Thiago Alves

Remuneração e características do trabalho docente no Brasil: um aporte

O objetivo do artigo e descrever algumas caracteristicas do trabalho docente e comparar a remuneracao dos professores a de outros profissionais com o mesmo nivel de formacao. Para isso, foram analisados os microdados da Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicilios e do Censo Escolar de 2009. Os dados foram examinados por meio de tecnicas descritivas e inferenciais. Os resultados evidenciaram, entre outros aspectos, desafios relativos a formacao, uma vez que um terco dos professores do ensino fundamental e 50% da educacao infantil nao sao formados em nivel superior; as condicoes de trabalho, pois expressivo numero de docentes trabalha em mais de uma escola e leciona para grande numero de alunos por turma; e a remuneracao, ja que o nivel socioeconomico dos professores e o rendimento de seu trabalho e menor que o de outros profissionais com nivel de formacao equivalente ou mesmo inferior.

Lipodystrophy diagnosis in people living with HIV/AIDS: prediction and validation of sex-specific anthropometric models

BackgroundBody composition alterations, or lipodystrophy, can lead to serious health problems in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The objectives of this study are to predict and validate sex-specific anthropometric predictive models for the diagnosis of lipodystrophy in PLWHA.MethodsA cross-sectional design was employed to recruit 106 PLWHA (men = 65 and women = 41) in Brazil during 2013–2014. They were evaluated using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, and 19 regions of body perimeters and 6 skinfold thicknesses were taken. Sex-specific predictive models for lipodystrophy diagnosis were developed through stepwise linear regression analysis. Cross-validations using predicted residual error sum of squares was performed to validate each predictive model.ResultsResults support the use of anthropometry for the diagnosis of lipodystrophy in men and women living with HIV/AIDS. A high power of determination with a small degree of error was observed for lipodystrophy diagnosis for men in model six (r2 = 0.77, SEE = 0.14, r2PRESS = 0.73, SEE PRESS = 0.15), that included ratio of skinfold thickness of subscapular to medial calf, skinfold thickness of thigh, body circumference of waist, formal education years, time of diagnosis to HIV months, and type of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) (with protease inhibitor “WI/PI = 1” or without protease inhibitor “WO/PI = 0”); and model five for women (r2 = 0.78, SEE = 0.11, r2PRESS = 0.71, SEE PRESS = 0.12), that included skinfold thickness of thigh, skinfold thickness of subscapular, time of exposure to cART months, body circumference of chest, and race (Asian) (“Yes” for Asian race = 1; “No” = 0).ConclusionsThe proposed anthropometric models advance the field of public health by facilitating early diagnosis and better management of lipodystrophy, a serious adverse health effect experienced by PLWHA.