Winga Foma

Cancers primitifs oto-rhino-laryngologiques et cervico-maxillo-faciaux: aspects épidémiologiques et histopathologiques

INTRODUCTION Establish the panorama of primitive oto-rhino-laryngology and cervico-maxillofacial tumors diagnosed at a reference center in Togo. METHODS We conducted a retrospective, descriptive study of cancers diagnosed at the ORL and cervico-maxillofacial surgery department of the CHU Sylvanus Olympio of Lomé. It was conducted over a period of 10 years (1 January 2005 - 31 December 2014). RESULTS ORL and cervico-maxillofacial tumors account for 0.48% of consultations and 15.3% of all ORL tumors. The average age of patients was 47 years, ranging from 3 months to 86 years. We noted a male predominance; the sex ratio was 1.45. Drinking alcohol and smoking tobacco prevailed in the cancer of the larynx. Upper aerodigestive tract (UAT) tumors accounted for 64,8%, with a prevalence of cancers of the oral cavity (36,2% of UAT), followed by cancers of the oropharynx (18,5% of UAT) and finally by cancers of the larynx (18,1% of UAT). Primary malignant cervical adenopathies accounted for 18%. The rarest lesions were cancers of the ear and of maxillomandibular bone tissue (2.24% each). Histology was dominated by squamous cell carcinoma (61.4%) followed by non-Hodgkin lymphoma (23.2%). CONCLUSION ORL and cervico-maxillofacial tumors are frequent in Togo and can be diagnosed at any age. The predominant tumor types reported are those of the oral cavity, pharynx and primary malignant cervical adenopathies.

Upper aero digestive tract cancers: epidemiological and histopathological aspects in Togo

Background: The objective of the study was to describe the epidemiological and histopathological aspects of cancer of the upper aero digestive tract (UAT) in a reference service in Togo . Methods: It was a retrospective study about UAT cancers diagnosed in the ENT and maxillofacial surgery department of Sylvanus Olympio Teaching Hospital of Lome in Togo from 1st January 2005 to 31 December 2014, or a period of 10 years . Results: The UAT cancers represented 0.3% of consultations and 64.8% of head and neck cancers. The average age of patients was 51.3 years (± 16.5) with extremes of 3 months and 86 years. The sex ratio was 1.77. Chronic smoking was found in 26.4% of patients with 1.6% of women; that of chronic alcoholism among 43.8% of which 7.7% of women and the simultaneous alcoolotabagisme in 20.9% of patients. The UAT cancers were dominated by cancers of the oral cavity (36.2%) with particularly a female predominance (53.2%), followed by the oropharynx (18.5%) and the larynx (18.1%). The squamous cell carcinoma was predominant in UAT cancers (83.5%) followed by non-Hodgkin lymphoma (8.9%) and adenocarcinoma (2.7%) . Conclusions: UAT cancers are the largest contingent of head and neck cancers in Togo. They occur most often in men from the fifties but there are a high proportion of women. Histology is dominated by squamous cell carcinoma .