Walter Biazotto

The ectopic newly-formed nerve fibres which repopulate the long-time denervated and atrophic chick skeletal muscle

1. The whole biventer cervicis muscles of the chick, being innervated by a branch of the dorsal ramus of C, presents structural Deculiarities which recommend it as good skeletal muscle for embryological, anatomical, physiological and pharmacological neuro-muscular investigations. 2. The nerve trunk responsible for the innervation of the distal belly runs completely included within the intermediate tendon; therefore, a tendon transection determines complete denervation and nerve fibre degeneration of the distal belly of the muscle. 3. Long-time experimentally denervated distal bellies (from three up to twelve months) are repopulated by ectopic nerve fibres which must have arisen from a source other than the proximal stump, neighbour nerves or nervi-vasorum. 4. Motor endplates appear in these long-time (eight or more months) denervated biventer cervicis distal bellies. 5. Although atrophic-looking such muscle bellies responded to indirect and to direct electrical stimulation — 1.5 V — by contraction. 6. The long-time denervated distal bellies of the biventer cervicis muscle of the chick, when properly reoperated by cross-grafting suture with the normal contralateral muscle, lost their atrophic appearance and showed to be successfully recovered in about thirty days.

Estudo da conectividade entre o nervo occipital maior e estruturas adjacentes considerações anátomo-clínicas

In order to offer anatomical basis that aid for clinical interpretation of headache of cervical origin a macro-mesoscopic study of greater occipital nerve and its subcutaneous rise out site was accomplished. The authors observed that in its course this nerve delineates angles and direction shifts that can stand for critical points in etiology of occipital pain, so that in its subcutaneous rise out region both occipital artery and vein shape the vasculo-nervous bundle wrapped by sheath of fibrous connective tissue which has continuity and contiguity relation with the adjoining epimysium and perimysium. From our results, anatomo-clinical aspects are discussed.In order to offer anatomical basis that aid for clinical interpretation of headache of cervical origin a macro-mesoscopic study of greater occipital nerve and its subcutaneous rise out site was accomplished. The authors observed that in its course this nerve delineates angles and direction shifts that can stand for critical points in etiology of occipital pain, so that in its subcutaneous rise out region both occipital artery and vein shape the vasculo-nervous bundle wrapped by sheath of fibrous connective tissue which has continuity and contiguity relation with the adjoining epimysium and perimysium. From our results, anatomo-clinical aspects are discussed.

Estudo dos Componentes Fibrosos das Veias Reais de Humanos

O presente estudo teve por objetivo contribuir com informacoes sobre a disposicao dos elementos fibrosos das veias renais, principalmente na regiao da transicao cavo-renal. Foram utilizadas as veias renais e o segmento da veia cava inferior para o qual confluem as veias renais, de 16 cadaveres. O material anatomico foi submetido a elaboracao de preparados totais pelo metodo de SEMPER e de VAN GIESON segundo OTTO e a rotina histologica para realizacao de cortes espessos. Os cortes foram corados pelos metodos de AZAN, WEIGERT e WEIGERT modificado por VAN GIESON. Verificou-se que a transicao venosa cavo-renal e marcada por uma crista constituida predominantemente por feixes de fibras colagenas, acompanhados por feixes de fibras elasticas. Esta crista serve de insercao para feixes de fibras musculares provenientes de veia cava inferior e para feixes provenientes das veias renais. Notou-se que o contingente de fibras musculares das veias renais era proveniente da veia cava inferior, as quais somam-se a feixes da propria veia renal.

Nerve conduction patterns determined electronically for analysing peripheral nerves behavior in vivo

Nerve conduction patterns of the ulnar, hypoglossal and medial brachial cutaneous nerves were determined and recorded electronically in vivo on anesthetized dogs. The recorded tracings obtained were generally found to be in accordance with those described in the literature. However, our tracings showed a new additional fact, i.e., that motor and sensory peripheral nerve fibers have a specific unidirectional conduction (centrifugally for motor and centripetally for sensory), as long as these nerves were maintained undisturbed in their natural connective tissue bed. Although these facts correspond to what is considered normal biological behavior of nerve fibers, when in their natural environment, as far as we know, this has not been demonstrated before in neurophysiological experiments.