellow mustard (Sinapis alba L.) seed oil during the single-step transesterification process. A total of 30 experiments were designed and performed to determine under the effects of variables on the biodiesel yield such as methanol to oil molar ratio (2:1–10:1), catalyst concentration (0.2–1.0 wt.% NaOH), reaction temperature (50–70°C), and reaction time (30–90 min). The second order polynomial model was used to predict the biodiesel yield and coefficient of determination (R2) was found to be at 0.9818. The optimum biodiesel yield was calculated as 96.695% from the model with the following reaction conditions: 7.41:1 of methanol to oil molar ratio, 0.63 wt. % NaOH of catalyst concentration, 61.84°C of reaction temperature, and 62.12 min of reaction time. It is seen that the regression model results were in agreement with the experimental data. The results showed that RSM is a suitable statistical technique for optimizing the reaction parameters in the transesterification process in order to maximize the biodiesel yield.