Vinícius von Diemen

Experimental model to induce obesity in rats

The etiology of obesity is multifactorial and is becoming a problem of public health, due to its increased prevalence and the consequent repercussion of its comorbidities on the health of the population. The great similarity and homology between the genomes of rodents and humans make these animal models a major tool to study conditions affecting humans, which can be simulated in rats. Obesity can be induced in animals by neuroendocrine, dietary or genetic changes. The most widely used models to induce obesity in rats are a lesion of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) by administering monosodium glutamate or a direct electrical lesion, ovariectomy, feeding on hypercaloric diets and genetic manipulation for obesity.

Effect of the oral administration of monosodium glutamate during pregnancy and breast-feeding in the offspring of pregnant Wistar rats.

PURPOSE Determine the effects of the MSG (monosodium glutamate) in the offspring of pregnant rats through the comparison of the weight, NAL (nasal-anal length) and IL (Index of Lee) at birth and with 21 days of life. METHODS Pregnant Wistar rats and their offspring were divided into 3 groups: GC, G10 and G20. Each of the groups received 0%, 10% and 20% of MSG, respectively from coupling until the end of the weaning period. RESULTS Neither weight nor NAL were different among the groups at birth. The group G20 at birth had an IL lower than the group GC (p<0,05) and with 21 days of life presented weight and NAL lower than the groups G10 and this lower than the GC (p<0,01). Otherwise the G20 at 21 days of life had the IL similar to the other two groups. The weight profit percentage from birth to the 21st day of life was lower in the G20 regarding the other two groups (p<0,01). The G20 had a NAL increase percentage from birth to the 21st day of life lower than the G10 and this lower than the GC (p<0,01). CONCLUSIONS MSG presented a dose-dependent relation in the variables weight and NAL. It caused a decrease in the growth pattern as well as in the weight gain pattern until the 21st day of life. The IL of the group 20% had an increased in relation to the control group after 3 weeks of follow up.

Duodenopancreatectomia e hemicolectomia no tratamento do câncer de cólon avançado

O tratamento das lesoes neoplasicas localmente avancadas de colon permanece um desafio pelo envolvimento e invasao de orgaos como o pâncreas e o duodeno. Apresentamos um caso de câncer de colon avancado de um paciente submetido a colectomia direita associada a duodenopancreatectomia. No seguimento de cinco anos, o paciente permanecia livre de doenca. Apesar da elevada morbidade, a resseccao multivisceral associada a quimioterapia adjuvante apresenta boa sobrevida e ate mesmo cura em longo prazo. Palavras-chave: Câncer de colon; colectomia; cirurgia oncologica.

LINEA ALBA COLLAGEN ASSESSMENT IN MORBIDLY OBESE PATIENTS

ABSTRACT Background: The evaluation of collagen in the abdominal wall has been increasingly studied because of the relevance on collagen in the healing process after laparotomy. Aim: To evaluate the amount of collagen in the linea alba of patients undergoing laparotomic bariatric surgery and comparing with non-obese cadavers. Methods: Were evaluated 88 samples of aponeurosis from abdominal linea alba of 44 obese patients (obesity group) and 44 non-obese cadavers (control group). The samples were collected in 2013 and 2104, and were sorted according to age (18-30, 31-45 and 46-60), gender, BMI, waist and cervical circumference, and subcutaneous tissue thickness. Material for biopsy was collected from the supraumbilical region of the linea alba for immunohistochemical analysis differentiating collagen type 1 and type 3 and the 1/3 ratio. Image-Pro Plus pixel counting software was used to measure the amount of collagen. Results: The obesity group evidenced mean age 44.11±9.90 years; 18-30 age group had three (6.8%) obese individuals; 31-45 had 22 (50%) and 46-60 had 19 (43.1%). Females were present in 81.8% (n=36); BMI (kg/m²) was 48.81±6.5; waist circumference (cm) was 136.761±13.55; subcutaneous tissue thickness (cm) 4.873±0.916. Considering age groups, gender and BMI, there were statistical differences in all tests when compared with the cadavers. Conclusion: The amount of collagen in the linea alba above the umbilical region in the morbidly obese patients was smaller than in the non-obese cadavers in the same age group.

Estudo de viabilidade de aloenxerto de traquéia em ratos: o papel da omentoplastia na vigência de imunossupressão

A cirurgia de traqueia enfrenta dificuldades em acompanhar os recentes avancos da terapeutica cirurgica. Os resultados cirurgicos sao baseados em trabalhos classicos desenvolvidos ha mais de dez anos. Caracteristicas especificas de vascularizacao e de regeneracao estao entre os problemas que os cirurgioes enfrentam no tratamento das lesoes adquiridas ou congenitas da traqueia. As proteses e o transplante ainda nao fazem parte do arsenal terapeutico. Com o objetivo especifico de determinar o valor da gordura na viabilidade de aloenxertos traqueais, os autores utilizaram ratos Fischer 344 para estudar a regeneracao e a viabilidade de aloenxertos, associados a imunossupressao. Um doador possibilitou o implante de um fragmento traqueal em gordura do subcutâneo de dez ratos e de um fragmento no omento. Estes fragmentos de traqueia foram estudados histologicamente visando determinar a viabilidade. Os resultados demonstraram que a gordura extraperitonial, no rato, nao serve para manter a viabilidade de aloenxerto, mesmo utilizando imunossupressao (p<0,05), quando comparada a gordura intraperitoneal.