Tiago Georg Pikart

Metodologia alternativa para o Teste de Tetrazólio em sementes de Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze

The objective of this research was to verify the possible use of an alternative methodology for the tetrazolium test in A. angustifolia seeds. Seeds of three lots were submitted to immersion in water for 18 hours. The seeds had their coats and nutritive tissue removed and the embryos were soaked in 1.0%, 0.5% and 0.1% tetrazolium solution at 25 °C for one hour, applying the standard methodology described for the species. Germination tests were performed to verify the reliability of results through the tetrazolium test. Immersion in water for 18 hours followed by the removal of seed coat and nutritive tissue and immersion in tetrazolium solution at 0.1% or 0.5% at 25 °C for 1 hour was an efficient methodology to evaluate the seed viability of A. angustifolia.

Metodologia Alternativa para o Teste de Tetrazólio em Sementes de Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze / Alternative Methodology for the Tetrazolium Test in Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze Seeds

The objective of this research was to verify the possible use of an alternative methodology for the tetrazolium test in A. angustifolia seeds. Seeds of three lots were submitted to immersion in water for 18 hours. The seeds had their coats and nutritive tissue removed and the embryos were soaked in 1.0%, 0.5% and 0.1% tetrazolium solution at 25 °C for one hour, applying the standard methodology described for the species. Germination tests were performed to verify the reliability of results through the tetrazolium test. Immersion in water for 18 hours followed by the removal of seed coat and nutritive tissue and immersion in tetrazolium solution at 0.1% or 0.5% at 25 °C for 1 hour was an efficient methodology to evaluate the seed viability of A. angustifolia.

Morphology of the reproductive and digestive tracts of Adparaproba gabrieli (Heteroptera: Miridae)

Adparaproba gabrieli Carvalho is a phytophagous neotropical bug with a restricted distribution to southeast Brazil. The histology of the digestive system and that of the male and female reproductive tracts of A. gabrieli was studied. We found that the male had a pair of testes with two follicles per testis, two short vasa defentia that joined in a muscular ejaculatory duct with two pairs of well-developed accessory glands. The female has a meroistic telotrophic ovary with three ovarioles per ovary. There is a pair of sac-like salivary glands. The digestive tract, after the pharynx, has a long, thin oesophagus ending in a muscular proventriculus. The transition fore-midgut is marked by a stomodeal valve, and the midgut is the main organ with an anterior portion with columnar cells and an posterior one with flattened cells. The hindgut is short and differentiated in the ileum and rectum. The Malpighian tubules are also described and the phytophagous feeding habit of A. gabrieli is discussed.

New Record of Grasshopper (Orthoptera: Acrididae & Romaleidae) Defoliators and Population Dynamics of Insects on Crops of Heliconia spp in the Amazon

ABSTRACT Despite the expansion of floriculture, little is known about insects associated to this crop in northern Brazil. The objective was to identify the main species of defoliator grasshoppers, associated to crops of Heliconia spp. in the northeastern region of State of Pará, Brazil , in the municipalities of Castanhal, Belém and Benevides, from Aug 2004 to Mar 2005. Representatives with higher abundances in these municipalities were the orders Coleoptera, Thysanoptera, Hemiptera and Orthoptera. The collected species of Orthoptera were Cornops frenatum frenatum (Marshall) and Eutropidacris cristata L. (Orthoptera: Acrididae), Prionolopha serrata L. and Chromacris speciosa Thunberg (Orthoptera: Romaleidae), which present a substantial potential to damage heliconias crop in northeastern Pará, Brazil.

Acca sellowiana (Myrtaceae): A New Alternative Host for Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in Brazil

Summary We report, for the first time, the occurrence and development of Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in fruits of Acca sellowiana (Berg) Burret (Myrtaceae). Although fruits of A. sellowiana present hard and thick skin, damage caused by another insect pest, Conotrachelus psidii Marshall (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), may have enabled fruit infestation by D. suzukii.

Antrocephalus mitys (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) in Laboratory Cultures of Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), and Possible Role in Biological Control of Ephestia cautella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Antrocephalus mitys (Hymenoptera: Chalcididae) in Laboratory Cultures of Tenebrio molitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), and Possible Role in Biological Control of Ephestia cautella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Sennius trinotaticollis (Pic) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae) in Brazil: New Distribution and Host Records

