V. Lebedev

Generation and diagnostics of uncaptured beam in the Fermilab Tevatron and its control by electron lenses

In the Collider Run II, the Tevatron operates with 36 high intensity bunches of 980 GeV protons and antiprotons. Particles not captured by the Tevatron RF system pose a threat to quench the superconducting magnet during acceleration or at beam abort. We describe the main mechanisms for the origination of this uncaptured beam, and present measurements of its main parameters by means of a newly developed diagnostics system. The Tevatron Electron Lens is effectively used in the Collider Run II operation to remove uncaptured beam and keep its intensity in the abort gaps at a safe level.

Betatron motion with coupling of horizontal and vertical degrees of freedom

Presently, there are two most frequently used parameterezations of linear x−y coupled motion used in the accelerator physics. They are the Edwards-Teng and Mais-Ripken parameterizations. The article is devoted to an analysis of close relationship between the two representations, thus adding a clarity to their physical meaning. It also discusses the relationship between the eigen-vectors, the beta-functions, second order moments and the bilinear form representing the particle ellipsoid in the 4D phase space. Then, it consideres a further development of Mais-Ripken parameteresation where the particle motion is descrabed by 10 parameters: four beta-functions, four alpha-functions and two betatron phase advances. In comparison with Edwards-Teng parameterization the chosen parametrization has an advantage that it works equally well for analysis of coupled betatron motion in circular accelerators and in transfer lines. Considered relationship between second order moments, eigen-vectors and beta-functions can be useful in interpreting tracking results and experimental data. As an example, the developed formalizm is applied to the FNAL electron cooler and Derbenevs vertex-to-plane adapter.

Accelerator physics at the Tevatron Collider

Introduction.- Beam Orbits and Optics, Methods Used at the Tevatron Accelerators.- Magnets and Magnetic Field Effects.- Longitudinal Beam Manipulations.- Collective Instabilities in the Tevatron Collider Run II Accelerators.- Emittance Growth and Beam Loss.- Antiproton Production and Cooling.- Beam-Beam Effects and Their Simulations.- Beam Instrumentation.- Appendix A.

Simulation of Beam-beam Effects and Tevatron Experience

Effects of electromagnetic interactions of colliding bunches in the Tevatron had a variety of manifestations in beam dynamics presenting vast opportunities for development of simulation models and tools. In this paper the computer code for simulation of weak-strong beam-beam effects in hadron colliders is described. We report the collider operational experience relevant to beam-beam interactions, explain major effects limiting the collider performance and compare results of observations and measurements with simulations.

IOTA (Integrable Optics Test Accelerator): facility and experimental beam physics program

The Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA) is a storage ring for advanced beam physics research currently being built and commissioned at Fermilab. It will operate with protons and electrons using injectors with momenta of 70 and 150 MeV/c, respectively. The research program includes the study of nonlinear focusing integrable optical beam lattices based on special magnets and electron lenses, beam dynamics of space-charge effects and their compensation, optical stochastic cooling, and several other experiments. In this article, we present the design and main parameters of the facility, outline progress to date and provide the timeline of the construction, commissioning and research. The physical principles, design, and hardware implementation plans for the major IOTA experiments are also discussed.

Correction of second order chromaticity at Tevatron

Correction of the second order betatron tune chromatic - ity is essential for operation at the working point near half integer resonance which is proposed as one of the ways to improve performance of the Tevatron. In this report the new chromaticity correction scheme with split sextupole families is described. Details of implementation and commissioning at the present working point are discussed.

Wave-Optics Modeling of the Optical-Transport Line for Passive Optical Stochastic Cooling

Abstract Optical stochastic cooling (OSC) is expected to enable fast cooling of dense particle beams. Transition from microwave to optical frequencies enables an achievement of stochastic cooling rates which are orders of magnitude higher than ones achievable with the classical microwave based stochastic cooling systems. A subsystemcritical to the OSC scheme is the focusing optics used to image radiation from the upstream “pickup” undulator to the downstream “kicker” undulator. In this paper, we present simulation results using wave-optics calculation carried out with the Synchrotron Radiation Workshop (SRW). Our simulations are performed in support to a proof-of-principle experiment planned at the Integrable Optics Test Accelerator (IOTA) at Fermilab. The calculations provide an estimate of the energy kick received by a 100-MeV electron as it propagates in the kicker undulator and interacts with the electromagnetic pulse it radiated at an earlier time while traveling through the pickup undulator.

Beam Optics and Orbits: Methods Used at the Tevatron Accelerators

The success of the Tevatron Run II would not be possible without detailed work on the linear and nonlinear beam optics. The scope of optics work included all major stages: the optics design, optics measurements, and optics correction. Optics of all transport lines and rings was measured and corrected. This work resulted in a significant reduction of the emittance growth for beam transfers and increased the acceptances of the rings and transfer lines. The most spectacular improvements are related to the improvements of antiproton beam transport from the Accumulator to the Main Injector (MI) and optics improvements in Tevatron, Debuncher, and Accumulator. The electron cooler beam transport presented significant challenge for both the optics design and its commissioning.

OTR interferometry diagnostic for the A0 Photoinjector

OTR interferometry (OTRI) is an attractive diagnostic for investigation of relativistic electron beam parameters. The diagnostic is currently under development at the A0 Photoinjector. This diagnostic is also applicable for NML accelerator test facility that will be built at Fermilab. The experimental setup of the OTR Interferometer for the FNAL A0 Photoinjector is described in the report. Results of simulations and measurements are presented and discussed.