William Tester

Protracted intravenous fluorouracil infusion with radiation therapy in the management of localized pancreaticobiliary carcinoma: a phase I Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Trial.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of fluorouracil (5-FU) administered as a protracted intravenous (IV) infusion with concurrent radiation in patients with pancreaticobiliary carcinoma. METHODS Twenty-five patients with recurrent, residual, or unresectable carcinoma of the pancreas or biliary tract were treated on a phase I trial of protracted IV infusions of 5-FU, beginning at 200 mg/m2/d, concurrent with radiation therapy (59.4 Gy in 33 fractions over 6 to 7 weeks). Chemotherapy began on the first day of radiation and continued through the entire course of treatment. After each cohort of five patients had been treated and observed, the daily dose was escalated in 25-mg/m2 increments until dose-limiting toxicity was encountered. An additional cohort of five patients was treated at the MTD. Clinical examination and computed tomography (CT) were used to evaluate response and patterns of progression. RESULTS The MTD of 5-FU was 250 mg/m2/d. The dose-limiting toxicity was oral mucositis. The median survival duration of all patients treated was 11.9 months and the 2-year survival rate was 19%. Eleven of 25 patients remain free of local progression and four patients are without evidence of progression at 18+, 18+, 34+, and 44+ months following treatment. CONCLUSION Concurrent radiation with protracted 5-FU infusion at 250 mg/m2/d is well tolerated and shows evidence of activity against tumors of the pancreas and biliary system.

Family care giving for patients at life's end: report from the cultural variations study (CVAS).

OBJECTIVE To investigate differences between African American and White family caregivers in self-reported health, use of social support and external resources, and emotional and financial strain in the context of their care of a family member with advanced cancer. METHODS Sixty-nine patient-designated family caregivers of patients with advanced lung or colon cancer interviewed between December 1999 and July 2001. RESULTS Most African American and White family caregivers were able to identify someone else who was helping them in the care of their family member. Few caregivers used outside resources (e.g., home-based medical care, meal delivery, pastoral care, outside social support visitor) to assist in the support and care of the patient. At baseline, White caregivers were more likely to agree that caregiving caused work adjustments, (p=.28, p=.02) and emotional difficulties (p=.32, p=.008) and that caregiving had been completely overwhelming (p=.19, p=.12) than were African American caregivers. At follow-up, among family caregivers of patients who had died, 44% reported having to quit work to provide personal care for the patient. Twenty-five percent of family caregivers reported using most or all of the familys saving in caring for the patient. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS Caregivers of patients at end of life experience substantial emotional and financial difficulties related to caregiving. Family caregiving is a private undertaking with little use of outside resources to mitigate the burden.

Proteinuria monitoring in patients receiving bevacizumab at a community cancer center.

13 Background: The use of bevacizumab has been associated with the development of proteinuria. The manufacturer suggests monitoring for proteinuria with serial urine dipsticks. We set to evaluate the relevance and cost of this practice in a Community Cancer Center in Philadelphia. METHODS We performed a retrospective chart review at Albert Einstein Cancer Center. Consecutive patients treated with bevacizumab from January 2011 to March 2014 were included in the study. Primary endpoints were the incidence and grade of proteinuria under bevacizumab therapy and the implication of proteinuria in treatment (holding or cessation of bevacizumab). Secondary objectives included the association between the number of bevacizumab infusions or patients comorbidities (diabetes, hypertension, chronic kidney disease) and the development or worsening of proteinuria. We also calculated the cost of monitoring for proteinuria in our cohort. RESULTS 71 patients were screened. A total of 66 patients (corresponding to 738 infusions) were included in the analysis. Typical monitoring interval was every 2 cycles. None developed nephrotic range proteinuria. One patient (1.5%) developed grade 2 proteinuria. Bevaciuzumab was discontinued due to proteinuria in 2 patients (3%): neither of them developed permanent kidney damage or required an intervention as a consequence of the proteinuria. The most common reason of bevacizumab discontinuation was progression of disease (75%). Neither the number of infusions nor concomitant comorbidities were significantly associated with the development or worsening of proteinuria (p=0.8, p>0.05 respectively). The cost of monitoring for proteinuria in our cohort was estimated at

Approaching the End of Life: Attitudes, Preferences, and Behaviors of African-American and White Patients and Their Family Caregivers

3980. CONCLUSIONS These results show that the development of grade 2 proteinuria, let alone grade 3, with bevacizumab is uncommon and rarely affects treatment decisions in our Community Cancer Center. We therefore question the necessity of routine monitoring for proteinuria during bevacizumab treatment.