Tatiana Ryabchikova

Magnetic Doppler imaging of the chemically peculiar star HD 125248

Intermediate-mass, chemically peculiar stars with strong magnetic fields give us an excellent opportunity to study the topology of their surface magnetic fields and the interplay between magnetic geometries and abundance inhomogeneities in their atmospheres. nWe reconstruct detailed maps of the surface magnetic field and abundance distributions for the magnetic Ap star HD 125248. nWe performed the analysis based on phase-resolved, four Stokes parameter spectropolarimetric observations obtained with the HARPSpol instrument. These data were interpreted with the magnetic Doppler imaging technique. nWe improved the atmospheric parameters of the star, T_eff = 9850K +/- 250K and logg = 4.05 +/- 0.10. We performed detailed abundance analysis and discovered vertical stratification effects for the FeII and CrII ions. We computed LSD Stokes profiles and studied their behavior with rotational phase. We improved the rotational period of the star P_rot = 9.29558(6)d. Magnetic Doppler imaging of HD 125248 showed that its magnetic field is mostly poloidal and quasi-dipolar with two large spots of different polarity and field strength. The chemical maps of Fe, Cr, Ce, Nd, Gd, and Ti show abundance contrasts of 0.9-3.5 dex. Among these elements, the Fe abundance map does not show high-contrast features. Cr is overabundant around the negative magnetic pole and has 3.5 dex abundance range. The rare earth elements and Ti are overabundant near the positive magnetic pole. nThe magnetic field of HD 125248 has strong deviations from the classical axisymmetric dipole field geometry. The comparison to results derived for other stars using four Stokes magnetic Doppler imaging suggests evidence that the field topology becomes simpler with increasing age. The abundance maps show weak correlation with the magnetic field geometry, but they do not agree with the atomic diffusion calculations.

HD 41641: A classical δ Sct-type pulsator with chemical signatures of an Ap star

Context. Among the known groups of pulsating stars, δ Sct stars are one of the least understood. Theoretical models do not predict the oscillation frequencies that observations reveal. Complete asteroseismic studies are necessary to improve these models and better understand the internal structure of these targets. Aims. We study the δ Sct star HD 41641 with the ultimate goal of understanding its oscillation pattern. Methods. The target was simultaneously observed by the CoRoT space telescope and the HARPS high-resolution spectrograph. The photometric data set was analyzed with the software package PERIOD04, while FAMIAS was used to analyze the line profile variations. The method of spectrum synthesis was used for spectroscopically determining the fundamental atmospheric parameters and individual chemical abundances. Results. A total of 90 different frequencies was identified and analyzed. An unambiguous identification of the azimuthal order of the surface geometry could only be provided for the dominant p-mode, which was found to be a nonradial prograde mode with m = +1. Using Teff and log g, we estimated the mass, radius, and evolutionary stage of HD 41641. We find HD 41641 to be a moderately rotating, slightly evolved δ Sct star with subsolar overall atmospheric metal content and unexpected chemical peculiarities. Conclusions. HD 41641 is a pure δ Sct pulsator with p-mode frequencies in the range from 10 d-1 to 20 d-1. This pulsating star presents chemical signatures of an Ap star and rotational modulation due to surface inhomogeneities, which we consider indirect evidence of the presence of a magnetic field.

HD 45583—a chemically peculiar star with an unusual curve of longitudinal magnetic field variations

The results of a complex study of the chemically peculiar star HD 45583 are reported. Observations were made using the Main Stellar Spectrograph equipped with a circular polarization analyzer and NES echelle spectrograph of the 6-m telescope of the Special Astrophysical Observatory of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Our measurements of Zeeman spectra show that the star exhibits unusual variations of the longitudinal component of magnetic field with a secondary minimum. The period of spectral and magnetic variability coincides with the rotation period, which is equal to 1.d177000. Two possible causes of the secondary minimum are discussed: spots with higher than ambient content of some chemical elements on the star’s surface or complex structure of the stellar magnetic field. The parameters of the star’s atmosphere are determined (Teff = 13000 K, log g = 4.0), as well as the abundances of some elements: the star shows a 1–2 dex overabundance of Fe, Si, and Cr, helium is underabundant by about 2 dex with respect to the Sun.

Triple system HD 201433 with a SPB star component seen by BRITE -Constellation ⋆ : Pulsation, differential rotation, and angular momentum transfer

