Viviane Rohrig Rabassa

Effect of butaphosphan and cyanocobalamin on postpartum metabolism and milk production in dairy cows

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of butaphosphan and cyanocobalamin (BTPC) supplementation on plasma metabolites and milk production in postpartum dairy cows. A total of fifty-two Holstein cows were randomly assigned to receive either: (1) 10 ml of saline (NaCl 0.9%, control group); (2) 1000 mg of butaphosphan and 0.5 mg of cyanocobalamin (BTPC1 group); and (3) 2000 mg of butaphosphan and 1.0 mg of cyanocobalamin (BTPC2 group). All cows received injections every 5 days from calving to 20 days in milk (DIM). Blood samples were collected every 15 days from calving until 75 DIM to determine serum concentration of glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), cholesterol, urea, calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), aminotransferase aspartate (AST) and γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT). The body condition score (BCS) and milk production were evaluated from calving until 90 DIM. Increasing doses of BTPC caused a linear reduction in plasma concentrations of NEFA and cholesterol. Supplementation of BTPC also reduced concentrations of BHB but it did not differ between the two treatment doses. Milk yield and milk protein had a linear increase with increasing doses of BTPC. A quadratic effect was detected for milk fat and total milk solids according to treatment dose, and BTPC1 had the lowest mean values. Concentrations of glucose, urea, P, Mg, AST, GGT, milk lactose and BCS were not affected by treatment. These results indicate that injections of BTPC during the early postpartum period can reduce NEFA and BHB concentrations and increase milk production in Holstein cows.

Reduction of liver function delays resumption of postpartum ovarian activity and alters the synthesis of acute phase proteins in dairy cows.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentration of acute phase proteins, milk production, and resumption of postpartum ovarian activity of clinically healthy dairy cows in a semi-extensive system with different Liver Functionality Index (LFI) values. The animals were divided into two groups: Low LFI (LLFI: -7 to -12; n: 10) and High LFI (HLFI: -7 to -4; n: 10). Animals with LLFI had lower paraoxonase activity and lower albumin concentration in the pre- and postpartum periods (P<0.05), higher non-esterified fatty acids prepartum (P<0.005), and higher haptoglobin concentration postpartum (P<0.01). The LLFI group showed lower resumption of ovarian activity until 44days postpartum (29%; P<0.05) than HLFI (86%). Milk production did not differ between groups. Therefore, this study suggests that the LFI is an important biomarker of synthesis of acute phase proteins and the first ovulation interval, and it can be used to improve the production and reproductive performance.

Indicadores de desempenho relacionado ao parto de fêmeas suínas de primeiro e segundo partos

This study aimed to identify some performance parameters associated with the farrowing efficiency in sows. From a total of 636 births and 7,100 piglets born, data was collected for: parity (OP), number of piglets born alive (NV), stillborns (NAT), mummified (MUM), total litter size (TN), use of vaginal palpation and oxytocin injection, time of birth for each piglet, and beginning and end of the parturition. The average interval among piglets birth was 16.7 min and the average duration of parturition was 247 min. The average duration of parturition increased regarded to the number of born piglets, the use of oxytocin and with the ocurence of vaginal palpation. The total number of births in the long parturitions (> 211 min), with 13.1 piglets was higher than in the short parturitions (< 210 min), with 11.7 piglets, therefore, the higher the number of total piglets born, the longer is the duration of parturition. Litter size was higher for sows of the second parity (12.8) than for sows of first parity (11.9). The duration of parturition is affected by the number of piglets born, which is higher in second parity than first parity females and it is associated to the higher occurence of stillbirths and mummified piglets.

Concentration of minerals in the hoof horny capsule of healthy and lame dairy cows

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as concentracoes de minerais no tecido corneo de vacas leiteiras da raca Holandes saudaveis e com afeccoes podais associadas a laminite. Foram utilizados 21 bovinos, femeas, multiparas, da raca Holandes, com producao media de 24 litros de leite por dia, submetidas a manejo semi extensivo de alimentacao. Os animais foram avaliados quanto ao seu escore de locomocao (EL) e divididos em dois grupos: EL acima de dois, apresentando lesoes associadas a laminite (vacas com laminite - VCL); e EL igual a zero (vacas sem laminite - VSL). Foi realizada uma coleta de tecido corneo com aproximadamente 30 mm² de area da regiao abaxial da muralha do casco, a partir destas amostras foi realizada analise de calcio, fosforo, zinco e magnesio. Foi realizada coleta de sangue para analise dos niveis de calcio. Os animais do grupo VCL apresentaram niveis de magnesio menores (P=0,008), ja com o calcio foi observado aproximacao da significância (P=0,06) para menores concentracoes desse mineral quando comparado as vacas sadias (VSL) apesar de todos os animais serem normocalcemicos. Os demais minerais avaliados nao apresentaram diferenca entre grupos. Em conclusao, vacas com lesoes associadas a laminite apresentam menores concentracoes de magnesio no tecido corneo digital, sem variacao nas concentracoes de fosforo e zinco. A relacao entre lesoes podais e os niveis de calcio no tecido digital precisa ser avaliada em novos estudos.

