Tiago Facchini Panigas

Effects of Campomanesia xanthocarpa on biochemical, hematological and oxidative stress parameters in hypercholesterolemic patients.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCEnIn Southern Brazil, the plant Campomanesia xanthocarpa Berg. (Myrtaceae), popularly known as guavirova, has been empirically used for its potential effect in reducing blood cholesterol levels.nnnAIM OF THE STUDYnSince there are no scientific data confirming its popular use, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Campomanesia xanthocarpa on biochemical, hematological, anthropometrical and oxidative stress parameters in hypercholesterolemic patients.nnnMATERIALS AND METHODSnThirty three patients were selected according to total cholesterol (TC) levels: 200-240 mg/dL, undesirable level (UL), and >240 mg/dL, hypercholesterolemic level (HL). UL or HL patients were randomly divided into control group (CG), which received placebo capsules, and experimental group 250 (EG 250) or 500 (EG 500), which received either 250 or 500 mg of encapsulated Campomanesia xanthocarpa. All groups received a cholesterol restriction diet and capsules once a day. The biochemical (TC, triglycerides, HDL, LDL and VLDL), hematological (hematocrit and hemoglobin), anthropometrical (weight and abdominal circumference) and oxidative stress (protein carbonyl) parameters were measured before, 45 and 90 days after the treatment started.nnnRESULTSnThere was no alteration on biochemical, hematological, anthropometric or oxidative stress parameters in UL patients of all groups. However, a significant decrease in TC and LDL levels was observed in HL patients from EG 500 group (reduction of 28+/-3% and 45+/-4% to levels before treatment) in relation to CG group patients (reduction of 12+/-2% and 29+/-4%). Moreover, a significant reduction in oxidative stress was observed in HL patients of EG 250 (51+/-12%) and EG 500 groups (34+/-18%) when compared to levels before treatment. A positive correlation between plasma oxidative stress PC and TC levels was observed. Finally, we found that Campomanesia xanthocarpa extract possesses anti-oxidant properties and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitory activity in vitro.nnnCONCLUSIONnConfirming its popular use, the treatment with Campomanesia xanthocarpa encapsulated reduced blood TC and LDL levels in hypercholesterolemic patients.

Curva dose-resposta do exercício em hipertensos: análise do número de sessões para efeito hipotensor

BACKGROUNDnThe effect of exercise on blood pressure (BP) is already known; however, the dose-response curve of the hypotensive effect of exercise in hypertensive individuals is yet to be clarified.nnnOBJECTIVEnTo evaluate the dose-response curve of the number of sessions that are necessary to cause a hypotensive effect in hypertensive individuals.nnnMETHODSn88 individuals, aged 58 +/- 11 years, divided in Experimental group (EG), with 48 that participated in a physical exercise program (PEP), which consisted of 40 minutes of aerobic exercises performed 3x/week, for 3 months, at 70% of the VO2max, and muscular exercises at 40% of the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and Control Group (CG) with 40 individuals that did not participate in the PEP. The systolic (SAP) and diastolic (DAP) arterial pressures were measured before each of the 36 sessions in the EG and assessed by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in the CG. Differences in BP, the variation rate (D%) and the maximum hypotensive effect (MHE%) were observed between sessions. The data were expressed as means +/- SD; the t test and correlation were used, with p<0.05 being considered significant.nnnRESULTSnThere was no difference regarding BP values in the CG. The EG showed an important decrease of 15 mmHg in SAP and 7 mmHg in DAP, with a large part of this effect occurring as early as the first session and the majority up to the 5th session. There was a strong inverse correlation (R:-0.66) with the number of sessions.nnnCONCLUSIONnAn important hypotensive effect was observed from the 1st session on and it was observed that the dose-response curve can be abrupt and decrescent, instead of flat.FUNDAMENTO: Ya se conoce el efecto del ejercicio en la presion arterial, sin embargo, la curva dosis-respuesta del efecto hipotensor del ejercicio en hipertensos no esta aclarada aun. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la curva dosis-respuesta del numero de sesiones necesarias para causar efecto hipotensor en individuos hipertensos. METODOS: El estudio estaba conformado por 88 individuos, con 58 ± 11 anos, divididos en grupo experimental (GE) -conformado por 48 integrantes de un programa de ejercicio fisico (PEF) de tres meses, tres veces por semana, con 40 de ejercicio aerobio al 70% del VO2max y ejercicios musculares al 40% de la capacidad voluntaria maxima (CVM); y grupo-control (GC) con 40 individuos que no realizaron el PEF. Se midieron las presiones arteriales sistolica (PAS) y diastolica (PAD) del GE antes de cada una de las 36 sesiones y en el GC se las evaluaron por monitoreo ambulatorio de presion arterial (MAPA). Se observaron las diferencias en la PA, el indice de variacion (D%) y el efecto hipotensor maximo (EHM%) entre las sesiones. Los datos estaban expresados por promedio ± desviacion estandar, y se utilizo la prueba t y correlacion, tomando p < 0,05 como valor significativo. RESULTADOS: En el GC no hubo diferencia en los valores de presion arterial. En el GE, luego del PEF, ocurrio un descenso importante de 15 mmHg en la PAS y de 7 mmHg en la PAD; y una gran parte de ese efecto tuvo lugar ya en la primera sesion, y la mayor parte sucedio hasta la quinta sesion. Hubo una fuerte correlacion inversa (R: -0,66) con el numero de sesiones. CONCLUSION: En la primera sesion, ya ocurrio efecto hipotensor importante. Tambien se evidencio que la curva dosis-respuesta pode ser abrupta y decreciente en lugar de achatada.

