Thamara Zacca

The ``Taygetis ypthima species group{''} (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae): taxonomy, variation and description of a new species

Abstract A new species of Taygetis Hübner, [1819] (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae) from southeastern Brazil is described: Taygetis drogoni sp. n. In addition, T. servius Weymer, 1910 and T. fulginia d’Almeida, 1922 are resurrected from synonymy and a taxonomic discussion on the species T. ypthima Hübner, [1821] and T. rectifascia Weymer, 1907 is provided. A dichotomous key for the species is also provided.

Borboletas (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea e Hesperioidea) da porção norte da Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brasil

The knowledge of butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea) diversity in Caatinga biome is incipient when compared to the others Brazilians biomes. Areas considered as priorities for biodiversity conservation in the Caatinga still remain with poor knowledge about their lepidopteran fauna diversity such as the Chapada Diamantina. A study of the diversity of butterflies supported by Programa de Pesquisa em Biodiversidade to the Semiarid region (PPBio) was carried out in two areas considered as priorities for biodiversity conservation in the Caatinga from Bahia State, Morro do Chapeu and Senhor do Bonfim located in the northern portion of the Chapada Diamantina. The samples were realized in dry seasons. A total of 169 species was identified and two of them are new species. Nymphalidae was richest among others butterflies families with 82 species. Two species were registered as endemic to Caatinga.

A new species of Magneuptychia Forster, 1964 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) from Brazilian Savanna

A new species of Satyrinae butterfly from the Brazilian Savanna, Magneuptychia flavofascia n. sp., is described based on adult morphological characters with a discussion about its placement within the genus.

Revision of Godartiana Forster (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae), with the description of a new species from northeastern Brazil

A revision of Godartiana Forster, 1964 (Satyrinae: Euptychiina) is provided, including the description of a new species, G. amadoi Paluch, Zacca & Freitas sp. nov. from Bahia and Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil. Two genera, Cercyeuptychia L. Miller & Emmel, 1971 syn. nov. and Praefaunula Forster, 1964 syn. nov., are herein synonymised with Godartiana, based on morphological and molecular data from mitochondrial gene Cytochrome C Oxidase I and the nuclear genes GAPDH and RpS5. A new taxonomic arrangement is proposed for Godartiana, increasing to five the number of species known in this genus and also synonymising Euptychia liturata Butler, 1867 syn. nov. and E. vesper Butler, 1867 syn. nov. with G. armilla (Butler, 1867) comb. nov. The female genitalia of all species of Godartiana are described and illustrated, information is given on host plants and biology, and the previously unknown immature stages of G. muscosa are described and illustrated.

Description of a new species of Euptychiina (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) from South America

A new species of Magneuptychia Forster, 1964 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae), Magneuptychia andrei Zacca, Casagrande & Mielke sp. n., is described and illustrated from Venezuela, French Guiana, Trinidad and Tobago and northern Brazil. A comparative diagnosis between the new species and Magneuptychia ocypete (Fabricius, 1776), M. fugitiva Lamas, [1997] and Cissia terrestris (Butler, 1867) is also provided due the similarities in wing pattern.

Remarkable sexual dimorphism, rarity and cryptic species: a revision of the ' aegrota species group' of the Neotropical butterfly genus Caeruleuptychia Forster, 1964 with the description of three new species (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae, Satyrinae)

The ‘ aegrota species group’ of the Neotropical nymphalid genus Caeruleuptychia Forster, 1964, in addition to three other superficially similar, enigmatic species in the genus, are revised. A lectotype is designated for Euptychia aegrota Butler, 1867, E. aetherialis Butler, 1877 stat. rev. , E. helios Weymer, 1911 and E. pilata Butler, 1867, and C. aetherialis is resurrected from its synonymy with C. aegrota . Caeruleuptychia helios caelestissima Brevignon, 2010, syn. nov. , and Magneuptychia keltoumae Brevignon & Benmesbah, 2012, syn. nov. are both regarded as junior subjective synonyms of C. helios (Weymer, 1911), as a result of the discovery and first illustration of the female of this taxon. The female of C. aegrota is also described and illustrated for the first time, and three new species, C. trembathi Willmott, Nakahara, Hall & Neild, sp. nov. , C. scripta Nakahara, Zacca & Huertas, sp. nov. , and C. maryzenderae Lamas & Nakahara, sp. nov. are described and named. We analyze morphological and molecular data separately, in addition to combining morphological data with molecular data, to provide the first phylogenetic hypothesis for the taxa treated in this revision.

