Vinicius de Oliveira Damasceno

Tipo físico ideal e satisfação com a imagem corporal de praticantes de caminhada

The objective of the present study was to quantify the ideal physical type and to verify the body image satisfaction level of regular walkers. One hundred and eighty six individuals participated in this study as follows: 87 women (age = 28.70 ± 12.6 years, stature = 161.6 ± 6.2 cm, body mass = 58.9 ± 12.0 kg, and fat = 25.7 ± 7.8 F%), and 98 men (age = 27.9 ± 12.9 years, stature = 177.2 ± 6.9 cm, body mass = 75.0 ± 12.3 kg, and fat = 13.3 ± 6.1 F%). The individuals were asked to indicate which profile corresponded to his/her body and which profile they wanted to reach. Only 24% of women are satisfied. Profile 3 was pointed as ideal to be reached by 55% of women (profile 2 = 18%; and profile 4 = 21%). Profile 3, according to results of this study, corresponded to F% of 20.5 ± 0.9% (EPM) and to MBI of 20.0 ± 0.3 kg/m2 (EPM). In relation to men, only 18% are satisfied. Profile 4 was pointed as ideal by 47% of men (profile 3 = 23%; and profile 5 = 19%). Profile 4 corresponds to F% of 9.8 ± 1.4% (EPM) and to BMI of 23.1 ± 0.4 kg/m2 (EPM). There is an ideal physical type for both genders. No difference with body image satisfaction degree between genders was verified.O objetivo do presente estudo foi quantificar o tipo fisico ideal e verificar o nivel de insatisfacao com a imagem corporal de praticantes de caminhada. Participaram do estudo 186 pessoas: 87 mulheres (idade = 28,70 ± 12,6 anos, estatura = 161,6 ± 6,2cm, massa corporal = 58,9 ± 12,0kg e gordura = 25,7 ± 7,8 G%) e 98 homens (idade = 27,9 ± 12,9 anos, estatura = 177,2 ± 6,9cm, massa corporal = 75,0 ± 12,3kg e gordura = 13,3 ± 6,1 G%). Solicitou-se que as pessoas indicassem qual silhueta correspondia ao seu corpo atualmente e qual gostariam de atingir. Apenas 24% das mulheres estao satisfeitas. A silhueta 3 foi apontada como ideal a ser atingido por 55% das mulheres (silhueta 2 = 18%; e 4 = 21%). A silhueta 3, de acordo com os resultados desse estudo, corresponde ao G% 20,5 ± 0,9% (EPM) e ao IMC de 20,0 ± 0,3kg/m2 (EPM). Quanto aos homens, apenas 18% estao satisfeitos. A silhueta 4 foi apontada como ideal por 47% dos homens (silhueta 3 = 23%; e 5 = 19%). A silhueta 4 corresponde ao G% 9,8 ± 1,4% (EPM) e ao IMC de 23,1 ± 0,4kg/m2 (EPM). Existe um tipo fisico ideal para ambos os sexos. Nao houve diferenca entre o grau de insatisfacao com a imagem corporal entre os sexos.

Vigorexia e níveis de dependência de exercício em frequentadores de academias e fisiculturistas

INTRODUCTION: Currently, good appearance is a synonym to success, health and determination. So as to, the modern society overwhelms the individuals to follow beauty stereotypes. The heritage of this capitalist and selfish society is the psychological appearance disorders and the psychological dependence associated with them. Among these, we can mention vigorexy and exercise dependence. OBJECTIVES: I) to compare vigorexy levels and exercise dependence among gym goers and bodybuilders, II) to corelate the variables on physical practice (time of practice, weekly frequency and sessions time) to the frequency dimensions of vigorexy and exercise dependence; and, III) to compare vigorexy levels according to the exercise dependence groups (dependent or in risk, not symptomatic dependent and not asymptomatic dependent). METHODS: The sample was composed of 151 male gym goers (27.66 ± 6.54- year-old and 27.56 ± 5.03 BMI) and 25 bodybuilders (30.80 ± 5.54-year-old and 26.72 ± 4.24 BMI). The participants answered the Exercise Dependence Scale and the Muscle Dysmorphic Disorder Inventory. The statistical analysis involved descriptive, univariated normality, comparative and correlational analyses. RESULTS: The main results were: I) absence of differences between gym goers and bodybuilders concerning vigorexy levels and exercise dependence, II) training session time is positively correlated with most of the dimensions of the exercise dependence, and, III) the group classified as dependent or in risk reveals medium superior levels of vigorexy. CONCLUSION: Lastly, it was found that both in bodybuilders and gym goers, the higher the vigorexy level, the higher the exercise dependence wit this correlation is higher in bodybuilders.

