Thamir K. Ibrahim

Influence of Operation Conditions and Ambient Temperature on Performance of Gas Turbine Power Plant

This paper presents the effect of ambient temperature and operation conditions (compression ratio, turbine inlet temperature, air to fuel ratio and efficiency of compressor and turbine) on the performance of gas turbine power plant. The computational model was developed utilizing the MATLAB codes. Turbine work found to be decreases as ambient temperature increases as well as the thermal efficiency decreases. It can be seen that the thermal efficiency increases linearly with increases of compression ratio while decreases of ambient temperature. The specific fuel consumption increases with increases of ambient temperature and lower turbine inlet temperature. The effect of variation of SFC is more significance at higher ambient temperature than lower temperature. It is observed that the thermal efficiency linearly increases at lower compressor ratio as well as higher turbine inlet temperature until certain value of compression ratio. The variation of thermal efficiency is more significance at higher compression ratio and lower turbine inlet temperature. Even though at lower turbine inlet temperature is decrement the thermal efficiency dramatically and the SFC decreases linearly with increases of compression ratio and turbine inlet temperature at lower range until certain value then increases dramatically for lower turbine inlet temperature.

Optimum Performance Improvements of the Combined Cycle Based on an Intercooler–Reheated Gas Turbine

The performance enhancements and modeling of the gas turbine (GT), together with the combined cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power plant, are described in this study. The thermal analysis has proposed intercooler–reheated-GT (IHGT) configuration of the CCGT system, as well as the development of a simulation code and integrated model for exploiting the CCGT power plants performance, using the MATLAB code. The validation of a heavy-duty CCGT power plants performance is done through real power plants, namely, MARAFIQ CCGT plants in Saudi Arabia with satisfactory results. The results from this simulation show that the higher thermal efficiency of 56% MW, while high power output of 1640 MW, occurred in IHGT combined cycle plants (IHGTCC), having an optimal turbine inlet temperature about 1900 K. Furthermore, the CCGT system proposed in the study has improved power output by 94%. The results of optimization show that the IHGTCC has optimum power of 1860 MW and thermal efficiency of 59%. Therefore, the ambient temperatures and operation conditions of the CCGT strongly affect their performance. The optimum level of power and efficiency is seen at high turbine inlet temperatures and isentropic turbine efficiency. Thus, it can be understood that the models developed in this study are useful tools for estimating the CCGT power plant’s performance

Effective Parameters on Performance of Multipressure Combined Cycle Power Plants

A parametric analysis is performed for numerous configurations of a combined-cycle gas turbine (CCGT) power plant, including single-pressure, double-pressure, triple-pressure, triple-pressure with reheat, and supplementary triple-pressure with reheat. The compression ratio of the gas turbine and the steam pressure of the steam turbine are taken as design parameters. The thermodynamic model was developed based on an existing MARAFIQ CCGT power plant and performance model code developed using the THERMOFLEX software. The results show that the highest overall power and thermal efficiency occurs for the supplementary triple pressure with reheat CCGT configuration. The overall efficiency increases with an increase of the compression ratio to 18–20, depending on the configuration of the CCGT, then decreases with any further increase of compression ratio. The triple-pressure with reheat CCGT configuration has the highest overall thermal efficiency. The specific fuel consumption decreases with an increase of the compression ratio to 18–20, and the triple-pressure with reheat CCGT has the lowest specific fuel consumption. The simulation model gives good results compared with the MARAFIQ CCGT power plant. Consequently, it can be stated that the compression ratio and steam pressure strongly influence the overall power and thermal efficiency of CCGTs.

Parametric study of a two-shaft gas turbine cycle model of power plant

In this paper, the parametric study of a two shafts gas turbine cycle model of the power plant was proposed. The power output, compression work, specific fuel consumption and thermal efficiency are evaluated with respect to the cycle temperature and compression ratio for a typical set of operating conditions. Two shafts gas turbine cycle with realistic parameters is modeled. The computational model was developed utilizing the MATLAB codes. Turbine work found to be decreases as ambient temperature increases as well as the thermal efficiency decreases. It can be seen that the thermal efficiency and power output increases linearly with increases of compression ratio while decreases of ambient temperature. The power of the simulated two shafts gas turbine reach to 135MW, which is higher than the simple gas-turbine cycle (Baiji gas turbine power plant, power < 131MW). The specific fuel consumption increases with increases of ambient temperature as well as the lower turbine inlet temperature. Even though at the lower turbine inlet temperature is decrement the thermal efficiency dramatically and the power output increases linearly with increases of compression ratio and decreases the ambient temperature.

