Teiichi Teshima

A new decalcifying technique for immunohistochemical studies of calcified tissue, especially applicable to cell surface marker demonstration.

We have developed a new decalcifying technique for use in light and electron microscopy studies utilizing immunohistochemical staining of calcified tissues. Specimens containing calcified tissues can be adequately decalcified at a pH of 7.1-7.4 and temperature of -5 degrees C, without freezing, by use of a solution containing EDTA, sodium hydroxide, and glycerol. In this study, Leu-2a, Leu-3a, Leu-4, Leu-7, Leu-12, Leu-14, Leu-M1, Leu-M2, Leu-M3, and HLA-DR-positive cells in destructive lesions of bone tissues from patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteomyelitis were successfully detected immunohistochemically. Furthermore, the presence of HLA-DR antigen on the surface of the infiltrating cells in the same lesions could be demonstrated using the immunoelectron microscopic technique. The results reported here have not previously been obtainable using conventional decalcifying techniques.

A novel evaluation system of metastatic potential of oral squamous cell carcinoma according to the histopathological and histochemical grading

We established a new evaluation system for metastatic potential of oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), utilizing a combined examination of histopathological grades of the carcinomas based on cell differentiation and invasive mode according to Yamamotos criteria, and the cellular expressions of CD44, E-cadherin (E-cad), heparan sulfate glycosaminoglycan (HS-GAG) and Phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinin (L-PHA)-binding oligosaccharides on the carcinomas. Histochemical patterns of expression of these markers were classified into positive (+2), weakly positive (+), and negative (-). The histopathological grades and the histochemical patterns of the SCC were estimated on a 0-2 point scale, i.e. point 2 for poorly differentiated, mode 4D, CD44++, E-cad-, HS-GAG++, or L-PHA++; point 1 for moderately differentiated, mode 4C, CD44+, E-cad+, HS-GAG+, or L-PHA+; and point 0 for well differentiated, mode 1, mode 2, mode 3, CD44-, E-cad++, HS-GAG-, or L-PHA-. As a result, incidence of metastasis in the cases with a total score of more than 6 (62.8%) was significantly higher than that with a total score of less than 5 (9.3%). This evaluation system will yield useful information concerning the prognosis of patients with oral SCC.

Expression of Phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinin-binding oligosaccharides in oral squamous cell carcinoma: Possible association with the metastatic potential

The expression of ‐GlcNAcβ1–6Man‐(β1–6) branched oligosaccharides In carcinoma cells has been considered to influence their metastatic potentials. In the present paper, the lectin histochemistry of oral squamous cell carcinomas obtained in biopsy from 34 patients with Phaseolus vulgaris leukoagglutinin (L‐PHA), which potentially binds to N‐glycosidic carbohydrates with β1–6 linked lactosamin antennae, was studied in order to analyze the relationship between their staining patterns and metastases. The L‐PHA‐binding oligosaccharides of the carcinomas were expressed on the cell surface in the following patterns: (i) all cells were positive for the staining (‘positive’); (ii) some cells were positive but the rest of the carcinoma cells were negative (‘weakly positive’); and (iii) all were negative (‘negative’). Statistical analysis revealed that the incidence of the metastasis to regional lymph nodes in the ‘positive’ cases was significantly higher than that in the ‘negative’ cases. Moreover, the number of the CD14 positive cells including macrophages in the Stroma adjacent to the cardnomas in the ‘positive’ cases was less than that in the ‘negative’ or ‘weakly positive’ cases. The expression of L‐PHA‐binding oligosaccharides in oral squamous cell carcinoma may be responsible for their metastatic potential to regional lymph nodes, possibly Including their ability to escape macrophage recognition.

Bone graft in alveolar cleft with autogenous particulate cancellous bone

This study was undertaken to estimate the interdental alveolar bone height in regions undergoing bone grafts, and to determine what factors were correlated with the prognosis of the bone graft. A total of 120 alveolar clefts in 107 patients were studied. The alveolar clefts received grafts of autogenous particulate cancellous bone obtained from the iliac bone. The cases were documented by periapical radiographs taken before bone grafting and between 12-18 months after grafting. Successful bone formation (i.e., an interdental alveolar bone height of the grafted portion measuring more than 3/4 of the root length of the upper central incisor adjacent to the cleft), was observed in 70.8% of all clefts. The rate of successful bone formation was significantly higher in the group in which the bone graft was performed at less than ten years old than that in the older group. Unfavorable results were found at a significantly higher rate in cases in which the average width of the alveolar cleft was more than 11 mm. Thus, the age at the time of bone grafting, or the width of the alveolar cleft was definitely shown to affect the prognosis of the bone graft in the alveolar cleft. The eruption stage of the canine on the cleft side, or the cleft type, tended to be related to whether the interdental alveolar bone height was formed successfully or not.

ENHANCEMENT OF ECTOPIC BONE FORMATION IN MICE WITH A DEFICIT IN FAS-MEDIATED APOPTOSIS

Bone tormation is under the control of cytokines as well as growth factors such as bone morphogenetlc protelns (BMP). This suggests the possibillity that osteogenesls might be modulated by factors which atso modulate the Immune system. To test whether Immune disorders In the host may influence bone formation, we studied BMP‐Induced bone formation In a C3H/HeJ strain of mice benring a mutant gene, the lymphoproliteration Qene (lpr) or the genemlbed lym‐phoprolifarative diseaee gene (gld), both of which are known to be a Fas delaion mutant and a Fas ligand mutant, respectively, and to Induce Immune disorders vla a deficit In Fas‐mediated apoptoak Crude BMP derived from bovine bone were injscted into the muscular tlasue In the femur of adult C3H/HaJ mice or C3H/HeJ mice bearing an lpr or gld gene. Quantltathre analysis of the resulting ectopic bone formation by X‐ray photography 2 weeks after infection revealed that the presence of either the Ipr or gld gene caused a bone mess dgnlficantly larger In dimension than that seen in the wiid type mice. Histologlcal examlnatlon also revealed the dmerent Influence between these mutant genes on the level of bone fofmatlon exhibited by hyallne cartilage and bone imbeculae. Based on these results, we discussed the possible mechanisms of the enhanced ectopic bone fotmation under the deficit In Fas‐medlated apoptosls.

Sialolithiasis of a Blandin's gland duct.

A case of sialolithiasis in a Blandins gland duct is reported. Although minor salivary glands calculi are not uncommon, Blandins glands are rare sites of occurrence. In this case, a calculus without decalcification is reported. Not only clinico-pathological features but also electron probe micro analyzer plus energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy studies are presented. These studies reveal that phosphorus is contained in only the basophilic part of the calculus and sulphur in both the basophilic and the eosinophilic parts.

Histological study of effect of bone morphogenetic protein derived from bovine tooth on periosteum in rats

SummaryIn this study, we examined histologically the effect of a bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) derived from bovine tooth on the periosteum. Supraperiosteal injection of crude BMP into femurs of Wistar rats (28 day old) resulted in periosteal cell proliferation with subsequent bone and cartilage formation. Moreover, proliferating periosteal cells migrated into injected BMP, and formed both cartilage and bone. These observations show that exogenous BMP stimulates mesenchymal cells of the periosteum to proliferate and differentiate into osteoblasts, and therefore BMP may be one of factors which are involved in differentiation of osteoblasts in the periosteum.