Tety Hartatik

Identification of Phenotype and the Origin of Rambon Cattle of Indonesia

The aim of this study was to identify the diversity of local cattle in Indonesia. We analyzed the phenotype of Rambon cattle which is a result of crossing between Bos sondaicus (Bali cattle) and Bos indicus. The observation data of exterior characteristics (quantitative) was collected from 101 Bali cattle, 101 Madura cattle, and 54 Rambon cattle. Sixteen morphometric traits were measured on each animal. The parts measured were body length (BL), withers height (WH), rump height (RH), rump length (RL), rump width (RW), heart girth (HG), shoulder width (SW), chest depth (CD), face length (FL), face width (FW), horn length (HL), horn diameter (HD), tail length (TL), tail length with hair (TLH), ear length (EL), and ear width (EW). The sequences of mtDNA cytochrome b (cyt b) gene were analyzed from ten samples of each breed to identify the origin of those cattle compared with Bos taurus (Limousin). This result showed that for the morphostructural differences between Bali, Madura, and Rambon cattle, significant differences were found in all body measurements. We found two clusters exist, one formed by the Bali and Madura breeds and the other by the Rambon breed. We identified the 32 single nucleotide polymorphisms of cyt b gene. Bali and Rambon cattle have the same haplotype. Mostly Madura cattle (80%) have a different haplotype compared with both cattle. Thus, the result clearly shows the diversity of local cattle in Indonesia and based on the molecular analysis suggests that Rambon cattle have their origin maternally from Bali cattle.

The Estimation of Breeding Value of Rams at Technical Implementation Unit Development Center for Livestock Breeding in Margawati Garut, West Java

The objective of this study was to determine breeding value (BV) of rams of Garut sheep at Technical Implementation Unit Development Center for Livestock Breeding Margawati, Garut, West Java. This research was conducted from April 2014 to October 2014. The materials which were used in this study were data record during the last 5 years (2009–2014) that consists of 55 rams and 579 lambs which have weaning weight data. Weaning weight data has previously been corrected based on the type of birth, sex, and weaning age of 100 days. The BV was estimated using the components of heritability and repeatability value which were previously analyzed. The heritability and repeatability values of this study were 0.45 ± 0.08 and 0.34 ± 0.09. Estimation of heritability for weaning weight was calculated using paternal half-sib correlation, and the repeatability was estimated using interclass correlations method. The breeding value was estimated for the absolute value (NPabs) of rams based on weaning weight of the progenies. There were top 10 of dams with the highest BV. The result was sorted by the highest value to the lowest. The highest BV was 16.37 by the name antasena, and the lowest BV has been reported for wayang (15.45). The result of this study can be used as the basis recommendation for selecting rams in Technical Implementation Unit Development Center for Livestock Breeding in Margawati Garut, West Java.

Restriction Enzyme Mapping of Cytochrome B Gene on Angus Grade Cattle

The aim of this study was to identify the position of specific restriction enzyme in mtDNA cytochrome b gene on Angus grade cattle. Angus grade cattle were the result of crossbreeding between Indonesian local cattle with Angus cattle in Sragen, Central Java, Indonesia. Restriction enzyme mapping on mtDNA cytochrome b gene was carried on Angus grade cattle (n=15) and as genetic comparisons were cattle GenBank (n=54) from various breeds and countries. Cytochrome b gene was amplified using a pair of specific primer forward and reverse, resulting 464 bp of amplification product. Bioedit was used for sequence analysis and chosen restriction enzymes with 4- and 6-bases for mapping restriction site. The results showed 46 SNPs, can be grouped into 9 genotypes and Angus grade cattle divided into Type 1 and 2. The nucleotide sequence truncated by 23 restriction enzymes but only 10 restriction enzymes (6 enzyme 4-bases, 4 enzyme 6-bases) were recommended to analyse the cytochrome b gene on Angus grade cattle, that are AciI, AluI, HaeIII, HpyCH4V, TaqI, Tsp509I, BfrBI, NsiI, StuI and XbaI. Angus grade cattle had genetic diversity based on the results of restriction enzyme mapping on cytochrome b gene.

ESTIMASI OUTPUT BABI DI KABUPATEN TABANAN PROVINSI BALI

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk membuat estimasi output pada babi Bali dan babi Landrace di Kabupaten Tabanan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di lima kecamatan di Kabupaten Tabanan dengan mengambil 150 peternak. Data yang diambil adalah identitas peternak, komposisi, dan reproduksi ternak babi Bali dan babi Landrace. Estimasi output dihitung dengan cara pendekatan teori pemuliaan. Hasil dari penelitian ini diketahui bahwa nilai natural increase babi Bali dan babi Landrace sebesar 60,93 dan 116,38%. Nilai net replacement rate jantan dan betina babi Bali dan jantan dan betina babi Landrace sebesar 7.664,29 dan 1.844,05% serta 15.033,33 dan 1.386,47%. Nilai output pada babi Bali jantan dan betina sebesar 30,78 dan 23,58% atau 360 dan 114 ekor serta jantan dan betina pada babi Landrace sebesar 45,57 dan 70,49% atau 6.722 dan 10.009 ekor. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah estimasi output pada babi Bali jantan (30,78%) lebih besar daripada babi Bali betina (23,58%), sedangkan pada estimasi output babi Landrace jantan (45,57%) lebih kecil daripada babi Landrace betina (70,49%). (Kata kunci: Estimasi output, Babi Bali, Babi Landrace)

Gene Polymorphism of Growth Hormone (GH) in One of Indonesian Local Cattle (Madura) and Madura Crossed Cattle

The present study was conducted to identify polymorphisms of the growth hormone (GH) gene in one of the Indonesian local cattle breeds (Madura) and Madura crossed (Limousin-Madura) cattle, and also its association with growth traits. Blood samples of 58 cattle were taken from the population of Madura and Madura crossed, then all cattle were located in the same area in Madura island. A 211 bp fragment of the GH gene (spanning from the fourth intron region to fifth exon) was amplified using GHF (forward) primer: 5’GCTGCTCCTGAGGGCCCTTC-3’, and GHR (reverse): 5’CATGACCCTCAGGTACGTCTCCG-3’. Polymorphism was identified with AluI restriction enzyme. The result indicated that two genotypes LL and LV were found at the GH gene in the population of Madura crossed cattle. The frequencies of L and V alleles were 0.64 and 0.04, respectively. Madura and Madura crossed cattle had a significantly differences in their body weight estimation, chest girth, withers height, and body length. The appearance of the LV genotype in Limousin-Madura had no associated effect with body weight estimation and several body measurement yet detected. Keywords: Polymorphism, growth hormone gene, Madura and Limousin Madura cattle.