Effect of Solar Fraction on the Economic and Environmental Performance of Solar Air-Conditioning by Adsorption Chiller in a Tropical Region

Solar air-conditioning (AC) is an attractive AC system but it has intermittent output, and therefore, a conventional heater is needed as a backup. This study presents the effect of ratio of heat delivered by solar (Qsolar) to the total heat delivered to an adsorption chiller (Qsolar + Qheater) or solar fraction (SF) on the economic and environmental performance of a solar AC. This solar AC is not a solar-assisted AC, and therefore, it needs to fully cover the cooling load. The cooling demand of an office building in Kuala Lumpur, and the performance of flat-plate collectors and the adsorption chiller were calculated by equest and watsun software and by a mathematical model, respectively. Economic performance was analyzed by life-cycle cost analysis, whereas the environmental performance was analyzed by using typical emissions rate of energy systems used. It was found that a boiler was a better solution than an electric heater as a backup heater. Furthermore, the net profit (NP) at lower SF was higher because of its lower capital investment, but more emissions were released compared to the conventional AC because of the boiler operation. Thus, when economic and environmental performance were fairly considered, it is appropriate to have solar AC with an SF around 0.74.

Performance and emissions of gasoline blended with fusel oil that a potential using as an octane enhancer

ABSTRACT Fusel oil produced in small quantities as a by-product obtained through the fermentation of some agricultural products. Thereby the possibility of using fusel oil to replace gasoline or blending at high percentage unavailing. The fusel oil has both high research and motor octane rating RON and MON (106 and 103). This paper examines the impact of using fusel oil as an octane enhancer for gasoline fuel on the performance, combustion and emissions of 4-cylinder spark ignition engine. The test was achieved at two ratios of fusel oil -gasoline blends and pure gasoline at different speeds and loads. The fusel oil is showed to be a novel and useful octane enhancer for gasoline blendstocks in a spark ignition engine. Furthermore, fusel oil is a suitable candidate fusel for octane enhancer on-demand applications and further experimentation in spark ignition engine warranted. The high octane number and oxygen content of fusel oil lead to improving the engine performance under high engine speed and rich mixture (ƛ < 1) due to the complete combustion. The brake power and BTE enhanced with fusel oil compared to gasoline while BSFC increased. The NOx emission decreased as the fusel oil used While the HC and CO2 emissions increased.

Experimental analysis on a novel low-temperature vacuum drying with induced nucleation technique for dewatering stingless bees honey

ABSTRACT Honey spoilage is a major problem in storing stingless bee honey. A new method of honey dewatering was developed using a low-temperature vacuum drying with induced nucleation technique. The research’s objective is to investigate the performance of this method in reducing honey’s water content. Two different dewatering temperatures were applied until honey’s water content reached below 20%. The honey’s chemical compound before–after dewatering from one of the samples was tested using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) analysis. The dewatering rate improves significantly with higher temperature. The NMR analysis result found no changes in chemical compound before–after experiment except for ethanol.

A study on the power generation potential of mini wind turbine in east coast of Peninsular Malaysia

A small-scale wind turbine is an attractive renewable energy source, but its economic viability depends on wind speed. The aim of this study is to determine economic viability of small-scale wind turbine in East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. The potential energy generated has been determined by wind speed data and power curved of. Hourly wind speed data of Kuantan throughout 2015 was collected as the input. Then, a model of wind turbine was developed based on a commercial a 300W mini wind turbine. It was found that power generation is 3 times higher during northeast monsoon season at 15 m elevation. This proved that the northeast monsoon season has higher potential in generating power by wind turbine in East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia. However, only a total of 153.4 kWh/year of power can be generated at this condition. The power generator utilization factor PGUI or capacity ratio was merely 0.06 and it is not technically viable. By increasing the height of wind turbine to 60 m elevation, power generatio...

Investigation on wear characteristic of biopolymer gear

Polymer is widely used in many mechanical components such as gear. With the world going to a more green and sustainable environment, polymers which are bio based are being recognized as a replacement for conventional polymers based on fossil fuel. The use of biopolymer in mechanical components especially gear have not been fully explored yet. This research focuses on biopolymer for spur gear and whether the conventional method to investigate wear characteristic is applicable. The spur gears are produced by injection moulding and tested on several speeds using a custom test equipment. The wear formation such as tooth fracture, tooth deformation, debris and weight loss was observed on the biopolymer spur gear. It was noted that the biopolymer gear wear mechanism was similar with other type of polymer spur gears. It also undergoes stages of wear which are; running in, linear and rapid. It can be said that the wear mechanism of biopolymer spur gear is comparable to fossil fuel based polymer spur gear.