Serum Metabolic Markers Pre and Postpartum in Holstein Cows According to the Mastitis Occurrence

Federal Catarinense Institute, Araquari Campus, Araquari, SC, Brazil. Federal University of Pelotas/NUPEEC, Center for Research, Education and Extension in Livestock, Pelotas, RS, Brazil. 4 Brothers Farm S.A., Rio Grande, RS. CORRESPONDENCE: V. Peripolli [vanessa.peripolli@hotmail. com Fax: +55 (47) 3803-7201]. Federal Catarinense Institute, Araquari Campus. CEP 89245-000 Araquari, SC, Brazil. Serum Metabolic Markers Pre and Postpartum in Holstein Cows According to the Mastitis Occurrence

Combinação de butafosfan e cianocobalamina no metabolismo da glicose em vacas leiteiras após o parto

A hipotese deste estudo e de que o uso da combinacao de butafosfan e cianocobalamina pode melhorar a resistencia periferica a insulina, aumentar a quantidade de glicose disponivel para a glândula mamaria e a producao de leite. Assim, o objetivo foi investigar os efeitos combinados de butafosfan e cianocobalamina sobre o metabolismo da glicose em vacas leiteiras no periodo pos-parto. Vinte e uma vacas leiteiras foram divididas em dois grupos: grupo controle (CON, n= 11), que recebeu cinco aplicacoes de solucao salina (20mL / animal 0,9% NaCl), e grupo Catosal(r) (ABC, n= 10), que recebeu cinco aplicacoes de 20mL de uma solucao contendo as substâncias butafosfan e cianocobalamina (B12 Catosal(r), 100mg da substância butafosfan e 50µg de cianocobalamina por mL). As aplicacoes foram realizadas por via intramuscular, nos dias sete, 12, 17, 22 e 27 pos-parto. As amostras de sangue foram coletadas para a avaliacao das concentracoes plasmaticas de fosforo, glicose, acidos graxos nao esterificados (AGNE), albumina, aspartato aminotransferase (AST) e creatina quinase (CK). Nos dias oito e 28 pos-parto, os animais foram pesados e submetidos aos testes de tolerância a glicose e a insulina. O tratamento promoveu perda de peso (ABC 40,4kg, CON 10,73kg, P<0,05) e aumento da AST (ABC 62,92 ±3,31U/L, CON 53,11±3,49 U / L, P<0,05) e dos niveis de CK (ABC 134,09± 19,08U / L, CON 79,43 ± 18,27U / L). Os grupos nao diferiram quanto ao metabolismo (area sob a curva) da glicose nos dias oito e 28, porem os animais tratados tiveram um aumento na glicemia (P<0,05) no dia 28 pos-parto (97,54 ± 8,54mg / dL), apos a administracao de insulina, em comparacao ao dia oito (83,01 ± 8,54mg / dL). Assim, pode-se concluir que a combinacao de butafosfan e cianocobalamina melhora a adaptacao do metabolismo da glicose em vacas leiteiras no inicio da lactacao.

Prepartum administration of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rBST) on adaptation to subclinical ketosis of the ewes and performance of the lambs

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of prepartum rbST injection on the metabolic profile of pregnant ewes induced to subclinical ketosis, as well as the metabolism until seven days of life and weight gain until seven weeks of life of the lambs. Twenty seven pregnant ewes of the pantaneiro genetic group were used, divided into two groups: rbST group (n = 14) and control group (n = 13). The rbST group received two applications of 1 mg/kg of rbST, at 97 and 111 days gestation, while the control group received placebo injections. There were significant differences between groups in levels of GGT in the ketosis post induction period and BHB concentrations in the postpartum period. Concentrations of glucose, urea, phosphorus, albumin, cholesterol, AST, NEFA and insulin were not different between dams from the two groups in different periods of the study (P>0.05). There was an effect of rbST on body weight observed already at fourteen days of life (P<0.0001), there was an increase in serum phosphorus levels at birth of lambs (P=0.0014), and albumin at seven days of life (P = 0.0014) of the lambs, with no difference between groups for the other metabolites. Therefore, the use of rbST was effective in increasing the weight of the lambs until the seventh week of life. In addition, rbST treatment had positive effects on the dam metabolism with reduction of liver overload, as indicated by decreased GGT after ketosis induction and decreased BHB at the postpartum period.

Limiar anaeróbico (V4) e frequência cardíaca de cavalos Crioulos condicionados para prova funcional

The anaerobic threshold (V4) while running on a track is used in many breeds to evaluate physical conditioning and to establish a training regimen, but these data have not been obtained for the Crioulo breed. This study evaluated 23 healthy Crioulo horses to determine the anaerobic threshold (V4) during training. The selected animals were subjected to a performance test on a track. The test consisted of three five minute stages with increasing speeds of 6m/s, 8 m/s and 10m/s until the blood lactate concentration reached 4mmol/dL. Blood lactate concentrations began to increase at the exercise speed of 6m/s, and 90% (n=20) of the animals reached 4mmol/dL lactate between 6-8m/s, with an average heart rate ranging from 121 to 140bpm at these speeds. Our results demonstrate that the V4 of the Crioulo horse is between 6-8m/s at a heart rate between 121 and 140bpm.

Efeito da somatotropina recombinante bovina (rbST) sobre os níveis de marcadores metabólicos de touros semiconfinados das raças Aberdeen Angus e Brangus

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) on metabolic markers for energy, protein, mineral and hepatic metabolism of sires kept grazing and receiving concentrate. Twenty sires Aberdeen Angus and Brangus used for this experiment were divided in two groups (Placebo and rbST). The group Placebo received subcutaneous administration of NaCl, 0.9% and rbST receive rbST twice. Five blood collections with 14 days of interval were made for evaluation of triglyceride and cholesterol as energetic metabolism markers, urea, as proteic marker, alkaline phosphatase and phosphorus as minerals markers and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma glutamyltransferase (GGT) as indicators of the hepatic function. The rbST did not influence the energetic, mineral and proteic markers, except the hepatic enzyme GGT (P<0,05). These results indicated that the use of rbST in sires did not affect metabolism, therefore evaluated parameters remaining in the physiological range for the specie.