Stellar rotation affects the transport of chemical elements and angular momentum and is therefore a key process during stellar evolution, which is still not fully understood. This is especially true for massive stars, which are important for the chemical enrichment of the universe. It is therefore important to constrain their physical parameters and internal angular momentum distribution to calibrate stellar structure and evolution models. Stellar internal rotation can be probed through asteroseismic studies of rotationally split oscillations but such results are still quite rare, especially for stars more massive than the Sun. The SPB star HD201433 is known to be part of a single-lined spectroscopic triple system, with two low-mass companions orbiting with periods of about 3.3 and 154 d. Our results are based on photometric observations made by BRITE - Constellation and the SMEI on board the Coriolis satellite, high-resolution spectroscopy, and more than 96 years of radial velocity measurements. We identify a sequence of 9 rotationally split dipole modes in the photometric time series and establish that HD201433 is in principle a solid-body rotator with a very slow rotation period of 297+/-76 d. Tidal interaction with the inner companion has, however, significantly accelerated the spin of the surface layers by a factor of approximately one hundred. The angular momentum transfer onto the surface of HD201433 is also reflected by the statistically significant decrease of the orbital period of about 0.9 s during the last 96 years. Combining the asteroseismic inferences with the spectroscopic measurements and the orbital analysis of the inner binary system, we conclude that tidal interactions between the central SPB star and its inner companion have almost circularised the orbit but not yet aligned all spins of the system and have just begun to synchronise rotation.

Chemical composition and stratification of chemical elements in the atmosphere of the Ap star HD 8441

We present the results of our abundance analysis for the atmosphere of the chemically peculiar Ap star HD 8441. HD 8441 is interesting in that the lines of rare-earth elements in its spectrum are weak and the longitudinal magnetic field component is small, being only several hundred gauss. Our estimates of the evolutionary status for HD 8441 have confirmed that it belongs to the group of Ap stars with weak lines of rare-earth elements in their spectra that leave the main sequence. A stratification analysis of the atmosphere of HD 8441 assuming a stepwise distribution of elements with depth reveals a nonuniform distribution of Si, Ca, Cr,Mn, and Fe with a significant increase in elemental abundances in deeper layers. The derived distribution qualitatively agrees with predictions of the theory of diffusive separation of elements under the action of radiation pressure forces and gravity. Comparison of the chemical composition and evolutionary status of HD 8441 with those of the stars HD 66318 and HD 144897 with strong magnetic fields shows that their atmospheres differ mainly by the abundances of rare-earth elements. The iron-peak elements exhibit large overabundances irrespective of the magnetic field strength.

Abundance Analysis and Searching for Nonradial Pulsations in the Atmosphere of the Chemically Peculiar Star HD 115708

We present the results of our abundance analysis for the magnetic chemically peculiar star HD 115708 based on high-resolution spectra. The atmospheric chemical composition of HD 115708 (Teff = 7550 K) is shown to be typical of cool Ap stars with a significant ionization disequilibrium for the first and second rare earth ions, which is commonly observed in the atmospheres of pulsating Ap (roAp) stars. Our study of the vertical distribution of elements has shown that Mg, Ca, Cr, and Fe concentrate in deeper atmospheric layers, with their abundances decreasing sharply in the upper layers. The jumps in abundance are 1.5–3 orders of magnitude. Silicon is distributed in depth almost uniformly in the atmosphere of HD 115708. The derived empirical Cr and Fe distributions agree qualitatively with the results of diffusion calculations. Since the atmospheric chemical peculiarities in HD 115708 correspond to roAp stars, we have performed a spectroscopic monitoring to find nonradial pulsations. We have been able to determine only an upper limit for the amplitude of the possible radial velocity pulsations, ∼100 m s−1, due to the insufficient temporal resolution and instability of the main stellar spectrograph (MSS) of the 6-m telescope.

Refining the asteroseismic model for the young δ Scuti star HD 144277 using HARPS spectroscopy

Context. HD 144277 was previously discovered by Microvariability and Oscillations of Stars (MOST) space photometry to be a young and hot δ Scuti star showing regular groups of pulsation frequencies. The first asteroseismic models required lower than solar metallicity to fit the observed frequency range based on a purely photometric analysis. Aims. The aim of the present paper is to determine, by means of high-resolution spectroscopy, fundamental stellar parameters required for the asteroseismic model of HD 144277, and subsequently, to refine it. Methods. High-resolution, high signal-to-noise spectroscopic data obtained with the HARPS spectrograph were used to determine the fundamental parameters and chemical abundances of HD 144277. These values were put into context alongside the results from asteroseismic models. Results. The effective temperature, Teff, of HD 144277 was determined as 8640 +300 −100 K, log g is 4.14 ± 0.15 and the projected rotational velocity, υ sini, is 62.0 ± 2.0 km s −1 .A s theυ sini value is significantly larger than previously assumed, we refined the first asteroseimic model accordingly. The overall metallicity Z was determined to be 0.011 where the light elements He, C, O, Na, and S show solar chemical composition, but the heavier elements are significantly underabundant. In addition, the radius of HD 144277 was )

NLTE Line Formation for Mg i and Mg ii in the Atmospheres of B–A–F–G–K Stars

Non-local thermodynamical equilibrium (NLTE) line formation for Mg I and Mg II lines is considered in classical 1D-LTE model atmospheres of the Sun and 17 stars with reliable atmospheric parameters and in a broad range of spectral types: 3900

Tracing early stellar evolution with asteroseismology: pre-main sequence stars in NGC 2264

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Spectral Synthesis Codes and Methods of Analysis

Teff