Violeta Makarevičienė

Possibilities of using Camelina sativa oil for producing biodiesel fuel

Abstract Biofuels for diesel engines are produced mainly from rapeseed oil in Lithuania and the Member States of the European Union. In order to minimise an adverse impact of biodiesel fuel on the food sector, it is necessary to look for alternative feedstocks for producing biodiesel fuel including the potential utilisation of the new kinds of oilseed crops and various fatty waste. Camelina (Camelina sativa) could be one of the kinds of such oilseed crops, and therefore the physical and chemical parameters of Camelina sativa oil and biodiesel fuel produced from this oil were determined and the conformity of quality parameters with the requirements of biofuel standard was evaluated. It was found that fatty acid methyl esters made from Camelina sativa oil had a high iodine value (164.6÷169.6 g I2 / 100 g oil), and therefore could be used as fuel for diesel engines only in the mixtures with methyl esters produced from animal fat or used for frying oil. It has been established that similar mixtures can contai...

The influence of Oxidation on Tribological Properties of Rapeseed Oil

Abstract Approximately a half of all consumed lubricants, in one or another way, end up in the environment. Some countries put forward recommendations or even requirements for the use of environmentally friendly bio-lubricants the purpose of which is to reduce a negative influence of lubricants. The priority areas of using environmentally friendly lubricants cover water transport, hydraulic systems in forestry machinery, railway applications, road building machines etc. Particularly it is the case when an increased possibility of putting a lubricant in the environment occurs. Regarding good lubricity and excellent biodegradability, vegetable oils are widely used as environmentally friendly lubricants. The biggest disadvantage of vegetable oils as base stock for lubricants is pure oxidation stability. This article deals with the influence of thermal oxidation on tribological properties of rapeseed oil. The obtained results show that oxidation decreases lubrication ability due to structural changes in oil. ...

Exhaust emissions from the engine running on multi-component fuel

Abstract Possible alternative raw materials for producing biodiesel fuel are as follows: Camelina sativa oil, fibre linseed oil and waste animal fat. The aim of this work was to analyse the emissions of the engine running on multi-component fuels containing fossil diesel fuel (D), linseed or Camelina sativa oil fatty acid methyl esters (LSME and CME respectively) and beef tallow (TME) fatty acid methyl esters. The concentration of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) in the mixtures with fossil diesel fuel varied from 10% to 30%. The mass proportion of LSME (or CME) and TME in the mixtures was 1:4. The lowest NOx concentration in exhaust gases was observed when the mixtures contained 10% of biofuel. For the mixtures containing CME and LSME, NOx concentrations reached 290 and 295 ppm respectively when the engine rotation speed was 1200 min−1 and 370 and 375 ppm respectively when rotation speed was 2000 min−1. CO concentration was the lowest when fuel contained 30% of the FAME mixture. HC concentration was sligh...

BIODIESEL FUEL PRODUCTION FROM MICROALGAE OIL BY APPLYING ENZYMATIC TRANSESTERIFICATION WITH ETHANOL

Rapeseed is currently the main raw material for biodiesel production in Europe. The search for new raw materials is very important for the increase of biodiesel fuel production volume. Microalgae are one of alternatives for biodiesel fuel production. In this research, transesterification of microalgae Chlorella sp . oil with ethanol by applying the biotechnological method has been studied. The effectiveness of seven commercial lipases was evaluated. The most effective lipase Lipolase 100 L was selected for optimization of reaction conditions. The influence of main process parameters, including the ethanol to oil molar ratio, lipase amount and process duration on transesterification yield was evaluated. The results revealed, that process duration and amount of lipase affected the transesterification yield mostly. The biodiesel yield higher than 96.5 % could be obtained when ethanol and oil molar ratio in reaction mixture is 8:1, process duration – 24 hours, lipase amount – 8 %. Keywords: biodiesel, enzymatic transesterification, ethanol, microalgae oil Article DOI: http://doi.org/10.15544/RD.2015.002