Tatiana Mello de Souza

Causas de morte e razões para eutanásia de cães da Mesorregião do Centro Ocidental Rio-Grandense (1965-2004)

The main objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of diseases culminating with death or motivating euthanasia of dogs from the midland region of the Midwest of Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. The necropsy files of the Laboratorio de Patologia Veterinaria (LPV) of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) were accessed and necropsy protocols of dogs necropsied between January 1965 and December 2004 were reviewed. During this period 4,844 reports of canine necropsies were filed at the LPV-UFSM. The case distribution in relation to the disease categories diagnosed was as follows: infectious and parasitic diseases (1,693 [35.0%]); neoplasms (378 [7.8%]); disorders caused by physical agents (369 [7.6%]); degenerative diseases (342 [7.1%]); poisonings and toxinfections (112 [2.3%]); euthanasia due to convenience (101 [2.1%]); metabolic and endocrinological diseases (97 [2.0%]); iatrogenic disorders (83 [1.7%]); developmental disorders (25 [0.5%]); immune mediate diseases (10 [0.2%]); and nutritional disorders (6 [0.1%]). Other disorders, including multifactorial or idiopathic diseases contributed 80 (1.6%) cases. In 1,548 (32.0%) out of the 4,844 cases it was not possible to establish either cause of death or reason for euthanasia. Infectious and parasitic diseases (mainly canine distemper, parvoviral enteritis and intestinal parasitism), neoplasia (mainly mammary neoplasms and lymphoma), disorders caused by physical agents (mainly accidents caused by automotive vehicles) and degenerative diseases (mainly chronic renal failure, cirrhosis, and congestive heart failure) were the main disease categories causing death or motivating euthanasia in dogs of this midland region. However, when cases were evaluated in relation with the age of the dog, the disease prevalence differed. The main causes of death in puppies were infectious and parasitic disease (mainly parvoviral enteritis, canine distemper, and intestinal parasitism). In adult dogs the most important causes of death were canine distemper, neoplasia and trauma. In age dogs, approximately half of the deaths could be attributed to neoplasia and degenerative disease.

Neuropathology of Naturally Occurring Trypanosoma evansi Infection of Horses

The clinical signs and pathology of the central nervous system in 9 horses with naturally occurring neurologic disease due to Trypanosoma evansi are described. The clinical course was 2 to 20 days; clinical signs included marked ataxia, blindness, head tilt and circling, hyperexcitability, obtundity, proprioceptive deficits, head pressing, and paddling movements. Grossly, asymmetric leukoencephalomalacia with yellowish discoloration of white matter and flattening of the gyri were observed in the brain of 7 of 9 horses. Histologically, all 9 horses had necrotizing encephalitis that was most severe in the white matter, with edema, demyelination, and lymphoplasmacytic perivascular cuffs. Mild to moderate meningitis or meningomyelitis was observed in the spinal cord of 5 of 7 horses. T. evansi was detected immunohistochemically in the perivascular spaces and neuropil of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded brain tissue in 8 of 9 horses.

Estudo retrospectivo de 761 tumores cutâneos em cães

The biopsy files in dogs from the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, RS, Brazil, from 1964 to 2003, were reviewed for skin tumors. In the 703 files, 570 (81.0%) it was reported that the dog had only one skin tumor and in 133 (19.0%), more than one tumor was described in the skin. Six hundred and fifty four (93.1%) dogs had only one histologic type of tumor and 41 (5.8%) had two tumors of different histologic types. In seven (1.0%) dogs there were three tumors of different histologic types and in one (0.1%) four histologically unrelated tumors were diagnosed, performing 761 tumors. Out of the total of 761 skin tumors found, 673 (88.4%) were neoplastic and 88 (11.6%) were non-neoplastic. The 15 more frequently found tumors, in decreasing order of frequency, were: mast cell tumor, squamous cell carcinoma, perianal adenoma, lipoma, trichoblastoma, perianal carcinoma, papilloma, follicular cysts, hemangioma, hemangiosarcoma, melanoma, sebaceous adenoma, histiocytoma, nodular sebaceous hyperplasia and fibroma.

