Taqueco Teruya Uchimura

Absenteísmo-doença da equipe de enfermagem em unidade de terapia intensiva

Este estudo objetivou investigar o absenteismo-doenca em uma UTI-Adulto. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritivo-exploratoria realizada com 56 trabalhadores de enfermagem que atuaram no setor em 2006. Calculou-se o indice de frequencia (fi) e a porcentagem de tempo perdido (Tp) do absenteismo-doenca. A maioria dos trabalhadores e do sexo feminino (76,8%), com 30 a 39 anos (42,9%), com vinculo estatutario (66,1%). A media de dias de trabalho perdida foi maior para os trabalhadores de nivel medio (2,9), do sexo feminino (3,2), com vinculo temporario (4,4) e do periodo noturno (6,2). O fi medio da equipe foi de 0,27 e a Tp de 1,76%. O absenteismo-doenca foi considerado elevado, sugerindo necessidade de estudos que investiguem as causas de adoecimento.This study aimed at investigating the absenteeism disease in an Adult-ICU. The descriptive-exploratory study was carried out with 56 nurses who worked in the ICU in 2006. The frequency (fi)rate and the wasted-time percentage for the absenteeism disease were calculated. Most of the nurses are female (76.79%), between 30 and 39 years old (42.86%), and with a statutory bond (66.07%). The average of the missed workdays was higher in medium nursing workers (2.93), female (3.19), with a short-period bond (4.37), and from the night shift (6.22). The fi average of the team was 0.27 and the Wtp was 1.76%. The absenteeism disease was considered high and thus more studies are necessary in order to find its causes.

Anemia e peso ao nascer

OBJECTIVE To verify the influence of Low Birthweight (LBW) on child anemia and malnutrition during the first year of life. METHODS Sample population included all children under one year seen at Health Units of the municipality of Maringá, southern Brazil, in 1998. Total sample size was 587 children. LBW was defined as birthweight below 2 500 g. The analysis of growth for the weigh-for-age and height-for-age indicators was based on National Center for Health Statistics standards. For anemia diagnosis, a biochemical hemoglobin concentration dosage, using HemoCue direct colorimetric method was employed. Children with [Hb] <11,0 g/dL were considered as anemic. RESULTS Fifty-eight percent of the studied population were anemic, and 37 children (6.3%) presented LBW. Anemia was more prevalent during the second semester of life (p=0.0093). Undernutrition, as indicated by the height-for-age indicator, was high especially for children aged 0-3 months with LBW. CONCLUSIONS Although LBW rates among the studied population were similar to those of developed countries, we suggest the implementation of specific antenatal care for high-risk women, aiming at reducing LBW, an event that affects the child, hampering its growth and increasing the risk of anemia and its countless deleterious consequences.

Anemia in Brazilian pregnant women before and after flour fortification with iron

OBJECTIVE To compare prevalence of anemia and hemoglobin (Hb) levels in Brazilian pregnant women before and after flour fortification with iron. METHODS A repeated cross-sectional panel study of public health care centers of municipalities in the five Brazilian regions was conducted. Retrospective data were obtained from 12,119 medical records of pregnant women distributed in two groups: before fortification (delivery prior to June 2004) and after fortification (date of last period after June 2005). Anemia was defined as Hb<11.0 g/dl. Hb levels according to gestational age were assessed using two references from the literature. Statistical analysis was carried out using chi-squared tests, Students t tests, and logistic regression, with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS In the total sample, prevalence of anemia fell from 25% to 20% after fortification (p<0.001). However, important regional differences were evident: while significant reductions were seen in the Northeast (37% to 29%) and North (32% to 25%) regions, where pre-fortification prevalence was high, smaller reductions were seen in the Southeast (18% to 15%) and South (7% to 6%) regions, where prevalence was low. Hb levels according to gestational age were slightly higher in the first months of pregnancy and lower after the third or fourth months, depending on the reference used. Logistic regression analysis showed that group, geographic region, marital status, trimester of pregnancy, initial nutritional status, and prior pregnancy were associated with anemia (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of anemia decreased after fortification, but remains high in the North and Northeast regions. Although fortification may have played a role in this favorable outcome, the contribution of other public policies implemented during the studied period should also be considered.

