Tomasz Bucek

Backfat fatty acid profile of crossbred pigs fed a diet supplemented with conjugated linoleic acid or sunflower oil

Backfat Fatty Acid Profile of Crossbred Pigs Fed a Diet Supplemented with Conjugated Linoleic acid or Sunflower Oil The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of feeding pigs with different levels of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) or sunflower oil (SFO) on the backfat fatty acid profile. The subjects of research were 60 crossbred gilts divided into 6 groups, which were fed different levels of conjugated linoleic acid or sunflower oil (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0%, respectively). All fatteners were kept and fed under standardized conditions. Animals were slaughtered at 95 kg of body weight. Fatty acid profile was determined in samples of backfat from each animal using gas chromatography. The significance of differences between groups was verified by Duncans test. In the present study, a beneficial effect of adding CLA was that it reduced saturated fatty acids and increased unsaturated fatty acids in the adipose tissue (backfat) of pigs as compared to fatteners receiving SFO. The amount of monounsaturated fatty acids in the backfat decreased with increasing amounts of CLA or SFO. Modifying the fatty acid profile of pig backfat through addition of CLA or SFO would be beneficial to the health of consumers because relatively large amounts of fat pork, including backfat, are added to the sausages. Profil kwasów tłuszczowych w słoninie świń mieszańców żywionych paszą z dodatkiem sprzężonego kwasu linolowego lub oleju słonecznikowego Celem pracy było zbadanie wpływu żywienia świń paszą z dodatkiem różnego poziomu sprzężonego kwasu linolowego lub oleju słonecznikowego na profil kwasów tłuszczowych w słoninie. Przedmiotem badań było 60 loszek mieszańców podzielonych na 6 grup, żywionych paszą z dodatkiem sprzężonego kwasu linolowego (CLA) lub oleju słonecznikowego (SFO) w ilościach odpowiednio: 0,5; 1,0 i 2,0%. Tuczniki były utrzymywane i żywione w ujednoliconych warunkach. Zwierzęta zostały ubite przy masie ciała 95 kg. Profil kwasów tłuszczowych został oznaczony na próbkach słoniny pochodzących od każdego osobnika przy użyciu chromatografii gazowej. Istotność różnic pomiędzy grupami została zweryfikowana testem Duncana. Korzystnym następstwem dodawania do paszy sprzężonego kwasu linolowego było obniżenie zawartości nasyconych oraz wzrost udziału nienasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych w tkance tłuszczowej świń (słoninie) w stosunku do tuczników otrzymujących olej słonecznikowy. Zawartość jednonienasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych w słoninie malała, a wielonienasyconych rosła w miarę zwiększania koncentracji sprzężonego kwasu linolowego lub oleju słonecznikowego w paszy. Modyfikowanie profilu kwasów tłuszczowych w słoninie świń poprzez dodatek do paszy CLA lub oleju słonecznikowego byłoby korzystne dla zdrowia konsumentów gdyż stosunkowo dużo tłuszczu wieprzowego, w tym słoniny, dodawane jest do wędlin.

The analysis of the performance test results including correlation between the traits of this evaluation in crossbred gilts.

The aim of the paper was the analysis of the performance test results including correlation between the traits of this evaluation in crossbred gilts of Polish Large White (PLW) and Polish Landrace (PL), conducted in years 2004-2008 in Poland in The Bydgoszcz Breeding Region. The subject of research was 51.802 crossbred gilts came from two crossing variants (where the sows’ breed was given in first position): PLW x PL and PL x PLW. The PLW x PL crossbred gilts in years 2004-2007 and in a total results summary from years 2004-2008 obtained higher performance test selection index value, thus had higher the breeding value regarding to the growth and slaughter traits as compared to the animals came from PL x PLW crossing variant. Within the space of 5 analysed years (2004-2008) the performance test selection index increased in the PLW x PL and PL x PLW crossbred gilts by 3.6 and 5.8 points, respectively. Thus the improvement of the breeding value of evaluated animals has been done. In all analysed years in the tested groups of crossbred gilts negative and statistically high significant correlations have been observed between the growth rate and the standardised body meat content of animals, which may show the unfavourable impact of the high growth rate on the meat content of pigs.

The relationships between the performance test results of young crossbred boars

The relationships between the most important results of performance test of 3.876 young crossbred boars, expressed as calculated correlation coefficients were determined. The animals came from 6 crossing variants: Hampshire x Belgian Landrace (H x BL), Hampshire x Duroc (H x D), Hampshire x Pietrain (H x P), Duroc x Pietrain (D x P), Pietrain x Hampshire (P x H) and Pietrain x Duroc (P x D). Young crossbred boars were performance tested in years 2004-2008 in Poland in Bydgoszcz Breeding Region. The traits taken into account were: age and body weight on the test day, daily gain of body weight standardized on 180th day of life, backfat thickness in P2 and P4 points, height of loin eye in P4 point, lean meat content and the performance test selection index. In a total results summary from years 2004-2008 in tested groups of young crossbred boars (except H x BL) negative and in most cases statistically high significant correlations were proved between the growth rate and standardized backfat thickness in P2 and P4 points and in young crossbred boars came from 3 following crossing variants: H x BL, P x H, P x D negative and statistically high significant correlation coefficients were observed between the daily gain of body weight and standardized lean meat content, which may show the unfavourable impact of high growth rate on meat content.

The impact of growth rate on the results of growth and slaughter traits of young crossbred boars in Poland in Bydgoszcz Breeding Region.

There was analysed the impact of growth rate on the results of growth and slaughter traits of 3917 young crossbred boars performance tested in years 2004-2008 in Poland in The Bydgoszcz Breeding Region. They came from 8 following crossing variants, where sow’s breed was given in a first position and boar’s breed in a second position: Hampshire x Belgian Landrace (H x BL), Hampshire x Duroc (H x D), Hampshire x Pietrain (H x P), Duroc x Hampshire (D x H), Duroc x Pietrain (D x P), Pietrain x Hampshire (P x H), Pietrain x Duroc (P x D) and Line 990 x Pietrain (990 x P). The impact of growth rate on the results’ formation in the range of tested traits noted in different degrees. It was the most visible in the growth traits (age and body weight) and the performance test selection index and less visible in the slaughter traits, among which the most visible in case of the backfat thickness measured in P2 and P4 points and then in the meat content and the height of loin eye. In the analyzed years tested young crossbred boars of the high growth rate, i.e. of high daily gain of body weight standardized on the 180th day of life were younger and generally obtained higher body weight and higher performance test selection index and in the majority of cases, where the statistically significant differences were proved, had thinner backfat in the P2 and P4 points and had lower meat content and the higher height of loin eye as compared to the animals of low growth rate.