Toshiki Tamai

Are Fiscal Sustainability And Stable Balanced Growth Equilibrium Simultaneously Attainable

This paper presents an examination of the sustainability of national debt and economic growth, and the growth effects of government debt and income taxation. Results show sustainability of national debt and economic growth under the primary surplus rule. Fiscal policy and balanced growth are compatibly sustainable if and only if the government sets a long‐run target debt/GDP (gross domestic product) ratio within a reasonable range. Results also show that a rise in the long‐run debt/GDP ratio reduces the balanced growth rate. Based on these two results, the long‐run debt/GDP ratio is greater than zero if the government aims to maximize the balanced growth rate.

Who gains from capital market integration? Tax competition between unionized and non-unionized countries

The welfare effects of capital market integration are examined under a model of tax competition with two asymmetric countries. The asymmetry is expressed through the labour market: one country has a perfect labour market whereas the other countrys labour market is unionized. Our results indicate that the welfare effects of capital market integration differ depending on whether governments are active or passive in attracting capital. In the absence of active governments, capital market integration benefits the country with a competitive labour market whereas it harms the unionized country. Capital market integration benefits both countries if governments are active and compete for mobile capital using taxes/subsidies.

PUBLIC CAPITAL, TAXATION AND ENDOGENOUS GROWTH IN A FINITE HORIZONS MODEL

This paper presents development of an endogenously growing finite horizons model with public capital, and investigates macroeconomic effects of fiscal policy and a change in life expectancy. Specifically regarding novel results, a growth-maximizing income tax rate exists that is less than the elasticity of public capital to output. In addition, in the model with income tax financing, there might exist an inverted-U-shaped relationship between life expectancy and growth, which is consistent with some empirical evidence. In this paper, we elucidate the interaction among public capital accumulation, taxes, growth, welfare and life expectancy.

Fiscal Policy and Adjustment Costs of Private Investment in an Endogenous Growth Model with Public Capital

This paper develops an endogenous growth model with public capital and examines the growth and welfare effects of a fiscal policy that is financed by corporate taxation. In the model, we incorporate the investment decision-making of competitive firms by considering the adjustment costs of private investment. We show that there arises an indeterminacy of the balanced growth path. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that growth-maximizing policy is not equivalent to welfare-maximizing policy on the balanced growth path.

Fiscal and Monetary Policy in an Endogenous Growth Model with Public Capital

This paper develops an endogenous growth model in which the government finances its public investment using both income taxation and seigniorage. Arguments presented in this paper show that public investment financed by seigniorage gradually pulls up the growth rate of consumption and overshoots the inflation rate. Furthermore, we show that public investment financed by an income tax brings about an overshooting of the inflation rate and a simultaneous undershooting of the growth rate of consumption. These dynamic effects influence welfare dynamics. Taking account of transitional effects, we derive the welfare effects of fiscal and monetary policy.