Bruchines (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae:Bruchinae) are known as seed beetles or bean weevils. Several species of Bruchinae damage seeds of economically important agricultural crops such asGlycine max (L.) (soybean) (Costa et al. 2007), Phaseolus coccineus L. (runner bean), Phaseolus vulgaris L. (common bean), Phaseolus lunatus L. (lima bean) (Hansson et al. 2004; Bonet 2008), Vigna radiata L. (mung bean) (Somta et al. 2008), and Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp (cowpea) (Aebi et al. 2008). Damage reduces the quantity and quality of the seeds, making them unsuitable for human consumption and agricultural use (Somta et al. 2008). Bruchinae consist of about 1,700 described species distributed in six tribes, nine subtribes, and 67 genera worldwide (Udayagiri and Wadhi 1989; Johnson and Romero 2004; Johnson and Romero 2006). The genus Sennius Bridwell, 1946 encompasses 48 species occurring in the Nearctic and Neotropical regions (Silva et al. 2003). Most of them feed on seeds of Leguminosae subtribe Cassiinae (Johnson 1977, 1984), which includes the genera Senna Mill, Chamaecrista Moench, and Cassia L. (Irwin and Barneby 1981). Although the number of described species of Sennius is relatively high, details about the geographic distribution and hosts of some species occurring in Brazil are scarce. Thus, the aim of this study is to record, for the first time, Sennius trinotaticollis (Pic, 1930) on Senna macranthera (Colladon) Irwin and Barneby and its occurrence in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Seeds of S. macranthera infested by bruchines were collected in Viçosa (20°46′11′′ S, 42°52′31′′ W), Minas Gerais in August 2009 and sent to the Laboratório de Sementes Florestais, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, where they were stored in plastic bags in a dark room at 20° C and 60% RH. Bruchines that emerged from the seeds were collected and stored in 70% alcohol and sent to the Laboratório de Sistemática e Bioecologia de Coleoptera of the Universidade Federal do Paraná for identification by the third author. Two bruchine species were identified as Sennius bondari (Pic, 1929) and S. trinotaticollis. Voucher material is deposited in the Coleção de Entomologia Pe. J. S. Moure, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil. Sennius species feed mainly on seeds of the genus Senna (Johnson 1984). Sennius bondari is a generalist species and has been found damaging seeds of several Senna species (Ribeiro-Costa 1998; RibeiroCosta and Reynaud 1998), including S. macranthera (Linzmeier et al. 2004). The only known hosts of S. trinotaticollis are Senna hayesiana (Britton and Rose) Irwin andBarneby and Senna oxyphylla (Kunth) Irwin and Barneby in Panama and Guatemala (Johnson 1977, 1984). Sennius trinotaticolliswas just recently found in Brazil (J. H. Viana, unpublished

Entomofauna associada à erva-de-touro (Poiretia latifolia Vogel) em povoamentos na região do Planalto Catarinense

Poiretia latifolia Vogel (Fabaceae), a native plant of the high-altitude field ecosystems appears to show promise, when introduced into the Atlantic Forest biome of southern Brazil. It is valued for its monoterpene-rich essential oil and exhibits great potential in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. This work aimed at studying the entomofauna associated with P. latifolia , as well as assessing the effects of these insects on this plants reproductive success. The entomofauna were surveyed between December 2015 and January 2016, in two natural P. latifolia stands found in the Capao Alto and Sao Jose do Cerrito municipalities of Santa Catarina State. At each site, the entomofauna were subjected to 42-hour monitoring periods and five marked plants in each area were monitored every hour, from 9:00 am to 4:00 p.m. The effects of the climatic variables on the insect were analyzed using the Pearson correlation coefficient. To determine the damage due to herbivory, ten P. latifolia plants were marked at each site, from which the flowers and seeds were collected and the insect damage estimated. The predominant insects in both stands were identified as belonging to the orders Coleoptera, Diptera and Hymenoptera. The Dipteran insects revealed a significant positive correlation with the mean daily temperature (r = 0.84, p = 0.03442) in the Capao Alto stand. Damages caused by insects to the P. latifolia flowers and seeds were 54% and 88%, respectively, and were even higher in the Sao Jose do Cerrito area. Environmental changes precipitated by the intense agricultural usage in the vicinity of the P. latifolia stands may have been the reason for these differences.

A survey for potential biological control agents of Pereskia aculeata Miller (Cactaceae) in Brazil reveals two new species of Horismenus Walker (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae)

This paper deals with the description of two new species of Horismenus Walker (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) from Brazil, parasitoids of larvae of Adetus analis (Haldeman) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae). Both species are similar to Horismenus steirastomae (Girault), a species that also parasitizes cerambycids. Adetus analis is a pest of Sechium edule (Jacq.) Swartz (Cucurbitaceae), a minor crop in Brazil, Argentina and U.S.A., but also feeds in stems of Pereskia aculeata Miller (Cactaceae), an ornamental plant that has become a problematic weed species in Africa, where it was introduced. The two new Horismenus species are described, diagnosed, and compared to H. steirastomae.

Three new species of Horismenus Walker (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) associated with seed pods of Pithecellobium dulce (Fabaceae)

Horismenus abnormicaulis sp. nov., H. patensis sp. nov. and H. zuleidae sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), all authored by Pikart, Costa & Hansson, are described from material obtained from seed pods of Pithecellobium dulce (Roxb.) Benth. (Fabaceae) collected in Northeastern Brazil. The seed pods were infested with larvae of Coleoptera (Chrysomelidae (Bruchinae) and Curculionidae). The associations of the Horismenus species and the beetle larvae have not been established. Morphological similarities between these new species and previously described species with host known suggest that H. patensis and H. zuleidae are primary parasitoids of Bruchinae, whereas H. abnormicaulis may act as a hyperparasitoid on other Horismenus species. The three species are compared with similar species of Horismenus.