Selected anthropometric variables and aerobic fitness as predictors of cardiovascular disease risk in children.

The aim of this study was to assess the suitability of body mass index, waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio and aerobic fitness as predictors of cardiovascular risk factor clustering in children. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 290 school boys and girls from 6 to 10 years old, randomly selected. Blood was collected after a 12-hour fasting period. Blood pressure, waist circumference (WC), height and weight were evaluated according to international standards. Aerobic fitness (AF) was assessed by the 20-metre shuttle-run test. Clustering was considered when three of these factors were present: high systolic or diastolic blood pressure, high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high triglycerides, high plasma glucose, high insulin concentrations and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. A ROC curve identified the cut-off points of body mass index (BMI), WC, waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and AF as predictors of risk factor clustering. BMI, WC and WHR resulted in significant areas under the ROC curves, which was not observed for AF. The anthropometric variables were good predictors of cardiovascular risk factor clustering in both sexes, whereas aerobic fitness should not be used to identify cardiovascular risk factor clustering in these children.

Oxygen Uptake and Heart Rate Kinetics after Different Types of Resistance Exercise

Abstract Oxygen uptake (VO2) and heart rate (HR) kinetics after exercise are important indicators of fitness and cardiovascular health. However, these variables have been little investigated in resistance exercise (RE). The current study compared post-exercise kinetics of VO2 and the HR among different types of REs. The study included 14 males (age: 26.5±5.4 years, body mass: 80.1±11.4 kg, body height: 1.77±0.07 m, fat content: 11.3±4.6%) with RE experience. Dynamic muscle strength was measured using one repetition maximum (1RM) with regard to the half-squat, bench press, pull-down, and triceps pushdown exercises. The participants performed a maximum number of repetitions at 80% of 1RM for each exercise, separated by a recovery period of 60 minutes. VO2 was measured using ergospirometry. VO2 and HR kinetics were assessed using the time constant of the recovery curves, and excess oxygen consumption (EPOC) was calculated afterward. Significant differences were not observed across the exercises with regard to VO2 kinetics. However, the half-squat exercise elicited a greater EPOC than the bench press and triceps pushdown exercises (p<.05). HR kinetics was slower for the half-squat exercise than for the other exercises (p<.05). These findings confirm that the type of RE influences both the cardiac autonomic response post-exercise and EPOC, but not VO2 kinetics

Fotossilhuetas para avaliação da imagem corporal de fisiculturistas

INTRODUCAO: Estudos recentes em imagem corporal tem buscado desenvolver conjuntos de silhuetas com as caracteristicas de grupos especificos. Para o fisiculturismo, ainda nao foram desenvolvidos conjuntos de silhuetas que representem mais detalhadamente o conjunto das estruturas corporais. Para esse esporte, os detalhes sao essenciais. OBJETIVO: Propor um conjunto de silhuetas especifico para fisiculturista composto por fotografias (fotossilhuetas). Metodo: O estudo foi estruturado em tres fases: 1) fotografia dos fisiculturistas, selecao e organizacao das fotos pelos pesquisadores; 2) organizacao das fotos por professores e treinadores de fisiculturistas; e 3) aplicacao do conjunto de fotossilhuetas proposto. RESULTADOS: Fase 1 - os valores de IMC se distribuiram em ordem crescente (IMC de 24,1 ate 35,6kg/m2); Fase 2 - participaram seis professores de educacao fisica e seis treinadores de fisiculturismo e todos ordenaram as fotossilhuetas na mesma ordem crescente que os pesquisadores; e Fase 3 - participaram 20 fisiculturistas, apenas um nao apontou o conjunto proposto como preferido para avaliacao perceptiva da imagem corporal. Entre as silhuetas atribuidas pelos tres pesquisadores, observou-se correlacao intraclasse de 0,92. Comparando a media das silhuetas atribuidas pelos pesquisadores (3,8 ± 1,0) e a media das silhuetas atribuidas pelos atletas (3,9 ± 1,0), nao se encontrou diferenca significativa e correlacao de 0,75 (p < 0,05). CONCLUSAO: Conclui-se que o conjunto de fotossilhuetas e valido para o estudo da dimensao perceptiva da imagem corporal de fisiculturistas no que diz respeito a identificacao da silhueta atual.

