Claudete Schmidt

Prevalência das dermatopatias não-tumorais em cães do município de Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul (2005-2008)

The current study was aimed at determine the prevalence of non-tumorous canine dermatopathies affecting dogs from the municipality of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. From March 2005 to June de 2008, the authors followed-up canine dermatological cases from two sources: those referred to the Dermatology Sector of the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria and those from a private practice. During this period 480 dogs with dermatological problems were examined; in 393 (81.9%) it was possible to establish a definitive diagnosis and in 87 (18.1%) the diagnosis was inconclusive. Four hundred and twenty four primary diagnosis and 78 secondary diagnosis were performed in the 393 dogs with conclusive diagnosis, totaling 502 diagnosis. The distribution of the diagnosis according to the categories of diagnosed dermatopathies was as follows: Allergic (190/502 [37.8%]), bacterial (103/502 [20.5%]), parasitic (97/502 [19.3%]), environmental (28/502 [5,6%]), mycotic (20/502 [4.0%]), endocrine (13/502 [2.6%]), keratinization disturbances (11/502 [2.2%]), psychogenic (9/502 [1.8%]), acquired alopecias (6/502 [1.2%]), autoimmune (6/502 [1.2%]), inherited (6/502 [1.2%]), pigmentary disturbances (1/502 [0.2%], nutritional (1/502 [0.2%]), and sundry conditions (11/502 [2.2%]). In general, the ten most frequently diagnosed non-tumorous dermatopathies in decreasing order of frequency were: Atopy, flea bite allergic dermatitis, bacterial folliculitis, demodectic mange, deep bacterial folliculitis/furunculosis, sarcoptic mange, myiasis, food allergy, traumatic pyoderma, and Malassezia dermatitis. These 10 conditions together made up approximately for three quarters of all canine skin diseases diagnosed in the current study.

Canine cutaneous neosporosis in Brazil

The clinical signs of infection in dogs with Neospora caninum are usually associated with neurological disorders and are seen in young dogs. In this brief case report we observed multifocal ulcerative and exudative skin nodules on the neck and pelvic limbs of a 10-year-old cocker spaniel dog. Infection with N. caninum was diagnosed on the basis of cytology and examination of skin tissues by PCR. The dog initially responded to treatment with clindamycin and then relapsed; the dog died. Infection with N. caninum may have been due in part to immune suppression due to hyperadrenocorticism; which either allowed for the development of a primary infection or reactivation of a latent infection by N. caninum with the occurrence of skin lesions.

Diabete insípido central em um cão

A case of central diabetes insipidus in a nine-year-old female dog is described. The dog presented intermitent polyuria and polydipsia in the past 18 months. In the clinical exam, complete blood count, alanine transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, BUN, creatinine, glucose and calcium dosages were normal. However, the specific urine gravity was low and presented the value 1002. The dog was unable to concentrate the urine during the seven hours of water deprivation test and presented 5% of dehydratation. The administration of desmopressin acetate elevated the specific urine gravity to 1028 five hours after the beginning of the treatment, confirming the diagnosis of diabetes insipidus of central origin.

Skin impression with acetate tape in Demodex canis and Scarcoptes scabiei var. vulpes diagnosis

ABSTRACT This study compares the efficacy of skin impression with acetate tape and the deep skin scraping test to find D. canis and S. scabiei in dogs. During six months, 134 samples were collected by both techniques from 115 dogs treated at the dermatology service of the Veterinary Hospital of the Federal University of Santa Maria (HVU-UFSM). Of these patients, 27 had demodicosis and 12 had scabies. The impression with acetate tape test (ITT) was shown to be significantly superior to the deep skin scraping test (DSST) in finding D. canis and S. scabiei mites (p = 0.007). Based on our results we could conclude that acetate tape impression is a reliable method for diagnosing and monitoring therapy of dermatopathies caused by mites and can be used to replace the traditional deep skin scraping method. In addition, since it is less traumatic for the dog, this method shows more acceptance by the owner. Keywords: dog, acetate tape, demodicosis, scabies RESUMO Este estudo compara a eficacia da impressao cutânea com fita de acetato ao raspado cutâneo profundo para a pesquisa de

Angiografia cerebral em cães

Cerebral angiography is an imaging technique used to detect alterations in the blood supply of the brain. A positive contrast is injected and the image obtained by conventional radiography, computerized tomography or magnetic resonance (MRI). The present research describes the technique with the use of conventional radiography due to the rare availability of tomography or MRI equipment in veterinary practice. The objective was to evaluate the efficiency of the method in demonstrating the angiographic pattern of normal animals, to serve as a complementary exam to simple x-ray and improve the capability of detecting altered intracranial blood flow. It is concluded that the technique is capable of producing clear images of cerebral vessels and its ramifications.

