Tuenjai Fukuda

Carsharing and Station Cars in Asia: Overview of Japan and Singapore

In recent years there has been significant worldwide activity in shared-use vehicle systems (i.e., carsharing and station cars). Much of this activity is taking place in Europe and North America; however, there has also been significant activity in Asia, primarily in Japan and Singapore. This paper examines the latest shared-use vehicle system activities in both of these countries, beginning with an historical review followed by an evaluation of their current systems. Overall there are several well-established systems in both Japan (approximately 18 systems, 150 vehicles, 3000 members) and Singapore (approximately 4 systems, 300 vehicles, and 8000 members). In contrast to most European and North American cities, both Japan and Singapore already have a wide range of viable public transportation modes. Interestingly, the primary carsharing focus in Japan is on business use and on neighborhood residential in Singapore. This is likely due to limited vehicle licensing and high car ownership costs in Singapore. Further, systems in Japan and Singapore have a high degree of advanced technology in their systems, making the systems both easy to use and manage. The member-vehicle ratios in Asia appear to be approximately the same as Europe and Canada and less than the U.S. It is expected that Asian shared-use vehicle systems will continue to have steady growth in terms of number of organizations, vehicles, and users.

A feasibility study on EV-sharing application to residential area and its characteristics

Car sharing has currently become widely adopted throughout Western Europe and North America according to the unique strengths of being an alternative means of transport in reducing number of car ownership, traffic congestion, parking spaces and environmental impacts. However, if this new mobility is applied in a developing city, particularly, Bangkok residential area where traffic and environmental situation are critical, what factors would it need in order to arrive at the success of car sharing application? The aim of this paper is to find whether or not there is the feasibility to apply electric vehicle sharing in Bangkok residential area.

ESTIMATION OF CO2 EMISSIONS REDUCTION USING ALTERNATIVE ENERGY: Potential Application of Clean Developed Mechanism (CDM) in the Transport Sector to Developing Countries

This paper first examines opportunities for the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions in the transportation sector. Three primary potential approaches to mitigate carbon dioxide emissions are discussed: vehicle technology improvements, lowering carbon intensity of fuels, and cutting travel demand growth. The paper then introduces the concept of clean developed mechanism (CDM), a project-based framework allowing public or private entities in developed countries to invest in activities that would mitigate greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in developing countries and earn abatement credits that would be applicable to their own GHG emissions. Obstacles and possibilities for promoting CDM in the transportation sector are then examined. An assumed case study is presented for the potential use of biofuel and applicable to a CDM project in Beijing, China. The objective is to derive technological and financial solutions for reducing carbon dioxide emissions from the perspective of developing countries. The paper concludes with a discussion regarding how current transportation projects fit into the CDM framework and potential changes for the post Kyoto Protocol era.