Redução dos níveis pressóricos em indivíduos hiper-reativos após treinamento físico aeróbio

BACKGROUNDnSome normotensive sedentary individuals have an exaggerated increase in blood pressure (BP) during physical activity, which is a behavior that is called blood pressure hyper-reactivity.nnnOBJECTIVEnTo investigate the effect of an aerobic exercise program (AEP) on blood pressure in individuals with blood pressure hyper-reactivity (BPH).nnnMETHODSnTen male volunteers with BPH, aged 45 ± 10 years, referred to as the experimental group (EG), took part in an AEP on a treadmill, 3 times a week for two months. They were compared to 14 men with BPH, aged 48 ± 8 years, referred to as the control group (CG), who remained sedentary. The subjects were evaluated before and after the AEP by stress test for comparison purposes. We evaluated the initial, peak and test-end heart rates (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP).nnnRESULTSnThere a significant decrease in the initial SBP (-5%; p=0.01), initial DBP (-4.6%; p=0.01), peak SBP (-12.4%; p=0.001), peak DBP (-14.7%; p=0.03), final SBP (-4.6%, p=0.03) in the EG. The CG continued with its hyper-reactive behavior, which evolved to more exaggerated levels when the results before and after the study were compared (p<0.04). In the HR, there was an increase only in the final HR, of 11.3 bpm, after training (p=0.02). The test-peak VO2 increased by 4.4 ml.kg(-1) x min(-1) in the EG (p=0.01) and remained similar in the CG.nnnCONCLUSIONnThe AEP normalized the behavior of the blood pressure hyper-reactivity in sedentary men.

Ausência de influência da massa corporal na redução da pressão arterial após exercício físico

