V.B. Baryshev

Review of X-ray fluorescent analysis using synchrotron radiation

Abstract The current status of research in X-ray fluorescent analysis using synchrotron radiation (SRXFA) is reviewed. The main schemes of analysis and the background components are considered. The methods of reducing the background, which are based on the use of the specific features of synchrotron radiation, are discussed. The requirements for the elements of the SRXFA apparatus including the source of synchrotron radiation, the monochromator, a chamber for the sample, scanner and the detector are formulated. The engineering solutions which can be used when designing these elements are suggested. The main results obtained by the SRXFA method and the possibilities for their further improvement are discussed.

Synchrotron radiation measurements of the elemental composition of Siberian aerosols

Abstract Samples of atmospheric aerosols from the Siberian region were analysed using the SRXFA technique. The following advantages of this method are demonstrated: high sensitivity, small weight of the sample under study, multielemental data and rapid obtaining of results.

Analytical possibilities of SRXRF station at VEPP-3 SR source

Abstract The purpose of this work is a general overview of metrological characteristic for SRXRF station on VEPP-3 storage ring (Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, Russia). The materials for analysis, sample preparation and analytical techniques are described as well as some examples of researcher that has been carried out on this station.

Geochemistry of trace elements in the extraterrestrial matter examined by the X-ray fluorescence method with synchrotron radiation

Abstract X-ray fluorescence analysis with synchrotron radiation (XFA-SR) has been applied for the determination of incompatible trace elements (Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, Nb, Ba, La and Ce) in some extraterrestrial samples. A distribution of these elements in lunar whole rocks and their minerals, in the matrix, chondrules and CaAl-rich inclusions from various chondrites has been investigated. The XFA-SR analytical technique for very small objects ranging from 2 mm to 300 μm has been described. The specific basaltic group of Luna-20, geochemically similar to Luna-24 VLT basalt, has been established. The points of intersection of the HAB-VHA rock trend and the TB rock trend on the bi-element correlation diagrams probably correspond to the concentration levels of these trace elements in the parent magmas. Distribution of trace elements in rock-forming minerals and in their host rocks showed two trends: early and late crystallizations with an inversion of the Y/Zr ratio. The difference in trace element distribution in chondrules, matrix and CaAl-rich inclusions from the chondrites has been shown. This indicates a varied genesis for these objects.

Non-invasive methods for express analysis of biological objects based on elemental analysis using synchrotron radiation on hair samples from animals and patients

Abstract Non-invasive methods of express analysis for mass monitoring of pathological states of human organism have been developed on the basis of X-ray fluorescence (XRF) elemental analysis of hair, nails, tooth enamel and skin. In addition, methods have been developed for studying sample preparations with the use of a universal X-ray fluorescence spectrometer mounted on a VEPP-3 storage ring. Data have accumulated over several geographical regions (Moscow Region, Chelyabinsk, Middle Asia, Novosibirsk Region, Maritime Region). The data of XRF analysis of hair samples from patients and animals mirror reliably differences in element concentrations. The methods can be useful in clinical medicine.

Determination of the concentrations and distributions of rare-earth elements in mineral and rock specimens using the VEPP-4 synchrotron radiation

Results are presented on X-ray fluorescence determination of the K-series of rare-earth elements (REE) in rocks using synchrotron radiation (SR) from the VEPP-4 storage ring. In a direct, instrumental determination, the detection limit is 5 × 10−5 %. The procedure for chemical preconcentrating which allows the detection limit to be reduced to 10−6 % is described. The SRXFA technique has also been employed to study the spatial distribution of REE in rock specimens by scanning with an SR beam.

Multielemental analysis of Novosibirsk reservoirs and some of its tributaries bottom sediments by the SRXFA technique

Abstract Bottom sediments, as pollutant accumulators, can give important and valuable information on the water quality of the reservoir in the past. The content of elements from Ca to Ba, La, and Ce in prepared species of bottom sediments of Novosibirsk reservoirs area were determined using X-ray fluorescence analysis with synchrotron radiation excitation (SRXFA). The data obtained shows that the SRXFA technique is of interest for complex investigations of season and long-term pollutants composition dynamics in natural and artificial water reservoirs.

Some toxic microelements in Novosibirsk reservoir's ecosystem (data XRF SR and AAS techniques)

Abstract The contents of some elements (mainly heavy metals) in water, suspended matters, zooplankton, zoobenthos and bottom sediments of Novosibirsk reservoir were determined using X-ray fluorescence analysis with synchrotron radiation excitation (XRF SR) and atomic-absorption spectroscopy (AAS) techniques. The accumulation of some elements in zooplankton, zoobenthos and bottom sediments were considered.

Geochemistry of rare elements in lunar basalt rocks based on SRXFA

Abstract For the first time the distribution of Rb, Sr, Y, Zr and Nb in Apollo-17 magmatic rock series and in new Luna-16 basalt series has been investigated by SRXFA. On the base of bi-element correlation, individual geochemical trends for various petrochemical types of rocks were established. The distinction between magmatic sources of Apollo-17 and Luna-16 rocks and the presence of a new VLT-LT rock group were demonstrated. Common use of SRXFA and INAA methods is promising.

GEOCHEMISTRY OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN THE HIGHLAND LUNAR ROCKS BASED ON SRXFA DATA

Abstract X-ray fluorescence analysis using synchrotron radiation (SRXFA) has been applied for determination of trace elements in the highland lunar rocks (Luna 20 and Apollo 16). On the basis of the distribution of Rb, Sr, Y, Zr, and Nb in 69 lunar highland fragments six geochemical groups of rocks with various aluminium and trace element contents were distinguished for each station. They have various levels of trace element content. This suggests the various petrological processes: cumulation of rock-forming minerals and partial melting of source rocks. The last process lead up to enriching in trace elements in rocks formed from these melts. The distribution of trace elements in highland and mare rocks of the Moon were compared.