Patogênese e achados clínicos, hematológicos e anatomopatológicos da infecção por Rangelia vitalii em 35 cães (1985-2009)

The pathogenesis, clinical, hematological and pathological features of the natural infection by the protozoan organism Rangelia vitalii (canine rangeliosis) was studied in 35 dogs that died due this condition. The results allow for the following set of conclusions on canine rangeliosis: (1) causes an exclusively extravascular immune mediated hemolysis; (2) is invariably associated with some degree of hemorrhage observed at necropsy, but no always clinically apparent; (3) the clinical signs that are the hallmark of the disease are anemia, icterus and splenomegaly; (4) the main hematological aspect that establishes a clinical suspect is the development of anemia with signs of intense erythroid regeneration; (5) the three main differential diagnosis are leptospirosis, babesiosis and e acute monocytotropic ehrlichiosis; (6) the main observed histopathological lesion is an association of lymphoid hyperplasia with mononuclear inflammatory reaction, predominantly plasmacytic, but occasionally granulomatous; (7) other frequently found lesions are secondary to a marked regenerative anemia; (8) large numbers of the etiologic agent can be easily demonstrate in most tissues, mainly in lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow, heart, and tonsils.

Aspectos patológicos de 155 casos fatais de cães atropelados por veículos automotivos

Motor vehicle-related trauma significantly contributes to death statistics of dogs. There are however few documented reports on the pathological aspects of such cases. This paper describes 155 fatal cases of dogs victimized by motor vehicle accidents. In 138 (89.0%) of the 155 dogs hit by motor vehicles there were lesions that could explain the death or reason for these dogs being euthanatized. These lesions included vertebrospinal trauma (43 [27.7%]), rupture of parenchymal organs (40 [25.8%]), cranioencephalic trauma (28 [18.1%]), rupture of hollow organs (16 [10.3%]), rib fracture with subsequent laceration of parenchymal organs (15 [9.7%]), and diaphragmatic rupture with displacement of abdominal viscera into the thoracic cavity (10 [6.4%]).

Hiperplasia fibroepitelial mamária em felinos: cinco casos

Five cases of feline mammary fibroepithelial hyperplasia are described. Affected cats were all females with ages varying from 10 months to 11 years. The main complaint on presentation was swollen mammary glands with clinical courses of 3-24 weeks. In two of the cats the condition developed after treatment with contraceptive. Grossly, the mammary masses were covered by skin ocasionally ulcerated and had white cut surfaces with multifocal paler nodules of 2mm in diameter. Histologically, these multifocal nodules consisted of ductal proliferation surrounded by extensive fibrobalstic growth.

Aspectos epidemiológicos e distribuição anatômica das diferentes formas clínicas do sarcoide equino no Rio Grande do Sul: 40 casos

The files of histopathological exams carried out by the Laboratorio de Patologia Veterinaria of the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (LPV-UFSM), between January 2000 and March 2010, were reviewed in search of cases of equine sarcoid. Forty cases were selected to determine epidemiological aspects and anatomical distribution of the various clinical forms of these neoplasms in horses from Rio Grande do Sul. Out of the cases in which the ages were registered in the histopathological reports, 73.0% (27/37) were 1 to 5-year-old horses. Multiple sarcoids were observed in most of the affected horses (29/40 [72.5%]). The fibroblastic form was most frequently observed and occurred in 42.2% (27/64) of the cases. In more than half of the cases (22/40 [55.0%]), sarcoids had a multifocal distribution. Twenty two (55%) out of the 40 horses evaluated had the tumors in the limbs.

Prevalência das dermatopatias não-tumorais em cães do município de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul (2005-2008)

The current study was aimed at determine the prevalence of non-tumorous canine dermatopathies affecting dogs from the municipality of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. From March 2005 to June de 2008, the authors followed-up canine dermatological cases from two sources: those referred to the Dermatology Sector of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria and those from a private practice. During this period 480 dogs with dermatological problems were examined; in 393 (81.9%) it was possible to establish a definitive diagnosis and in 87 (18.1%) the diagnosis was inconclusive. Four hundred and twenty four primary diagnosis and 78 secondary diagnosis were performed in the 393 dogs with conclusive diagnosis, totaling 502 diagnosis. The distribution of the diagnosis according to the categories of diagnosed dermatopathies was as follows: Allergic (190/502 [37.8%]), bacterial (103/502 [20.5%]), parasitic (97/502 [19.3%]), environmental (28/502 [5,6%]), mycotic (20/502 [4.0%]), endocrine (13/502 [2.6%]), keratinization disturbances (11/502 [2.2%]), psychogenic (9/502 [1.8%]), acquired alopecias (6/502 [1.2%]), autoimmune (6/502 [1.2%]), inherited (6/502 [1.2%]), pigmentary disturbances (1/502 [0.2%], nutritional (1/502 [0.2%]), and sundry conditions (11/502 [2.2%]). In general, the ten most frequently diagnosed non-tumorous dermatopathies in decreasing order of frequency were: Atopy, flea bite allergic dermatitis, bacterial folliculitis, demodectic mange, deep bacterial folliculitis/furunculosis, sarcoptic mange, myiasis, food allergy, traumatic pyoderma, and Malassezia dermatitis. These 10 conditions together made up approximately for three quarters of all canine skin diseases diagnosed in the current study.