BACKGROUNDnHypertension (H) is associated with a large number of co-morbidities, including obesity. The correlation between two variables has been investigated.nnnOBJECTIVEnTo analyze the correlation between the loss of body mass and blood pressure reduction in hypertensive patients undergoing exercising programs (EP).nnnMETHODSnOne hundred eleven hypertensive patients with overweight or obesity were randomly divided into an experimental group (EG). Out of these, 57 (58 +/- 8.9 years old) participated in a three-month EP conducted three times a week in aerobic exercise sessions from 50% to 70% of VO2 peak for 30 to 60 minutes and resistance exercises; and a control group (CG) with 54 (60 +/- 7.7 years old) who did not participate in the EP. In the EG, blood pressure (BP) was measured before each session and the measurement of anthropometric variables (AV) at the beginning of the program and after three months. In the CG the BP and the VA were evaluated in the doctors office at the beginning and at the end of the study. Data were expressed as mean +/- standard deviation (SD). Pearson correlation and t test were used. A value of p < 0.05 was considered significant.nnnRESULTSnIn the CG there was no significant difference in AV and BP at the beginning and at the end of the study. In the EG, there was no significant alteration in the AV, however, there was blood pressure reduction of 12% in systolic BP (-17.5 mmHg, p = 0.001) and 9% in Diastolic BP (-8.1 mmHg, p = 0. 01) at the end of the study. There was no correlation between the AV and decrease in BP (r = 0.1).nnnCONCLUSIONnThe blood pressure reduction was not correlated with reduction of anthropometric measures after the exercising period.FUNDAMENTO: A hipertensao arterial (HA) e associada com um grande numero de comorbidades, dentre elas, a obesidade. A correlacao entre essas duas variaveis tem sido alvo de investigacao. OBJETIVO: Analisar a correlacao entre a perda de massa corporal e reducao pressorica em hipertensos submetidos a programa de exercicios fisicos (PEF). METODOS: Cento e onze hipertensos com sobrepeso ou obesidade, divididos aleatoriamente em um grupo experimental (GE), com 57 (58 ± 8,9 anos) que participaram de um PEF de tres meses, tres vezes por semana, em sessoes de exercicio aerobio de 50% a 70% do VO2pico, por 30 a 60 minutos, alem de exercicios resistidos; e um grupo controle (GC), com 54 (60 ± 7,7 anos) que nao participaram do PEF. No GE, a pressao arterial (PA) foi aferida antes de cada sessao e a mensuracao das variaveis antropometricas (VA) no inicio do programa e apos tres meses. No GC a PA e as VA foram avaliadas em consultorio medico no inicio e fim do estudo. Os dados foram expressos por media ± desvio padrao (DP), usou-se teste t e correlacao de Pearson. Considerou-se significativo p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: No GC nao ocorreu diferenca significativa nas VA e PA no inicio e fim do estudo. No GE nao ocorreu alteracao significativa nas VA, no entanto, a reducao pressorica de 12% na PA Sistolica (-17,5 mmHg; p = 0,001) e de 9% na PA Diastolica (-8,1 mmHg; p = 0,01) ao final do estudo. Nao houve correlacao entre as VA e queda da PA (r = 0,1). CONCLUSAO: A reducao pressorica nao se correlacionou com reducao das medidas antropometricas apos periodo de exercicio fisico.

Dose-response curve to exercise in hypertensive individuals: analysis of the number of sessions to the hypotensive effect

