Toshitaka Katada

Promoting disaster awareness in multicultural societies: the DAG approach

Purpose – The Disaster Awareness Game (DAG) was designed to evaluate and promote disaster awareness among children in multicultural societies. This study seeks to discuss this.Design/methodology/approach – The validation methodology was undertaken in four stages: Pre‐Test Stage – this stage is intended to evaluate the existing levels of disaster awareness among the target population using a questionnaire survey. DAG Exposure 1 – This represents the second stage of the pre‐test through exposure of the target population to the DAG. Provision of disaster information – In this stage, participants are provided with disaster management information on hazards that are pertinent to their environment. Post‐test stage – this stage was intended to evaluate the impact of the DAG and the provision of disaster information on the level of awareness among participants.Findings – Preliminary results suggest that the tool is effective in educating children about hazards, and measuring levels of disaster awareness and is in...

Implementation of Tsunami Disaster Education for Children and Their Parents at Elementary School

It is expected that many coastal regions in Japan will be attacked by huge tsunami in near future. Therefore, tsunami evacuation plans are considered in Japan. In this paper, tsunami disaster education was carried out for elementary school children and their parents. The purpose of this education was to encourage development of a family plan for tsunami evacuation. At first, children and their parents learned about tsunamis and how to evacuate safety during tsunamis. Second, they searched for safety tsunami evacuation places near their houses. Third, they made a tsunami evacuation map and developed the family evacuation plan based on this map. Through this education program, children not only got the knowledge about tsunami but also got the wisdom about tsunami evacuation. INTRODUCTION Problem about Tsunami Evacuation in Japan There is a prevailing concern that a huge tsunami might be generated by earthquakes on the Sanriku, Toukai, Tounankai, or Nankai fault zone in Japan. It is clear that residents who live in coastal areas need to evacuate immediately after the earthquake occurrence in order to reduce the number of casualties that might result due to these tsunamis. However, even if the Japanese government issued tsunami warning and evacuation information to the residents in coastal areas, there is a concern that residents might not understand or obey the evacuation order. For example, in a recently survey undertaken by T. Katada, et al. 2005, it was found that during Miyagiken-Oki

ISSUES OF TSUNAMI EVACUATION BEHAVIOR IN JAPAN: RESIDENTS RESPONSE IN CASE OF CHILEAN EARTHQUAKE IN 2010

Chilean Earthquake occurred at 27th Feb in 2010. Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) announced the Tsunami Warning after about 18 hours from earthquake occurrence to all shoreline of the Pacific coast in Japan. It was 9:30 on February 28 of the Japan time. This tsunami warning expected that some regions might be attacked by tsunamis of over 3 meters. However, there were only a few areas inundated by tsunamis. Therefore, only a few residents evacuated from tsunamis at that time. In this paper, we carried out questionnaire survey to residents who live in coastal area. According to results of survey, we reveal why only a few residents evacuated. And we discussed issues and countermeasures to prompt residents to evacuate. (150)

Study on the education to improve residents' intention to evacuate against the storm surge disaster

地球温暖化による気候変動は,海面水位を上昇させ, 勢力の強い熱帯低気圧の発生頻度を高めると言われてい る.一方,わが国の三大湾おける平野部では,地下水の くみ上げ等による地盤沈下による海抜ゼロメートル地帯 が広がっており,そこに人口,資産が集中している状況 にある.このため,ひとたび高潮はん濫が発生した場合 には,広大な範囲で浸水被害が生じるほか,人的被害も 莫大なものになると想定される. こうした高潮災害による犠牲者ゼロを実現するために は,浸水が想定される区域からの住民避難が不可欠とな る.しかし,前述した三大湾の広大な低平地で高潮災害 が発生した場合には,浸水被害が複数の市町村,さらに は都府県に及ぶことが想定される.このとき,市町村全 域が浸水するところも少なからず生じるものと考えら れ,その場合,自治体内の避難施設も浸水して避難者の 収容人数の限界を超えるところも発生すると考えられ る.加えて低平地ゆえに浸水が長期に及ぶことをふまえ ると,浸水しない他市町村への広域避難が必要となる. ここで,住民の避難については,災害対策基本法に定 められているとおり,市町村で対応することが原則とされ ているが,市町村の枠を越えるような広域避難については, 自治体間での連携体制や避難計画が十分に整備されていな いほか,複数自治体に関わる避難対応に対する国や都道府 県の関わり,広域避難の主導者が不明確であり,その課題 解決が喫緊の課題となっている.一方で,たとえ行政の広 域避難体制が整備されたとしても,住民がそれに従わなけ れば意味がない.高潮災害時の広域避難実現に向けては, 住民が地域の高潮災害リスクを適切に認知し,広域避難の 必要性について理解を促すことが重要となる. そこで本研究では,1959年の伊勢湾台風による高潮災 害で甚大な被害を受けた木曽三川下流域を対象に実施し た住民意識調査から,高潮災害時の広域避難に関わる避 難意向や意識を把握するとともに,それをふまえた住民 意識啓発やそのために開発したツールの効果を検証する ことにより,広域避難実現に向けた意識啓発のあり方, また広域避難誘導の検討で考慮すべき事項を考察する.