Dermatite alérgica sazonal em ovinos

An outbreak of acute seasonal allergic dermatitis is described in sheep from the municipalities of Sao Vicente do Sul and Jaguari, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Affected sheep were crossbreeds of different categories. Skin lesions were observed mainly in the head (ears and around the eyes, muzzle, and lips), mammary gland, distal portions of the limbs and ventral abdomen. Two lesion patterns were found; an acute pattern showed marked erythema associated with numerous papules, pustules, epidermal colarettes, and crust; in a chronic pattern the same anatomical sites had lichenified, ulcerated, exudative, crusted, and alopecic areas, which were occasionally hemorrhagic. Microscopically, sheep that were recently affected had perivascular eosinophilic dermatitis; in the skin of more chronically affected sheep there was superficial lymphocytic and histioplasmocytic perivascular dermatitis.

Peritonite infecciosa felina: 13 casos

In a survey carried out in tissue specimens from 638 necropsied cats, 13 cases (2.03%) of feline infectious peritonitis were found. Eight of those (61.53%) were of the effusive or wet form and five had the dry non-effusive form of the disease. Ages of affected cats varied from 2-months to 3 yeas. Twelve affected cats (92.30%) were purebreds, five of these cats (38.47%) came from households with more than one cat and three of them came from the same comercial cat raising facility. The duration of clinical courses were 7-45 days and clinical signs included loss of weight, anorexia, diarrhea, jaundice, vomiting, swollen lymph nodes, and neurological disturbances. Necropsy findings, in the wet form included excess of yellowish viscous tanslucent or slightly opaque fluid (50ml-1 liter) in the peritoneal cavity and (in one case) thoracic cavity. Fibrinous exudate covered the serosal surfaces of abdominal organs imparting a whitish, granular, frost-like appearance to them. In the dry form there were multiple granulomatous foci underneath the serosal surface, which extended into the parenchyma of abdominal organs; these findings were particularly prominent in the kidneys. Corneal opacity was observed in one cat. Histologically, there were variable degrees of disseminated piogranulomatous vasculitis and perivasculitis particularly in arterioles. Pyogranulomatous meningitis or meningoencephalitis were observed in three cats with the dry form of feline infectious peritonitis.In a survey carried out in tissue specimens from 638 necropsied cats, 13 cases (2.03%) of feline infectious peritonitis were found. Eight of those (61.53%) were of the effusive or wet form and five had the dry non-effusive form of the disease. Ages of affected cats varied from 2-months to 3 yeas. Twelve affected cats (92.30%) were purebreds, five of these cats (38.47%) came from households with more than one cat and three of them came from the same comercial cat raising facility. The duration of clinical courses were 7-45 days and clinical signs included loss of weight, anorexia, diarrhea, jaundice, vomiting, swollen lymph nodes, and neurological disturbances. Necropsy findings, in the wet form included excess of yellowish viscous tanslucent or slightly opaque fluid (50ml-1 liter) in the peritoneal cavity and (in one case) thoracic cavity. Fibrinous exudate covered the serosal surfaces of abdominal organs imparting a whitish, granular, frost-like appearance to them. In the dry form there were multiple granulomatous foci underneath the serosal surface, which extended into the parenchyma of abdominal organs; these findings were particularly prominent in the kidneys. Corneal opacity was observed in one cat. Histologically, there were variable degrees of disseminated piogranulomatous vasculitis and perivasculitis particularly in arterioles. Pyogranulomatous meningitis or meningoencephalitis were observed in three cats with the dry form of feline infectious peritonitis.