Yang Jm

Extranodal NK / T‐cell lymphoma with cutaneous involvement: ‘nasal’ vs. ‘nasal‐type’ subgroups— a retrospective study of 18 patients

Backgroundu2002 Extranodal natural killer T (NK/T) cell lymphoma is subcategorized into ‘nasal’ and ‘nasal‐type’ NK/T‐cell lymphomas according to the primary sites of anatomical involvement.

Characteristics of cutaneous cytomegalovirus infection in non-acquired immune deficiency syndrome, immunocompromised patients.

Backgroundu2002 Although cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is a severe complication among immunocompromised patients, its cutaneous features have not been frequently reported. As herpes simple virus (HSV) infection commonly develops in CMV skin lesions, a study is needed on the pathogenetic role of CMV in cutaneous lesion formation.

Association of the single‐nucleotide polymorphism and haplotype of the interleukin 18 gene with atopic dermatitis in Koreans

Background IL‐18 is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays an important role for T‐helper type 1 (Th1) and Th2 cytokine in the presence/absence of IL‐12. It has been recently shown that human IL‐18 plays a role in atopic dermatitis (AD) by enhancing IL‐4 and IL‐13 production and by stimulating the synthesis of IgE.

Effect of Cl- on tyrosinase: complex inhibition kinetics and biochemical implication.

Abstract Tyrosinase plays a core role in melanogenesis of the various organisms. Therefore, the regulation of the tyrosinase activity is directly related with melanin synthesis. In this study, we investigated the Cl−-induced inhibition of human tyrosinase and the potent role of Cl− as a negative regulator in melanogenesis. For the inhibition kinetic studies, human tyrosinase was differently prepared from the TXM13 melanotic cells as well as from cells that had undergone gene transfection. We found that Cl− inhibited tyrosinase in a slope-parabolic competitive manner and tyrosinase gene transfection into HEK293 cell significantly down-regulated the expression levels of solute carrier family 12, member 4 (potassium/chloride transporters, SLC12A7) and solute carrier family 12, member 7 (potassium/chloride transporters, SLC12A7), which are known to be Cl− transporters. From the results of the inhibition kinetic studies and the Cl− transporter expression level, we suggested that Cl− might act as a potent regulatory factor in melanogenesis. It is worth notice that a high content of Cl− exists physiologically and tyrosinase reacts sensitively to Cl− in a complex interaction manner.

The use of dermoscopy for the diagnosis of trichotillomania

© 2008 The Authors JEADV 2009, 23, 702–738 Journal compilation

Complex Inhibition of Tyrosinase by Thiol-Composed Cu2+ Chelators: A Clue for Designing Whitening Agents

Abstract The inhibition of tyrosinase has attracted considerable attention for potential medicinal and cosmetic applications, as well as in agriculture. This study investigated the inhibition effects of thiol-associated Cu2+ chelators and deduced a strategy for designing and/or selecting tyrosinase inhibitors. Among the several compounds tested, dithioglycerine (DTGC) was selected for further experiments on the inhibition kinetics on tyrosinase. Different types of tyrosinases derived from mushroom and from the transient overexpression in HEK293 cells were tested individually. The results showed that DTGC significantly inhibited human tyrosinase in a complex manner (slope-parabolic mixed-type inhibition), which was comparable to mushroom tyrosinase. The affinity of DTGC affinity to human tyrosinase was evaluated by setting up a Ki slope equation. The results suggest that a Cu2+ chelator modified with thiol groups has potential as a whitening agent. In addition, a strategy for designing and/or selecting tyrosinase inhibitors that target the active enzyme site was also suggested.

Towards profiling the gene expression of fibroblasts from atopic dermatitis patients: human 8K complementary DNA microarray.

Background High‐throughput technologies, including DNA‐chip array, have been used to search for the genes that are dysregulated in human diseases. The atopic dermatitis (AD)‐associated genes are gradually being reported; however, the differentially altered gene expression profiles of atopic fibroblasts have not been well elucidated.

Comparison of diagnostic methods for onychomycosis, and proposal of a diagnostic algorithm

Traditionally, the gold standard for diagnosis of onychomycosis has been the combination of direct microscopy with potassium hydroxide (KOH) staining and fungal culture. However, several studies have suggested that periodic‐acid–Schiff (PAS) staining of nail‐plate clippings may be a very sensitive method for the diagnosis of onychomycosis.

Preauricular eczema: a sign of cellular phone dermatitis

swelling, tingling, dysaesthesia, desquamation or bullae over pressure points. The plantar lesions of TKI-associated HFS are clinically unique in that instead of being diffuse, they tend to be well-demarcated, localized over pressure areas and have yellow painful hyperkeratosis surrounded by a rim of erythema. On the hands, the lesions of TKI-induced HFS are also well-demarcated and commonly form bullae that erode and heal rather quickly. Histological examination of both classic HFS and TKI-associated HFS shows necrotic keratinocytes, vascular ectasia and a mild lymphocytic dermal infiltrate. Specific histological findings of classic HFS include basal vacuolar degeneration, and specific changes reported in TKI-induced lesions are endothelial swelling, vascular fibrinoid necrosis and epidermal acanthosis. In summary, TKI-associated HFS is a new clinical condition that appears to be different from classic chemotherapy-induced HFS.

Human papillomavirus in breast carcinomas of Korean women.

CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2008 AbstractsnnAbstract #3086 nnIntroduction The association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer is well documented. However, it remains unclear whether there is also a correlation between HPV infection and human breast cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the status of HPV-DNA in breast carcinoma of Korean women and to examine the possible association between HPV and breast cancer development. Patients and Methods We examined the HPV-DNA of 154 patients including 123 cases of breast carcinoma, 31 cases of intraductal papilloma, and 27 cases of adequate nipple from cancer patients using DNA-chip method. Results The HPV-DNA was detected in 8 breast carcinomas (6.5%), but in none of the intraductal papillomas. All detected HPV was high-risk groups; the HPV-18 and HPV-70 were found in each two cases and each one cases HPV-16, 31, 56/58 and 59. In one case of nipple, both low-risk (HPV-62) and high-risk (HPV-18) group HPV-DNA was obtained. The papillary carcinomas and the invasive ductal carcinomas with adjacent intraductal papillomas showed slightly increased incidence (11% vs. 3-4%), however, there was no significant difference. No correlation between the presence of HPV-DNA and specific prognostic predictors for the disease outcome was observed. Conclusions Our results suggest that the presence of high-risk group HPV in the breast might be related to breast carcinogenesis, especially papillary phenotype. Further studies are warranted.nnCitation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 3086.