ISSUES OF THE MEASURE OF EVACUATION AGAINST A STORM SURGE BY HITTING A HUGE TYPHOON IN JAPAN

Because of global warming, the risk of a storm surge will increase more and more in the future. It is important to make residents appropriately evacuate so that they are not sacrificed to the storm surge disaster. In this paper, issues of the system of evacuation against the storm surge disaster in Japan and the ideal way of the system are examined referring to the United States. Moreover, the actual situation of residents intention to evacuate at a storm surge disaster and relationship between the intention and its formation factors are clarified based on the result of the questionnaire survey. And appropriate way of education about disaster prevention for residents is considered.

A STUDY ON AN ACTIVATION OF RESIDENTS' SPONTANEOUS MOTIVATION FOR REGIONAL FIRE SPREAD RISK REDUCTION

家屋の火災危険性は，自宅の出火リスクと他の家屋からの延焼被災リスクとに大別できる．このうち，自宅出火リスクの低減には自身の心がけが根源的に重要となるが，延焼被災リスクの低減には周辺世帯の十分な心がけが伴い初めて達成されるものである．このような延焼被災リスクの特徴を十分に認識している個人ならば，自身のみならず周辺世帯の心がけを喚起するような働きかけを行う動機付けを持つはずである．本研究では，このような地域住民による内発的な働きかけ行動に着目し，それを介した延焼被災リスクへの心がけの伝播，すなわち「火災危険性低減のための地域防災力の内発的向上」のための方策について考察する．

Development of Tsunami Education Tool for Fishing-Boat Evacuation against Tsunami

Tsunami simulation for education was developed, this simulation helps a fisherman to acquire basic knowledge of tsunami and make a decision of fishing-boat evacuation against tsunami. Tsunami simulation is based on the simplified bathymetry, so specific knowledge of tsunami is effectively instructed. A lecture on tsunami disaster prevention for fishermen was held, and developed tsunami simulations were shown. As a result, fishermans knowledge of tsunamicharacteristic was improved, so an education effect was confirmed. The fishermen who understood knowledge of tsunami correctly perceived the risk of tsunami and understood knowledge of fishing-boat evacuation. This study showed that the acquiring knowledge of tsunami contributes to be careful in decision-making of the fishing-boat evacuation.

PROPOSED OF AN IMMEDIATE ACTION SUPPORT SYSTEM TO OPERATE IN REAL TIME DURING THE HEAVY RAIN DISASTER

There are some problems in heavy rain disasters. Especially, it is difficult to grasp the damage situation at the time of a disaster. It is important to grasp the accurate information quickly and to share the information among administrators in times of disaster, in order to operate in real time, during disasters to minimize damages. We established an immediate action support system, based on the GIS to operate in real time, during disasters. The purpose of this system is to get the accurate information on the disaster situations and to display the appropriate measures, for immediate action. This system consists of two parts.One is a collecting-information support system and the other is an action support system.

A STUDY ON INTENSION OF A MOVE AFTER HEAVY RAINFALL DISASTER IN TOUKAI AREA

In the area suffered the serious damage from a natural disaster, reconstruction of a life is an important subject for victims. However, there are some victims who think that he wants to pull up a stricken area and move to anothcr placc. So, in this study, we analyze victims intention of pulling up a stricken area after heavy rainfall disaster in Tokai area. Consequently, it became clear that the two following factors exist as a composition factor of an intention of pulling up a stricken area at least. One of the factors is an aspect of a result that the reconstruction in the stricken area is given up since the damage scale of flood is very serious, so to speak, a direct factor by the disaster. Another factor is an aspect of avoiding a risk, based on uneasiness about a recurrence of a calamity like the heavy rainfall disaster in September, 2000, so to speak, a indirect factor by the disaster.

Study on Inhabitant's Anxiety and Action in a State of Mt. Tokachi Volcanic Eruption

In a state of volcano eruption, it is assumed that desire of returning home of the inhabitantswho are taking shelter is amplified by the anxiety consciousness about their life revival after volcanic disaster, fatigue of mind and body, and so on. Then it is guessed that the inhabitants begin not to think about crisis of volcanic eruption and necessity to continue theevacuation.In this study, we grasp about inhabitants anxiety consciousness in a state of volcanic eruption, and the intention of evacuation and desire of returning home on the assumption that the volcanic erupts.