BACKGROUNDnThe effect of exercise on blood pressure (BP) is already known; however, the dose-response curve of the hypotensive effect of exercise in hypertensive individuals is yet to be clarified.nnnOBJECTIVEnTo evaluate the dose-response curve of the number of sessions that are necessary to cause a hypotensive effect in hypertensive individuals.nnnMETHODSn88 individuals, aged 58 +/- 11 years, divided in Experimental group (EG), with 48 that participated in a physical exercise program (PEP), which consisted of 40 minutes of aerobic exercises performed 3x/week, for 3 months, at 70% of the VO2max, and muscular exercises at 40% of the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and Control Group (CG) with 40 individuals that did not participate in the PEP. The systolic (SAP) and diastolic (DAP) arterial pressures were measured before each of the 36 sessions in the EG and assessed by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in the CG. Differences in BP, the variation rate (D%) and the maximum hypotensive effect (MHE%) were observed between sessions. The data were expressed as means +/- SD; the t test and correlation were used, with p<0.05 being considered significant.nnnRESULTSnThere was no difference regarding BP values in the CG. The EG showed an important decrease of 15 mmHg in SAP and 7 mmHg in DAP, with a large part of this effect occurring as early as the first session and the majority up to the 5th session. There was a strong inverse correlation (R:-0.66) with the number of sessions.nnnCONCLUSIONnAn important hypotensive effect was observed from the 1st session on and it was observed that the dose-response curve can be abrupt and decrescent, instead of flat.FUNDAMENTO: Ya se conoce el efecto del ejercicio en la presion arterial, sin embargo, la curva dosis-respuesta del efecto hipotensor del ejercicio en hipertensos no esta aclarada aun. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la curva dosis-respuesta del numero de sesiones necesarias para causar efecto hipotensor en individuos hipertensos. METODOS: El estudio estaba conformado por 88 individuos, con 58 ± 11 anos, divididos en grupo experimental (GE) -conformado por 48 integrantes de un programa de ejercicio fisico (PEF) de tres meses, tres veces por semana, con 40 de ejercicio aerobio al 70% del VO2max y ejercicios musculares al 40% de la capacidad voluntaria maxima (CVM); y grupo-control (GC) con 40 individuos que no realizaron el PEF. Se midieron las presiones arteriales sistolica (PAS) y diastolica (PAD) del GE antes de cada una de las 36 sesiones y en el GC se las evaluaron por monitoreo ambulatorio de presion arterial (MAPA). Se observaron las diferencias en la PA, el indice de variacion (D%) y el efecto hipotensor maximo (EHM%) entre las sesiones. Los datos estaban expresados por promedio ± desviacion estandar, y se utilizo la prueba t y correlacion, tomando p < 0,05 como valor significativo. RESULTADOS: En el GC no hubo diferencia en los valores de presion arterial. En el GE, luego del PEF, ocurrio un descenso importante de 15 mmHg en la PAS y de 7 mmHg en la PAD; y una gran parte de ese efecto tuvo lugar ya en la primera sesion, y la mayor parte sucedio hasta la quinta sesion. Hubo una fuerte correlacion inversa (R: -0,66) con el numero de sesiones. CONCLUSION: En la primera sesion, ya ocurrio efecto hipotensor importante. Tambien se evidencio que la curva dosis-respuesta pode ser abrupta y decreciente en lugar de achatada.

Lack of influence of body mass on blood pressure reduction after exercising

BACKGROUNDnHypertension (H) is associated with a large number of co-morbidities, including obesity. The correlation between two variables has been investigated.nnnOBJECTIVEnTo analyze the correlation between the loss of body mass and blood pressure reduction in hypertensive patients undergoing exercising programs (EP).nnnMETHODSnOne hundred eleven hypertensive patients with overweight or obesity were randomly divided into an experimental group (EG). Out of these, 57 (58 +/- 8.9 years old) participated in a three-month EP conducted three times a week in aerobic exercise sessions from 50% to 70% of VO2 peak for 30 to 60 minutes and resistance exercises; and a control group (CG) with 54 (60 +/- 7.7 years old) who did not participate in the EP. In the EG, blood pressure (BP) was measured before each session and the measurement of anthropometric variables (AV) at the beginning of the program and after three months. In the CG the BP and the VA were evaluated in the doctors office at the beginning and at the end of the study. Data were expressed as mean +/- standard deviation (SD). Pearson correlation and t test were used. A value of p < 0.05 was considered significant.nnnRESULTSnIn the CG there was no significant difference in AV and BP at the beginning and at the end of the study. In the EG, there was no significant alteration in the AV, however, there was blood pressure reduction of 12% in systolic BP (-17.5 mmHg, p = 0.001) and 9% in Diastolic BP (-8.1 mmHg, p = 0. 01) at the end of the study. There was no correlation between the AV and decrease in BP (r = 0.1).nnnCONCLUSIONnThe blood pressure reduction was not correlated with reduction of anthropometric measures after the exercising period.FUNDAMENTO: A hipertensao arterial (HA) e associada com um grande numero de comorbidades, dentre elas, a obesidade. A correlacao entre essas duas variaveis tem sido alvo de investigacao. OBJETIVO: Analisar a correlacao entre a perda de massa corporal e reducao pressorica em hipertensos submetidos a programa de exercicios fisicos (PEF). METODOS: Cento e onze hipertensos com sobrepeso ou obesidade, divididos aleatoriamente em um grupo experimental (GE), com 57 (58 ± 8,9 anos) que participaram de um PEF de tres meses, tres vezes por semana, em sessoes de exercicio aerobio de 50% a 70% do VO2pico, por 30 a 60 minutos, alem de exercicios resistidos; e um grupo controle (GC), com 54 (60 ± 7,7 anos) que nao participaram do PEF. No GE, a pressao arterial (PA) foi aferida antes de cada sessao e a mensuracao das variaveis antropometricas (VA) no inicio do programa e apos tres meses. No GC a PA e as VA foram avaliadas em consultorio medico no inicio e fim do estudo. Os dados foram expressos por media ± desvio padrao (DP), usou-se teste t e correlacao de Pearson. Considerou-se significativo p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: No GC nao ocorreu diferenca significativa nas VA e PA no inicio e fim do estudo. No GE nao ocorreu alteracao significativa nas VA, no entanto, a reducao pressorica de 12% na PA Sistolica (-17,5 mmHg; p = 0,001) e de 9% na PA Diastolica (-8,1 mmHg; p = 0,01) ao final do estudo. Nao houve correlacao entre as VA e queda da PA (r = 0,1). CONCLUSAO: A reducao pressorica nao se correlacionou com reducao das medidas antropometricas apos periodo de exercicio fisico.

