Xiaolu Su

Nitrogen ion implantation into the amorphous CN films prepared with ion beam assisted deposition

In order to further increase the nitrogen content of the amorphous CN films prepared with ion beam assisted deposition (IBAD), nitrogen ion implantation at 50 keV has been performed with the films. The films were characterized by Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (RBS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Both AES and RBS results show that the N concentration of the implanted films can be increased up to a saturated value of about 43 at.%. Although this saturated value is still lower than the stoichiometric N concentration of β-C3N4, TEM observation indicates that crystalline β-C3N4 with a dimension of about 30 nm has been grown at a dose of 1018 ions cm−2. It is also demonstrated by XPS that nitrogen ion implantation can result in more sp3 bonding character in the CN films.

Observation of coherent Smith-Purcell and transition radiation driven by single bunch and micro-bunched electron beams

Generation of coherent Smith-Purcell (cSPr) and transition/diffraction radiation using a single bunch or a pre-modulated relativistic electron beam is one of the growing research areas aiming at the development of radiation sources and beam diagnostics for accelerators. We report the results of comparative experimental studies of terahertz radiation generation by an electron bunch and micro-bunched electron beams and the spectral properties of the coherent transition and SP radiation. The properties of cSPr spectra are investigated and discussed, and excitations of the fundamental and second harmonics of cSPr and their dependence on the beam-grating separation are shown. The experimental and theoretical results are compared, and good agreement is demonstrated.

Phase control with two-beam interferometry method in a terahertz dielectric wakefield accelerator

High-gradient, beam-driven wakefield acceleration in THz structures is a promising technology for future free electron lasers and colliders. In this scheme, the main beam is accelerated by the wakefield of the high current drive beam. The time separation between the main and drive beams has to be chosen carefully to ensure that the main beam is in an accelerating phase of the drives wakefield. THz accelerating structures provide high gradient acceleration due to their small apertures, but their phase control is difficult due to the picosecond-scale period. Here, we report on a wakefield acceleration experiment in a 460 GHz dielectric wakefield accelerator (DWA). The optimum phase of the main beam during the experiment is determined with a two-beam wakefield interferometry (TBI) measurement. This is performed without the measurement of the main and drive beam bunch lengths or their separation. In TBI, the interference of the wakefields produced by the drive and main beams is measured with an integrating THz detector. The TBI signal, as a function of separation between the drive and main beams, exhibits a minimum due to destructive interference of these wakefields, which corresponds to maximum acceleration of the main beam as is confirmed by the energy spectrometer measurement. The maximum energy gain of 0.8 MeV and maximum energy loss of 1.2 MeV for the main beam have been measured, which agrees well with theoretical predictions.High-gradient, beam-driven wakefield acceleration in THz structures is a promising technology for future free electron lasers and colliders. In this scheme, the main beam is accelerated by the wakefield of the high current drive beam. The time separation between the main and drive beams has to be chosen carefully to ensure that the main beam is in an accelerating phase of the drives wakefield. THz accelerating structures provide high gradient acceleration due to their small apertures, but their phase control is difficult due to the picosecond-scale period. Here, we report on a wakefield acceleration experiment in a 460 GHz dielectric wakefield accelerator (DWA). The optimum phase of the main beam during the experiment is determined with a two-beam wakefield interferometry (TBI) measurement. This is performed without the measurement of the main and drive beam bunch lengths or their separation. In TBI, the interference of the wakefields produced by the drive and main beams is measured with an integrating T...

Non-perturbing THz generation at the Tsinghua University Accelerator Laboratory 31 MeV electron beamline

In recent experiments at Tsinghua University Accelerator Laboratory, the 31 MeV electron beam, which has been compressed to subpicosecond pulse durations, has been used to generate high peak power, narrow band Terahertz (THz) radiation by transit through different slow wave structures, specifically quartz capillaries metallized on the outside. Despite the high peak powers that have been produced, the THz pulse energy is negligible compared to the energy of the electron beam. Therefore, the THz generation process can be complementary to other beamline applications like plasma wakefield acceleration studies and Compton x-ray free electron lasers. This approach can be used at x-ray free electron laser beamlines, where THz radiation can be generated without disturbing the x-ray generation process. In the experiment reported here, a high peak current electron beam generated strong narrow band (∼1% bandwidth) THz signals in the form of a mixture of TM01 and TM02 modes. Each slow wave structure is completed with a mode converter at the end of the structure that allows for efficient (>90%) power extraction into free space. In the experiment, both modes in these two dielectric-loaded waveguides TM01 (0.3 THz/0.5 THz) and TM02 (0.9 THz/1.3 THz) were explicitly measured with an interferometer. The THz pulse energy was measured with a calibrated Golay cell at a few μJ.

Start-to-End Simulation on Terahertz Superradiation of Ultrashort Electron Bunch in an Undulator

The narrowband, intense and frequency-tunable THz radiation can be generated by letting an ultrashort electron bunch pass through an undulator. Start-to-end simulation of terahertz radiation from electron bunch in an undulator is studied in this paper. GPT code is used to track particle distribution from the photocathode RF gun to the entrance of the undulator and Genesis 1.3 is applied to simulate the radiation. The simulation results agree well with theoretical predictions.