Waldemar A. Trzciński

Detonation properties of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (DADNE)

1,1-Diamino-2,2-dinitroethene (DADNE, FOX-7) is an explosive of current interest. In our work, an advanced study of detonation characteristics of this explosive was performed. DADNE was prepared and recrystallized on a laboratory scale. Some sensitivity and detonation properties of DADNE were determined. The detonation performance was established by measurements of the detonation wave velocity, detonation pressure and calorimetric heat of explosion as well as the accelerating ability. The JWL (Jones-Wilkins-Lee) isentrope and the constant-gamma isentrope for the detonation products of DADNE were also found.

Detonation Characteristics of Plastic Explosives Based on Attractive Nitramines with Polyisobutylene and Poly(methyl methacrylate) Binders

Four highly brisant nitramines, RDX (1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane), HMX (1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane), BCHMX (cis-1,3,4,6-tetranitro-octahydroimidazo-[4,5-d]imidazole), and ϵ-HNIW (ϵ-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane), were studied as extruded plastic explosives bonded by two plastic matrices based on polyisobutylene (C4 matrix) and poly-methylmethacrylate (plasticized by dioctyl-adipate) binders. The detonation velocities, D, were measured experimentally. Detonation parameters were also calculated by means of the Kamlet and Jacobs method and CHEETAH and EXPLO5 codes. These detonation parameters showed that plastic-bonded explosives (PBXs) based on BCHMX are more powerful explosives than those based on RDX. The Urizar coefficient for poly(methyl methacrylate) binder was also calculated.

Sensitivity and performance properties of tex explosives

Abstract Some sensitivity and performance properties of TEX were studied experimentally and theoretically. The TEX sensitivity to electrostatic spark was determined and tests for transportation were performed. The detonation properties, like the critical diameter, detonation pressure and Gurney energy were determined. Moreover, the detonation velocities of TEX-based cast explosives were compared with those of similar NTO-based ones.

Detonation Properties and Thermal Behavior of FOX-7-Based Explosives

Phlegmatized FOX-7 (1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene, DADNE) and mixtures with cyclotetramethylene tetranitramine (HMX) were prepared and their detonation properties (the detonation velocity, detonation pressure, acceleration ability, and detonation energy) were investigated. The sensitivity of these compositions to mechanical stimuli (friction, impact, and shock wave) were determined, and the thermal stability and compatibility of the components were tested. This work furthers the investigation into new compositions for low vulnerability ammunition.

Thermodynamic analysis of afterburning of detonation products in confined explosions

Abstract In the paper, an attempt is undertaken to apply the thermodynamic theory of closed combustion, proposed by A. K. Oppenheim and co-workers, to analyse the process of afterburning of the detonation products of condensed explosives in a chamber filled with air. The principal assumptions of the theory are presented and the problem of combustion of fuel in a closed volume is formulated. The relations between thermodynamic parameters and fuel consumption are determined from the laws of conservation of volume, mass and energy. These relations are used to estimate the rate and heat effect of afterburning of the detonation products of some explosives in a steel chamber of 150 dm3 volume. The influence of assumed degree of mixing of the combustion products and air on the mean pressure in the chamber is discussed.

Shock initiation studies of ammonium nitrate explosives

The influence of the mass and size of detonator on the ignition and development of detonation in mixtures of ammonium nitrate with trinitrotoluene and aluminium is investigated. The mean velocity of explosion propagation is measured at different depths in an explosive charge. To perform a numerical analysis of the initiation the active mass of detonator is determined and a one-dimensional model is proposed. A three-term, macrokinetic equation is used to describe the decomposition of the explosive. The experimental results for the mixtures initiated by RDX detonators are compared with those from a computer simulation. Both physical and chemical interpretations of the results are presented.

Detonation Properties of Low-Sensitivity NTO-Based Explosives

ABSTRACT Detonating performance of new explosive compositions containing NTO, TNT, RDX, and HMX is investigated in this work. Detonation velocity, pressure, and energy of the mixtures tested as well as acceleration ability and the equation of state of their detonation products were determined. Shock and impact sensitivities were evaluated in the gap test and heavy hammer test. Reaction of the mixtures on jet penetration was also tested.