Vero Vanden Abeele

Designing meaningful play within the psycho-social context of older adults

In this paper we report on a qualitative study, investigating the meaning of digital games in the lives of older adults. Using a combination of semi-structured interviews and observations (n=35) we research the meaning of digital games from a lifespan perspective, and explore the specific role of playing digital games in a social setting. We conclude that the meaning of these games is derived from the extent to which games are perceived to 1) foster connectedness, 2) cultivate oneself and others, and 3) contribute to society. Finally, we use these findings to formulate design guidelines to facilitate digital gaming experiences that are meaningful with regards to the psychosocial context of this specific demographic.

Editorial: the evolving field of tangible interaction for children: the challenge of empirical validation

This special issue is devoted to the topic of tangible user interfaces and children. It emphasizes research on tangibility that transcends system descriptions, focusing on the empirical support of theories and design guidance. The papers result from the organization of a workshop at the CHI 2009 ACM conference in Boston, USA. As an introduction to this issue, empirical evidence is discussed for the potential benefits that using TUIs may have for children. Next, we focus on the impact of tangibility in terms of usability, learning, collaboration, and fun. Finally, we suggest directions for future work and outline the papers that are included in this special issue.

Laddering with young children in User eXperience evaluations: theoretical groundings and a practical case

In this paper, we investigate the usefulness and feasibility of Laddering with young children in User eXperience evaluations. We start with a revision of theoretical literature and guidelines. Developmental literature suggests that children aged two to seven years old have the cognitive capabilities to perform as Laddering interviewees. Next, we put these findings to the test via a practical case. The results of our case study demonstrate that only the older children, aged five years and older, were able to construct meaningful ladders. As for the type of ladders created, our results are in line with literature; children are inclined to attribute external reasons to product preferences rather than internal reasons, and consequently create ladders of attributes and consequences, not reaching for values.

Videogames in therapy: a therapist's perspective

This paper describes a user and task analysis that was conducted in order to examine the role of therapists in the use of video games in therapy. The results show that video games were used often, but improvements could be made to make them more effective for the therapist. From these results recommendations for video game design were derived. Recommendations include that a therapeutic video game should be easy to startup and configure, should allow the therapist to support a patient during play, and should support the therapist in tracking a patients performance.

Designing intergenerational play via enactive interaction, competition and acceleration

We report on the design process and the design rationales of a physical mini-game, to be played by seniors and youngsters. First, we explain that we seek enactive interaction, rather than physical action. Next, we elaborate on how competition correlates with social interaction, relying on FIRO theory. Then, we analyze how the sensor technology within the WiiMote affords acceleration. Via an evaluation of existing physical mini-games, seniors and youngsters empirically verify these three design rationales on enactive interaction, competition and acceleration. We conclude that these rationales result in ease-of-use, equality-in-ease-of-use and visibility-of-player-action, which in turn stimulate competition and consequently intergenerational play. Finally, we present the design and user evaluation of our physical mini-game, designed in accordance with these rationales.

The skweezee system: enabling the design and the programming of squeeze interactions

The Skweezee System is an easy, flexible and open system for designing and developing squeeze-based, gestural interactions. It consists of Skweezees, which are soft objects, filled with conductive padding, that can be deformed or squeezed by applying pressure. These objects contain a number of electrodes that are dispersed over the shape. The electrodes sense the shape shifting of the conductive filling by measuring the changing resistance between every possible pair of electrodes. In addition, the Skweezee System contains user-friendly software that allows end-users to define and to record their own squeeze gestures. These gestures are distinguished using a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. In this paper we introduce the concept and the underlying technology of the Skweezee System and we demonstrate the robustness of the SVM based classifier via two experimental user studies. The results of these studies demonstrate accuracies of 81% (8 gestures, user-defined) to 97% (3 gestures, user-defined), with an accuracy of 90% for 7 pre-defined gestures.

The domestication of digital games in the lives of older adults

The current study aims to integrate the findings of previous research on the use of video games by older adults by applying the domestication framework developed in the 1990s. A qualitative study was performed with 35 participants aged between 49 and 73, who were targeted purposefully from a larger sample of 213. The analysis revealed how older adults appropriated digital games using pre-existing, public and co-constructed meanings, as well as how such meanings influence the incorporation of digital games in their daily routine. The study also reveals how the transformation of personal meanings into the public realm can be obstructed by social factors. Finally, the usefulness of the domestication framework for this topic of study as well as implications for future research are discussed.

Splash controllers: game controllers involving the uncareful manipulation of water

In this paper we extend the field of organic user interfaces and introduce the Splash Controller. The main concept of a Splash Controller is that a user interacts with computing technology by manipulation of water in some kind of receptacle. To this end we highlight the possibilities of Splash Controllers, specifically as game controllers. Next, we specify a simple and robust technology for the detection of water. In order to demonstrate the feasibility of a Splash Controller, we additionally present the design and development of one specific Splash Controller prototype.

Video games in therapy: a therapist's perspective

This paper describes a user and task analysis, complemented with participatory design sessions, conducted to examine the role of therapists in the use of video games in therapy. The results show that video games were used often, but improvements could be made to make them more effective for the therapist. From these results, design recommendations for video games were derived. Recommendations include that a therapeutic video game should be easy to start–up and configure, yet support calibration and adaptation for a wide variety of impairments, should allow the therapist to support a patient during play and should support the therapist in tracking a patients performance and reporting on his performance.

P-III: A Player-Centered, Iterative, Interdisciplinary and Integrated Framework for Serious Game Design and Development

While reconciling a creative game design process with a complex software engineering process is already a daunting task, serious games add another ingredient to an already volatile mixture: the challenge of crafting an effective learning experience. In order to achieve this strenuous objective, Group T’s e-Media Lab and the Centre for User Experience Research, K.U.Leuven, have developed a player-centered, iterative, interdisciplinary and integrated (P-III) framework. This framework has been developed over the course of five years of research on the design and development of serious games. Hence, P-III is built bottom-up, molded and shaped, tested and refined through several research projects [1,9,17,18,19,20,21,22,23]. While P-III also prescribes a specific process, in this paper we limit ourselves to highlighting the four pillars of the P-III framework, and their theoretical underpinnings.