Associação de índice de massa corporal e aptidão física aeróbica com fatores de risco cardiovascular em crianças

Resumo Objetivo Identificar a associacao do indice de massa corporal e aptidao fisica aerobica com fatores de risco de doencas cardiovasculares em criancas. Metodos Estudo transversal realizado na cidade de Itauna-MG no ano de 2010 com 290 escolares de 6 a 10 anos de ambos os sexos, aleatoriamente selecionados. Criancas de escolas da zona rural e aquelas com limitacoes medicas para pratica de atividade fisica nao foram incluidas. Coletou-se o sangue apos jejum de 12 horas. A pressao arterial, a estatura e o peso foram avaliados segundo padroes internacionais. Foram considerados fatores de risco cardiovascular: hipertensao arterial, colesterol total, LDL, triacilglicerois e insulinemia elevados e HDL baixo. A analise estatistica incluiu a Correlacao de Spearman e a Regressao Logistica, com os fatores de risco cardiovascular como variaveis dependentes. Resultados Correlacoes significativas foram encontradas, nos dois sexos, entre indice de massa corporal e aptidao fisica aerobica com a maioria dos fatores de risco cardiovascular. Criancas dos dois sexos com indice de massa corporal acima do percentil 75 apresentaram chances aumentadas para insulinemia alterada e agrupamento de fatores de risco cardiovascular. Meninas com aptidao fisica aerobica no primeiro quartil apresentaram chances aumentadas para insulinemia alterada e agrupamento de fatores de risco cardiovascular. Conclusao As associacoes significativas e as chances aumentadas para presenca de fatores de risco cardiovascular em criancas com menor aptidao fisica aerobica e maior indice de massa corporal justificam o uso dessas variaveis no monitoramento da saude em pediatria.Objective: To identify the association between both, body mass index and aerobic fitness, with cardiovascular disease risk factors in children. Methods: Cross-sectional study, carried out in Itaúna-MG, in 2010, with 290 school children ranging from 6 to 10 years-old of both sexes, randomly selected. Children from schools located in the countryside and those with medical restrctions for physical activity were not included. Blood sample was collected after a 12-hour fasting period. Blood pressure, stature and weight were evaluated in accordance with international standards. The following were considered as cardiovascular risk factors: high blood pressure, high total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides and insulin levels, and low HDL. The statistical analysis included the Spearmans coefficient and the logistic regression, with cardiovascular risk factors as dependent variables. Results: Significant correlations were found, in both sexes, among body mass index and aerobic fitness with most of the cardiovascular risk factors. Children of both sexes with body mass index in the fourth quartile demonstrated increased chances of having high blood insulin and clustering cardiovascular risk factors. Moreover, girls with aerobic fitness in the first quartile also demonstrated increased chances of having high blood insulin and clustering cardiovascular risk factors. Conclusion: The significant associations and the increased chances of having cardiovascular risk factors in children with less aerobic fitness and higher levels of body mass index justify the use of these variables for health monitoring in Pediatrics.