Dermatomicose e ceratite micótica causada por Exophiala sp em um cão

This report describes the diagnosis and the therapeutic conduct applied to the cases of subcutaneous dermatomycosis and mycotic keratitis caused by Exophiala sp in a one and a half year-old dog. The clinical signs included alopecia, crusts, dispigmentation, ulcerations in the nose and superficial bilateral keratitis in the corner of the eyes. In the fungal cultures, Exophiala sp was isolated and the microscopic analysis revealed characteristics of fungal dermatitis. Systemic therapy with itraconazole evidenced remission of clinical signs. The realization of fungal cultures and cutaneous biopsy are efficient complementary procedures in the diagnosis of dermatomycosis and that the usage of oral itraconazole can be effective in the treatment of fungal dermatitis and mycotic keratitis caused by Exophiala sp in dogs.

Densidade mineral óssea em cadelas submetidas à ovarioisterectomia com e sem reposição estrogênica oral

Effects on bone density of ovariohysterectomy and post-operative estrogen replacement were studied in bitches. Twelve mixed-breed bitches, ranging from 2 to 6 years of age and weighing between 5 and 15kg were submitted to ovariohysterectomy and separated in two groups of six, after a period of adaptation of 60 days. Bitches from the first group were an un-innoculated control; whereas treated bitches received 0.01mg/kg per os of natural estrogen every 48 hours for 12 months. Radiographs were taken on the day of surgery and 12 months later. Variation in bone density was quantified by optic densitometry in radiographic images. Ovariohysterectomy decreased bone density, whereas estrogen replacement moderated the effect.

Sensitization study of dogs with atopic dermatitis in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul

Canine atopic dermatitis (CAD) is a common dermatosis, defined as a genetic-related disease which predisposes to skin inflammation and pruritus, associated to a IgE-specific response in most of cases. Clinical diagnosis may be later complemented by skin allergy and/or serological tests. The aim of these tests is to identify possible allergens in order to enable the clinicians to select candidate antigens for allergen specific immunotherapy. In the present study 58 CAD positive animals were tested. All were submitted to the intradermal test (IDT) and screened for the presence of antibodies against different antigens using ELISA. The obtained results show a high prevalence of sensitization among the tested dogs to house dust mites and to pollen ofC. dactylon. With this work it was possible to identify the main allergens involved in immunological response of dogs with CAD living in central area of Rio Grande do Sul.

Suscetibilidade antimicrobiana de Staphylococcus spp. isolados de cães com pioderma superficial

A total of 154 samples of skin lesions were obtained from dogs with superficial pyoderma that were assisted by the Veterinary Dermatology Service at the University Veterinary Hospital (HVU), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), aiming to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus spp. isolates and evaluate the presence of multidrug resistance profile. After bacterial isolation and identification, the strains were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility, and the results showed lower percentages of resistance to the amoxicillin and clavulanic acid association (1.9%), cefadroxil (1.9%), cephalexin (1.9%) and vancomycin (0.6%). The highest percentages were towards amoxicillin (60.4%) and penicillin G (60.4%). The multidrug resistance was detected in 23.4% and the methicillin resistance in 5.8% of the samples. It may be concluded that the Staphylococcus spp. isolates present high susceptibility to key antimicrobials used in the treatment of superficial pyodermas in dogs at the HVU-UFSM, such as cephalexin and the amoxicillin and clavulanic acid association, confirming the preference for these drugs when treating dogs with this disorder. The susceptibility of the strains to fluoroquinolones, also recommended in the literature for the treatment of pyodermas, allows suggesting that such drugs should not be considered in the empirical selection. The identification of multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus spp. in the studied canine population justifies periodic and regional bacteriological tests of skin lesions in dogs with superficial pyoderma, possible therapeutic failures and also motivates wise use of antimicrobial therapy.

Ceratose liquenóide em um cão

Lichenoid keratosis is a rare proliferative dermatopathy reported in human beings and dogs. In dogs the disease is characterized by well circumscribed hyperkeratotic plaques distributed in the skin of pinnae and, less frequently, in the inguinal region. This report describes a case of lichenoid keratosis in a six-year-old male Dobermann dog which had multifocal verrucous lesions in the internal aspect of the pinnae and slightly scaly, overpigmented alopecic lesions in the axillae and inguinal region; both lesions had a clinical course of approximately three months. The diagnosis was based on the association of the clinical and histopathological findings.