Quality and performance of pap smears in the cervical cancer screening program in a city of southern Brazil

OBJECTIVE To estimate prevalence and analyze quality and performance of colpocytology carried out under the Cervical Cancer Screening Program in Maringá, Paraná, Brazil. METHODS A retrospective study of the SIS-Colo database of the Brazilian Ministry of Health. Variables such as age, colpocytology result and origin were analyzed. Ages were divided into brackets; origin was distributed in five Regional Health Divisions of the city of Maringá; colpocytology was categorized according to the Bethesda System. Colpocytology, coverage was calculated by dividing the number of exams in the population between 25 and 59 years of age by the number of women in that same age group. RESULTS The 17,664 colpocytology exams collected in 2005 by the public health system were distributed among women between 12 and 82 years of age, with 12,961 (73.4%) examinations in women between the ages of 25 and 59, considered at high risk for cancer. A total of 17,458 (98.84%) cytological examinations were negative for malignancy, and atypical results (ASCUS / AGUS, LSIL, HSIL and invasive cancer) totaled 206 (1.16%). The study found a prevalence of 0.85% (151) for ASCUS / AGUS, 1.14% (203/17.664) for atypical cells, and a 2.75 ASCUS / atypical cells ratio (151/55). CONCLUSION The lower than expected prevalence of colpocytological and ASCUS alterations, the high ASCUS / atypical cells ratio and the insufficient population coverage by colpocytology jeopardized the performance of the cervical cancer prevention program. The low-income population requires special attention, and those more privileged should be advised about the frequency of examination and the age bracket with higher risks.

Anemia em gestantes brasileiras antes e após a fortificação das farinhas com ferro

OBJECTIVE To compare prevalence of anemia and hemoglobin (Hb) levels in Brazilian pregnant women before and after flour fortification with iron. METHODS A repeated cross-sectional panel study of public health care centers of municipalities in the five Brazilian regions was conducted. Retrospective data were obtained from 12,119 medical records of pregnant women distributed in two groups: before fortification (delivery prior to June 2004) and after fortification (date of last period after June 2005). Anemia was defined as Hb<11.0 g/dl. Hb levels according to gestational age were assessed using two references from the literature. Statistical analysis was carried out using chi-squared tests, Students t tests, and logistic regression, with a significance level of 5%. RESULTS In the total sample, prevalence of anemia fell from 25% to 20% after fortification (p<0.001). However, important regional differences were evident: while significant reductions were seen in the Northeast (37% to 29%) and North (32% to 25%) regions, where pre-fortification prevalence was high, smaller reductions were seen in the Southeast (18% to 15%) and South (7% to 6%) regions, where prevalence was low. Hb levels according to gestational age were slightly higher in the first months of pregnancy and lower after the third or fourth months, depending on the reference used. Logistic regression analysis showed that group, geographic region, marital status, trimester of pregnancy, initial nutritional status, and prior pregnancy were associated with anemia (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of anemia decreased after fortification, but remains high in the North and Northeast regions. Although fortification may have played a role in this favorable outcome, the contribution of other public policies implemented during the studied period should also be considered.

