Thomas L. Gift

The Estimated Direct Medical Cost of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among American Youth, 2000

CONTEXT Each year, millions of U.S. youth acquire sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Estimates of the economic burden of STDs can help to quantify the impact of STDs on the nations youth and on the payers of the cost of their medical care. METHODS We synthesized the existing literature on STD costs to estimate the lifetime medical cost per case of eight major STDs-HIV, human papillomavirus (HPV), genital herpes simplex virus type 2, hepatitis B, chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis and syphilis. We then estimated the total burden of disease by multiplying these cost-per-case estimates by the approximate number of new cases of STDs acquired by youth aged 15-24. RESULTS The total estimated burden of the nine million new cases of these STDs that occurred among 15-24-year-olds in 2000 was

The Estimated Direct Medical Cost of Selected Sexually Transmitted Infections in the United States, 2008

6.5 billion (in year 2000 dollars). Viral STDs accounted for 94% of the total burden (

The rapid test paradox: when fewer cases detected lead to more cases treated: a decision analysis of tests for Chlamydia trachomatis.

6.2 billion), and nonviral STDs accounted for 6% of the total burden (

Patient-delivered partner treatment for Trichomonas vaginalis infection: a randomized controlled trial.

0.4 billion). HIV and HPV were by far the most costly STDs in terms of total estimated direct medical costs, accounting for 90% of the total burden (

Cost-effectiveness of universal screening for chlamydia and gonorrhea in US jails

5.9 billion). CONCLUSIONS The large number of infections acquired by persons aged 15-24 and the high cost per case of viral STDs, particularly HIV, create a substantial economic burden.

The program cost and cost-effectiveness of screening men for Chlamydia to prevent pelvic inflammatory disease in women.

Background Millions of cases of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) occur in the United States each year, resulting in substantial medical costs to the nation. Previous estimates of the total direct cost of STIs are quite dated. We present updated direct medical cost estimates of STIs in the United States. Methods We assembled recent (i.e., 2002–2011) cost estimates to determine the lifetime cost per case of 8 major STIs (chlamydia, gonorrhea, hepatitis B virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), human papillomavirus, genital herpes simplex virus type 2, trichomoniasis and syphilis). The total direct cost for each STI was computed as the product of the number of new or newly diagnosed cases in 2008 and the estimated discounted lifetime cost per case. All costs were adjusted to 2010 US dollars. Results Results indicated that the total lifetime direct medical cost of the 19.7 million cases of STIs that occurred among persons of all ages in 2008 in the United States was

Estimating the Population Sizes of Men Who Have Sex With Men in US States and Counties Using Data From the American Community Survey.

15.6 (range,

Cost-effectiveness of on-site antenatal screening to prevent congenital syphilis in rural eastern Cape Province, Republic of South Africa.

11.0–

The cost-effectiveness of screening men who have sex with men for rectal chlamydial and gonococcal infection to prevent HIV Infection.

20.6) billion. Total costs were as follows: chlamydia (

The cost-effectiveness of screening men for Chlamydia trachomatis: a review of the literature.

516.7 [