Ausencia de influencia de la masa corporal en la reducción de la presión arterial después del ejercicio físico

BACKGROUNDnHypertension (H) is associated with a large number of co-morbidities, including obesity. The correlation between two variables has been investigated.nnnOBJECTIVEnTo analyze the correlation between the loss of body mass and blood pressure reduction in hypertensive patients undergoing exercising programs (EP).nnnMETHODSnOne hundred eleven hypertensive patients with overweight or obesity were randomly divided into an experimental group (EG). Out of these, 57 (58 +/- 8.9 years old) participated in a three-month EP conducted three times a week in aerobic exercise sessions from 50% to 70% of VO2 peak for 30 to 60 minutes and resistance exercises; and a control group (CG) with 54 (60 +/- 7.7 years old) who did not participate in the EP. In the EG, blood pressure (BP) was measured before each session and the measurement of anthropometric variables (AV) at the beginning of the program and after three months. In the CG the BP and the VA were evaluated in the doctors office at the beginning and at the end of the study. Data were expressed as mean +/- standard deviation (SD). Pearson correlation and t test were used. A value of p < 0.05 was considered significant.nnnRESULTSnIn the CG there was no significant difference in AV and BP at the beginning and at the end of the study. In the EG, there was no significant alteration in the AV, however, there was blood pressure reduction of 12% in systolic BP (-17.5 mmHg, p = 0.001) and 9% in Diastolic BP (-8.1 mmHg, p = 0. 01) at the end of the study. There was no correlation between the AV and decrease in BP (r = 0.1).nnnCONCLUSIONnThe blood pressure reduction was not correlated with reduction of anthropometric measures after the exercising period.FUNDAMENTO: A hipertensao arterial (HA) e associada com um grande numero de comorbidades, dentre elas, a obesidade. A correlacao entre essas duas variaveis tem sido alvo de investigacao. OBJETIVO: Analisar a correlacao entre a perda de massa corporal e reducao pressorica em hipertensos submetidos a programa de exercicios fisicos (PEF). METODOS: Cento e onze hipertensos com sobrepeso ou obesidade, divididos aleatoriamente em um grupo experimental (GE), com 57 (58 ± 8,9 anos) que participaram de um PEF de tres meses, tres vezes por semana, em sessoes de exercicio aerobio de 50% a 70% do VO2pico, por 30 a 60 minutos, alem de exercicios resistidos; e um grupo controle (GC), com 54 (60 ± 7,7 anos) que nao participaram do PEF. No GE, a pressao arterial (PA) foi aferida antes de cada sessao e a mensuracao das variaveis antropometricas (VA) no inicio do programa e apos tres meses. No GC a PA e as VA foram avaliadas em consultorio medico no inicio e fim do estudo. Os dados foram expressos por media ± desvio padrao (DP), usou-se teste t e correlacao de Pearson. Considerou-se significativo p < 0,05. RESULTADOS: No GC nao ocorreu diferenca significativa nas VA e PA no inicio e fim do estudo. No GE nao ocorreu alteracao significativa nas VA, no entanto, a reducao pressorica de 12% na PA Sistolica (-17,5 mmHg; p = 0,001) e de 9% na PA Diastolica (-8,1 mmHg; p = 0,01) ao final do estudo. Nao houve correlacao entre as VA e queda da PA (r = 0,1). CONCLUSAO: A reducao pressorica nao se correlacionou com reducao das medidas antropometricas apos periodo de exercicio fisico.

