Yashpal Singh

Frequency and Temperature Dependence of Dielectric Properties of Pure Poly Vinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Thin Films

In this work we have evaluated the dielectric properties of Poly Vinylidene fluoride (PVDF) thin films of thickness (≈20 μm) as a function of temperature from 40–70° C and frequency varying from 500 Hz to 100 kHz respectively for Al‐Al and Cu‐Cu electrode configuration. The dielectric constant values increases with the increase in temperature. A broad peak is found at around (70±5)° C. The maximum value of dielectric constant and dielectric losses were attributed to the phase transition of the polymer. The variation in dielectric constant and loss tangent suggest the net effect of some internal field within the polymer along with the external A.C. field.

Efficient Density Based Outlier Handling Technique in Data Mining

Local Outlier Factor (LOF) is an important and well known density based outlier handling algorithm, which quantifies, how much, an object is outlying, in a given database. In this paper, first we discuss LOF and its variants (LOF’ and LOF”) and then we propose an efficient density based outlier handling algorithm, which is inspired by LOF and LOF’. This algorithm not only focuses on the density-based notion to discover local outliers but also reduces the number of passes to scan the complete database. This method calculates the MinPts-dist variance for every object. If MinPts-dist variance of an object is greater than a specified threshold value than that object is considered as an outlier. The experimental results show that the proposed outlier handling algorithm detects outliers more effectively.

A new tree based double covered broadcast protocol for VANET

In vehicular ad hoc networks, many applications require a less delay and high packet delivery ratio. Many broadcast protocols have been widely discussed recently in this context. However, in some of them The selection procedure of the forwarding nodes is lengthy, and selects a large number of forwarding nodes and also the Large packet size, because of which traffic increases which leads to congestion and the problem of less delivery of packets. In order to decrease the forwarding nodes to a lesser amount and to increase packet delivery ratio we propose a mechanism which is based on tree approach rather that graphical approach. The Mechanism uses fixed length packets and guarantees that each node is either a forwarding node or covered by at least two forwarding nodes (not including the children nodes of this node). We also uses the basic shortest path tree technique to build a spanning tree with source node as the root among all network nodes and let the parent nodes do the forwarding and the non-parent nodes not. This mechanism achieves a low number of parent nodes, high packet delivery ratio, low control overhead, and short path lengths. We evaluate the proposed mechanism using both theoretical analysis and computer simulations.

Role of neomycin polymyxin sulfate solution bladder wash for prevention of catheter associated urinary tract infection in traumatic brain injury patient admitted to Intensive Care Unit: A prospective randomized study

Background: Catheter - associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) remains a critical threat for patients in intensive care unit especially in traumatic brain injury patients with low Glasgow coma score (GCS). Almost all patients in ICU receive antibiotic either prophylactic or therapeutic based on local antibiogram of particular ICU or hospital. For prophylaxis, systemic antibiotics are used. It will be helpful to avoid systemic side effects by introducing antibiotics locally through bladder irrigation. The indwelling urinary catheter is an essential part of modern medical care. Aims and Objectives: The primary objective was to study the effect of Neomycin and Polymyxin sulphate solution for bladder wash on CAUTI in traumatic brain injury patients. The secondary objectives was to study the various organisms causing CAUTI and their antibiotic sensitivity and resistance pattern. Materials and Methods: This was a prospective randomized controlled study performed on 100 patients who met the inclusion criteria at the trauma intensive care unit of Banaras Hindu University between September and February 2016. The patients were randomized into two groups – one was the study group which received Neomycin and Polymyxin Sulphate solution bladder wash, while the other was the control group that received Normal saline bladder wash. Urine samples were collected at certain days and sent for culture and sensitivity. Results: There was significant reduction in the incidence of CAUTI in neomycin/polymyxin test group in comparison to normal saline irrigated control group.Out of 50 patients in test group 8 patients and in control group 26 patients was identified as CAUTI positive and they were statistically significant. In our study pseudomonas aeruginosa (51%) was the commonest isolated pathogen. Conclusions: Neomycin and Polymyxin Sulphate bladder wash was effective in preventing CAUTI. It can thus decrease the antibiotic usage thereby preventing the emergence of antibiotic resistance.

Estimation of Reliability and Scalability in Ad-Hoc Multicast Routing Protocol for Sender Network

Mobile ad hoc network (MANETs) is a collection of nodes that exchange data over wireless paths. The nodes in this network are free to move at any time, therefore network topology changes in unpredictable way. Since there is no fixed infrastructure support in MANETs, each node functions as a host and a router. Designing a reliable and scalable routing protocol for MANETs is a challenging task due to mobility and the continuous change in the topology. In this paper the reliability and scalability of Network Sender Multicast Routing Protocol (NSMRP) is studied by finding the effect of increasing the number of groups under different mobility scenarios on the data packet delivery ratio and the control packet overhead. The simulation results show that when the number of groups increases the data packet delivery ratio improves while the control packet overhead continues to decrease.

Analysis of Attack on RSA through Formal Verification Methods

By considering the old results if the private exponent d used in RSA cryptosystem is less than n^0.292 than the system is insecure. So the problem is that we need to consider a very big prime numbers in order to make our system secure. Our approach will help to increase the range of private exponent d up to n^0.5. This will help the individual to have bigger ranges regarding the prime numbers, so that the system remains secure to a greater extent.

An Approach towards Secure and Multihop Time Synchronization in Wireless Sensor Network

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have been identified as being useful in a variety of domains such as environment monitoring, target tracking, etc. Time synchronization is an important component of sensor networks to provide a common clock time in sensor nodes. Time synchronization protocols provide a mechanism for synchronizing the local clocks of the nodes in a sensor network. Some of the sensor nodes may be malicious, which can disrupt the normal operation of a sensor network. In this paper, we find out malicious nodes out of existing nodes and propose multi-hop time synchronization based secure protocol for a group of non-malicious nodes.

Genetic Algorithm Based Optimization of Threshold Parameters in Fingerprint Quality Estimation

In addition to face, fingerprint is one of the most effective biometric features to be used personal authentication for biometric recognition. To make automatic fingerprint recognition system (AFIS) efficient, it is important to have information on the quality and validity of the captured fingerprint images so that it can work independently in a reliable manner. For quality estimation of each fingerprint, feature vector is generated with the help of optimized threshold model in most of the techniques. In order to avoid the local maximization of objective function, we used Genetic algorithm (GA) based approach. However, GA solution is normally used for the solution of string-vector format. Contrary to this fact, we have used GA approach for the solution of value vector format. This algorithm for optimization can be extended to other application whenever there is need of deciding the optimal threshold in situation similar to described above. The new random-variance operator has played crucial role in handling the population evolution in the optimization problem having solution in valued-vector format. Further, new kind of objective function is introduced to include all four classes of quality in objective function. The result shows the usefulness of this approach for optimization problem.