A new subspecies of Pierella lena (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) in northeastern Brazil

Abstract Pierella lena atlantica Paluch, Zacca & Siewert ssp. nov. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) is described from the Atlantic Forest of Bahia (Itanagra, Una, and Cachoeira), Brazil. A discussion about this new taxon and its relationship with the other subspecies of P. lena (Linnaeus, 1767) are provided, as are the first illustrations of the female genitalia and an identification key to adults of Pierella hyalinus (Gmelin, [1790]) and P. lena from South America.

Taxonomic notes on Papilio ocypete Fabricius, 1776 and Papilio helle Cramer, 1779 with description of two new similar species from South America (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae)

The discovery of a new species of satyrine butterfly, Magneuptychia louisammour Benmesbah Zacca, sp. n., that is phenotypically similar to a sympatric species widely known as Magneuptychia ocypete (Fabricius, 1776), led to a review of the taxonomic status of M. ocypete. A neotype for Papilio ocypete Fabricius, 1776 is designated and its redescription is provided. Neonympha sabina C. Felder R. Felder, 1867 and Euptychia helle var. olivacea Aurivillius, 1929 are treated as junior subjective synonyms of P. ocypete and a lectotype is designated for each name. A neotype for the preoccupied name Papilio helle Cramer, 1779, and its replacement name Magneuptychia fugitiva Lamas, [1997], is also designated, and a redescription of this name and discussion of its taxonomic status are provided. We describe an additional phenotypically similar species, Magneuptychia kamel Benmesbah Zacca, sp. n. from the western Amazon and raise the name Magneuptychia opima sheba Brévignon Benmesbah, 2012 to species rank (stat. rev.) on the basis of morphological and DNA sequence evidence. We also discuss the difficulties regarding taxonomic and geographical delimitation in these complex species groups. Observations on Euptychiina behaviour are also provided. Finally, based on external characters and male genitalia, a proposed preliminary arrangement of two species groups is proposed, including other species of Magneuptychia Forster, 1964 and Cissia Doubleday, 1848.

Systematics of the Neotropical genus PampasatyrusHayward, 1953 (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae: Pronophilina), with description of three new taxa

The first cladistic analysis of the genus Pampasatyrus Hayward, 1953 is presented based on morphological evidence. The monophyly of Pampasatyrus is corroborated with previous molecular hypothesis, and supported by two synapomorphies and six homoplastic characters. Haywardella Herrera, 1966 stat. rest. is recovered as sister group of Pampasatyrus , and both are closely related to a clade composed by Argyrophorus Blanchard, 1852 , Etcheverrius Herrera, 1965 and Quilaphoethosus Herrera, 1966. Furthermore, three new subspecies are described: Pampasatyrus gyrtone biezankoi Zacca, Pyrcz, Mielke & Casagrande, ssp. n. from southern Brazil, Pampasatyrus reticulata gagarini Zacca, Pyrcz, Mielke & Casagrande, ssp. n. from Sao Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and Pampasatyrus glaucope eberti Pyrcz & Zacca, ssp. n. from Sao Paulo, Brazil. Neotypes to Faunula johanna Weymer, 1911 and Neomaenas reticulata Weymer, 1907 are herein designated. Lectotypes to Epinephele gyrtone Berg, 1877, Cosmosatyrus nilesi Weeks, 1902, Epinephele friedenreichi Staudinger, 1888 and Satyrus quies Berg, 1877 are also designated. A catalogue, diagnosis, illustrations, photos and distributional maps are provided for all the taxa, including an identification key.

Taxonomic revision of the “ Pierella lamia species group” (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) with descriptions of four new species from Brazil

Four new species of Pierella Westwood, 1851 from Brazil are described: P. angeloi Zacca, Siewert & Mielke sp. nov. from Maranhão, P. kesselringi Zacca, Siewert & Paluch sp. nov. from Paraíba, Pernambuco, Alagoas and Sergipe, P. nice Zacca, Siewert & Paluch sp. nov. from Bahia and P. keithbrowni Siewert, Zacca & Casagrande sp. nov. from Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo, Paraná and Santa Catarina. Additionally, P. chalybaea Godman, 1905 stat. rest. and P. boliviana F.M. Brown, 1948 stat. nov. are recognized as valid species and not as subspecies of P. lamia (Sulzer, 1776), while P. l. colombiana Constantino & Salazar, 2007 syn. nov. is synonymized to the former. Lectotype and paralectotype of Papilio dyndimene Cramer, 1779 (a synonym of Pierella lamia) and Pierella chalybaea Godman, 1905 stat. rest. are designated. Habitus and illustrations of male and female genitalia are provided for all species, as well as a geographical distribution map.