Anemia em gestantes de municípios das regiões Sul e Centro-Oeste do Brasil

Received: 09/15/2009 Approved: 10/27/2009 Portuguese / Engli h: www.scielo.br/reeusp RESUMO Objetivou-se analisar a distribuicao da anemia em gestantes da rede basica de saude de dois municipios, na regiao Sul e CentroOeste do Brasil. Estudo transversal retrospectivo e descritivo desenvolvido a partir de dados de prontuarios de 954 e 781 gestantes em Cuiaba-MT e Maringa-PR, respectivamente. Coletaram-se dados de caracterizacao sociodemografica, de pre-natal e indicadores sociais. Foram consideradas anemicas, as mulheres com hemoglobina inferior a 11g/dL. A desigualdade social existente entre os municipios foi evidente. Gestantes atendidas em Cuiaba-MT apresentavam caracteristicas sociodemograficas significativamente mais precarias. A prevalencia de anemia era significativamente maior e valores medios de hemoglobina menores em Cuiaba-MT, independentemente da idade gestacional. Encontrou-se associacao dos niveis de hemoglobina com a idade, situacao conjugal, numero de gestacoes anteriores, estado nutricional e trimestre gestacional. As diferencas regionais na ocorrencia da anemia gestacional sao socialmente determinadas, o que deve ser considerado nas propostas de intervencao em saude coletiva.Objetivou-se analisar a distribuicao da anemia em gestantes da rede basica de saude de dois municipios, na regiao Sul e Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Estudo transversal retrospectivo e descritivo desenvolvido a partir de dados de prontuarios de 954 e 781 gestantes em Cuiaba-MT e Maringa-PR, respectivamente. Coletaram-se dados de caracterizacao sociodemografica, de pre-natal e indicadores sociais. Foram consideradas anemicas, as mulheres com hemoglobina inferior a 11g/dL. A desigualdade social existente entre os municipios foi evidente. Gestantes atendidas em Cuiaba-MT apresentavam caracteristicas sociodemograficas significativamente mais precarias. A prevalencia de anemia era significativamente maior e valores medios de hemoglobina menores em Cuiaba-MT, independentemente da idade gestacional. Encontrou-se associacao dos niveis de hemoglobina com a idade, situacao conjugal, numero de gestacoes anteriores, estado nutricional e trimestre gestacional. As diferencas regionais na ocorrencia da anemia gestacional sao socialmente determinadas, o que deve ser considerado nas propostas de intervencao em saude coletiva.

Perfil socioeconômico e demográfico em uma comunidade vulnerável ao uso de drogas de abuso

OBJECTIVE: To establish the socioeconomic and demographic profile of residentsfrom a community with high indicators of drug-related violence. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional research, using a structured questionnaire applied to 358 inhabitants of a community with high levels of violence related to drug abuse. RESULTS: The participants had a mean age of 44.1 years, most of them were women (68.2%), with white race/skin color (57.5%) and 36.3% had studied for nine to 11 years. The mean household income per capita was R

Atividades de extensão universitária em comitê de prevenção de mortalidade infantil e estatísticas de saúde

534 reais. Only five (1.4%) participants reported unknowing drug use in the community. Drug use in the family was reported by 19.8% of participants, while 2.5% used crack. Two hundred and ninety people (81.0%) knew other inhabitants who were drug users. CONCLUSION: There was a high perception of the presence of drugs; and the spread of drug use and inclusion of crack within the family context.

Níveis de hemoglobina e prevalência de anemia em gestantes atendidas em unidades básicas de saúde, antes e após a fortificação das farinhas com ferro

Son descriptas actividades desarrolladas al Comite Regional de Prevencion de la Mortalidad Infantil de la 15a Regional de Salud de Parana (15a RS) y los Sistemas de Informacion (SI). El proyecto articula sociedad del Departamento de Enfermeria de la Universidad Estadual de Maringa y la 15a RS. Son presentadas atribuciones del Comite, dificultades en la investigacion del obito infantil, manoseo y comprension, por los participantes, de los SI. Son presentados avances, pero existen desafios como la calidad de la ficha de investigacion del obito. La sociedad ensenanza/servicio perfecciona la calidad del trabajo del Comite, de los SI y amplia la vision del alumno sobre desigualdades intra urbanas y acceso a servicios incentivando su formacion mas comprometida con la salud colectiva.

Intervention analysis of introduction of rotavirus vaccine on hospital admissions rates due to acute diarrhea

We evaluated hemoglobin-Hb levels and prevalence of anemia in pregnant women before and after fortification of flour. It was developed a study to evaluate intervention, of the type before and after, with independent population samples. Study was conducted in primary health care services in Maringá, PR. We assessed 366 and 419 medical records, Before and After implementation of fortification. Pregnant women with Hb < 11g/dL were considered anemic. Data were submitted to multiple linear regression analysis. There was low prevalence of anemia affecting 12.3% and 9.4% pregnant women Before and After fortification (p > 0.05), but the Group After the fortification had higher Hb levels (p < 0.05). Hb levels associated with Group, gestational age, previous pregnancy number, employment and marital status (p < 0.05). Although the fortification of flour may have had role in increasing the mean hemoglobin, we need consider the contribution of other variables not investigated.