Efeitos do treinamento sobre variaveis psicofisiologicas na pre-temporada de futebol

OBJETIVO: Verificar o efeito da carga de treinamento em variaveis bioquimicas, psicologicas, fisiologicas e hematologicas durante uma pre-temporada em atletas profissionais de futebol. METODOS: Oito jogadores de futebol profissional foram monitorados por 21 dias durante uma pre-temporada e submetidos a quatro avaliacoes (T1, T2, T3 e T4). As variaveis analisadas foram: concentracao de hemoglobina, creatina quinase, questionario POMS e variabilidade da frequencia cardiaca no dominio do tempo e da frequencia. A carga de treinamento de cada sessao foi quantificada atraves do metodo TRIMP. RESULTADOS: A creatina quinase aumentou significativamente (p 0,05) e nao foram encontradas correlacoes entre as variaveis. CONCLUSAO: Parece que a creatina quinase e a variavel mais sensivel a carga de treinamento do que as outras analisadas. Os valores da variabilidade da frequencia cardiaca no dominio da frequencia apresentam uma tendencia na resposta para mudancas na carga de treinamento.o bjective: t o verify the effect of training load in biochemical, psychological, physiological and hematological variables during a pre-season in professional soccer players. methods: Eight male professional soccer players were monitored for 21 days during a pre-season and submitted to four evaluations ( t 1, t 2, t 3 and t4). t he variables analysed were: hemoglobin, creatine kinase, poms questionnaire and heart rate variability in time and frequency domains. t he load of each training session was quantified using the trimp method. r esults: creatina kinase increased significantly (p 0.05) and no correlations between variables were found. c onclusion: i t seems that creatina kinase is the most sensitive variable to training load compared to the other variables. heart rate vari -

Aplicabilidade do indice adiposidade corporal na estimativa do percentual de gordura de jovens mulheres brasileiras

INTRODUCCION: La estimativa de la composicion corporal es un campo de estudio importante en el pronostico y diagnostico de enfermedades degenerativas. OBJETIVO: Analizar la aplicabilidad del Indice de Adiposidad Corporal (IAC) y el metodo de pliegues cutaneos. METODOS: La muestra fue constituida por 19 adultas jovenes con promedio de edad de 24,53 ± 2,65 anos, sometidas a evaluacion antropometrica (circunferencias y pliegues cutaneos) y absorciometria por doble emision de rayo X (DXA). Los valores estimados fueron comparados al valor de referencia por medio del test t pareado y por el analisis del nivel de asociacion entre los metodos por la correlacion de Pearson; el nivel de significancia fue de p 0,05) con nivel de asociacion fuerte (r = 0,879). CONCLUSION: Aunque el IAC no presente diferencia para los valores estimados, queda evidente la necesidad de mas estudios sobre la aplicabilidad del metodo en la poblacion brasilena.

Association between different phases of menstrual cycle and body image measures of perceived size, ideal size, and body dissatisfaction.

The association between phases of the menstrual cycle and body image was investigated. 44 university women (M age = 23.3 yr., SD = 4.7) judged their perceived and ideal body size, and body dissatisfaction was calculated at each phase of the menstrual cycle, including premenstrual, menstrual, and intermenstrual. Participants selected one of nine figural drawings ranging from very thin to obese that represented their perceived size and ideal size. Body dissatisfaction was measured as the absolute difference between scores on perceived and ideal figural drawings. During each menstrual phase, anthropometric measures of weight, height, body mass index, circumference of waist and abdomen, and body composition were taken. There were no significant differences in any anthropometric measures between the three menstrual cycle phases. Perceived body size and body dissatisfaction were significantly different between menstrual phases, with the largest perceived body size and highest body dissatisfaction occurring during the menstrual phase. Ideal body size did not differ between menstrual phases, although participants desired a significantly smaller ideal size as compared to the perceived size.

Força explosiva em distintos estágios de maturação em jovens futebolistas das categorias infantil e juvenil

The objective was to identify differences among maturity levels in explosive force. Sample of n = 150 boys footballers, aged between 14‐17 years. For the maturation stage method was used to Tanner and the strength of lower limbs was used vertical jump tests. The descriptive statistical measures involved and to investigate differences between means in maturational stages was used the nonparametric Mann‐Whitney U and Kruskal‐Wallis. In both categories, child and youth no significant differences in the levels of explosive force between maturational stages. Suggesting that the findings of this study can be explained by the reflection of training or selection practices for the sport, but more research should be conducted on this topic.