Curva dosis-respuesta del ejercicio en hipertensos: análisis del número de sesiones para efecto hipotensor

BACKGROUNDnThe effect of exercise on blood pressure (BP) is already known; however, the dose-response curve of the hypotensive effect of exercise in hypertensive individuals is yet to be clarified.nnnOBJECTIVEnTo evaluate the dose-response curve of the number of sessions that are necessary to cause a hypotensive effect in hypertensive individuals.nnnMETHODSn88 individuals, aged 58 +/- 11 years, divided in Experimental group (EG), with 48 that participated in a physical exercise program (PEP), which consisted of 40 minutes of aerobic exercises performed 3x/week, for 3 months, at 70% of the VO2max, and muscular exercises at 40% of the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) and Control Group (CG) with 40 individuals that did not participate in the PEP. The systolic (SAP) and diastolic (DAP) arterial pressures were measured before each of the 36 sessions in the EG and assessed by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in the CG. Differences in BP, the variation rate (D%) and the maximum hypotensive effect (MHE%) were observed between sessions. The data were expressed as means +/- SD; the t test and correlation were used, with p<0.05 being considered significant.nnnRESULTSnThere was no difference regarding BP values in the CG. The EG showed an important decrease of 15 mmHg in SAP and 7 mmHg in DAP, with a large part of this effect occurring as early as the first session and the majority up to the 5th session. There was a strong inverse correlation (R:-0.66) with the number of sessions.nnnCONCLUSIONnAn important hypotensive effect was observed from the 1st session on and it was observed that the dose-response curve can be abrupt and decrescent, instead of flat.FUNDAMENTO: Ya se conoce el efecto del ejercicio en la presion arterial, sin embargo, la curva dosis-respuesta del efecto hipotensor del ejercicio en hipertensos no esta aclarada aun. OBJETIVO: Evaluar la curva dosis-respuesta del numero de sesiones necesarias para causar efecto hipotensor en individuos hipertensos. METODOS: El estudio estaba conformado por 88 individuos, con 58 ± 11 anos, divididos en grupo experimental (GE) -conformado por 48 integrantes de un programa de ejercicio fisico (PEF) de tres meses, tres veces por semana, con 40 de ejercicio aerobio al 70% del VO2max y ejercicios musculares al 40% de la capacidad voluntaria maxima (CVM); y grupo-control (GC) con 40 individuos que no realizaron el PEF. Se midieron las presiones arteriales sistolica (PAS) y diastolica (PAD) del GE antes de cada una de las 36 sesiones y en el GC se las evaluaron por monitoreo ambulatorio de presion arterial (MAPA). Se observaron las diferencias en la PA, el indice de variacion (D%) y el efecto hipotensor maximo (EHM%) entre las sesiones. Los datos estaban expresados por promedio ± desviacion estandar, y se utilizo la prueba t y correlacion, tomando p < 0,05 como valor significativo. RESULTADOS: En el GC no hubo diferencia en los valores de presion arterial. En el GE, luego del PEF, ocurrio un descenso importante de 15 mmHg en la PAS y de 7 mmHg en la PAD; y una gran parte de ese efecto tuvo lugar ya en la primera sesion, y la mayor parte sucedio hasta la quinta sesion. Hubo una fuerte correlacion inversa (R: -0,66) con el numero de sesiones. CONCLUSION: En la primera sesion, ya ocurrio efecto hipotensor importante. Tambien se evidencio que la curva dosis-respuesta pode ser abrupta y decreciente en lugar de achatada.