Yashvir Singh

Tribological characteristics of Mongongo-oil–based biodiesel blended lubricant

ABSTRACT Around the globe there is demand for the development of a bio-based lubricant which is biodegradable, nontoxic, and environmentally friendly. This paper outlines the friction and wear characteristics of Mongongo biodiesel contaminated bio-lubricant by using pin-on-disc tribometer. To formulate the bio-lubricants, Mongongo-oil (MO)–based biodiesel was blended in the ratios 5%, 8%, and 12% by volume with the base lubricant SAE 20W 40. Tribological characteristics of these blends were carried out at 3.8 m/s sliding velocity, and loads applied were 50, 100, 150 N. Experimental results showed that the lubrication regime that occurred during the test was boundary lubrication, while the main wear mechanism was the adhesive wear. During testing, the lowest wear was found with the addition of 5% and 8% MO-based biodiesel, and above this contamination, the wear rate was increased considerably. The addition of 5% (MO 5) and 8% (MO 8) MO-based biodiesel with the base lubricant acted as a very good lubricant additive which reduced the friction and wear rate during the test. It has been concluded that the MO 5 and MO 8 can act as an alternative lubricant to increase the mechanical efficiency at 3.8 m/s sliding velocity and contribute in reduction of dependence on the petroleum-based products.

Tribological behavior of pongamia oil as a lubricant additive

ABSTRACT This study assesses the friction and wear characteristics of a pongamia oil-contaminated bio-lubricant by using a pin-on-disc tribometer. To formulate the bio-lubricants, pongamia oil was blended in the ratios of 15, 30, and 50% by volume with the base lubricant SAE 20 W 40. Tribological characteristics of these blends were obtained at 1.3 and 2.5 m/s sliding velocity and the load was 150 N. Experimental results showed that the lubrication regime that occurred during the test was boundary lubrication while the main wear mechanisms were abrasive and the adhesive wear. During testing, the lowest wear was found with the addition of 15% pongamia oil, and above this contamination, the wear rate was increased considerably. With an increase in load, the viscosity of all the bio-lubricants increases and meets the International Standard Organization (ISO) VG 100 requirement at 40°C except PB 50. The addition of pongamia oil in the base lubricant acted as a very good lubricant additive which reduced the friction and wear scar diameter during the test. It has been concluded that the PB 15 can act as an alternative lubricant to increase the mechanical efficiency and contribute to reduction of dependence on the petroleum-based products.

Tribological characterization of Pongamia pinnata oil blended bio-lubricant

We, the Editor and Publishers of Biofuels have retracted the following article: Yashvir Singh, Amneesh Singla, Anshul Kumar Singh & Avani Kumar Upadhyay (2018) Tribological characterization of Pongamia pinnata oil blended bio-lubricant, Biofuels, 9:4, 523-530, DOI: 10.1080/17597269.2017.1292017 This article has been retracted due to image duplication and manipulation. An investigation was conducted, and “worn surface image” panels in Figure 7 were found to be published in two other articles. What the images are said to represent varies by article and the authors have not been able to provide the original images. Thus, the conclusions of the present article cannot be verified. The two other articles include: Yashvir Singh, Rajnish Garg & Ajay Kumar (2016) Tribological behavior of pongamia oil as a lubricant additive, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 38:16, 2406-2412, DOI: 10.1080/15567036.2015.1089341 (the entirety of Figure 6 is identical to Figure 7 of this retracted article) Yashvir Singh, Rajnish Garg & Suresh Kumar (2017) Effect of load on friction and wear characteristics of Jatropha oil bio-lubricants, Biofuels, 8:1, 125-133, DOI: 10.1080/17597269.2016.1215065 (Figure 8(a) 150 N and 8(d) 150 N are the same, after resizing (stretching), as Figure 7(c) and 7(d) of this retracted article, respectively) The authors do not agree with the retraction. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as “Retracted”.

Tribological behavior of pongamia oil-based biodiesel blended lubricant at different loads

ABSTRACT Around the globe there is a demand for the development of bio-based lubricants that are biodegradable, non-toxic, and environmentally friendly. This paper outlines the friction and wear characteristics of pongamia biodiesel contaminated bio-lubricant using a pin-on-disc tribometer. To formulate the bio-lubricants, pongamia oil-based biodiesel was blended in ratios of 5, 10, and 20% by volume with the base lubricant SAE 20W40. The tribological characteristics of these blends were carried out at 2.5 m/s sliding velocity and the loads applied were 50, 100, and 150 N. Experimental results showed that the lubrication regime present during the test was boundary lubrication, while the main wear mechanism was adhesive wear. During testing, the least wear was found with the addition of 5 and 10% pongamia oil-based biodiesel, and above this level of contamination the wear rate increased considerably. The addition of 5 and 10% pongamia oil-based biodiesel with the base lubricant represents a very good lubricant additive which reduced the friction and wear rate during the test. It has been concluded that both PBO 5 and PBO 10 can act as an alternative lubricant to increase mechanical efficiency at 2.5 m/s sliding velocity and contribute to the reduction of dependence on petroleum-based products.

Sustainability of Moringa-oil–based biodiesel blended lubricant

ABSTRACT Around the globe there is a demand for the development of bio-based lubricant which will be biodegradable, nontoxic, and environmentally friendly. This article outlines the friction and wear characteristics of Moringa based oil-contaminated bio-lubricant by using pin-on-disc tribometer. To formulate the bio-lubricants, Moringa-oil-based biodiesel was blended in the ratios 5, 8, and 12% by volume with the base lubricant SAE 20W40. Tribological characteristics of these blends were carried out at 3.8 m/s sliding velocity and loads applied were 50, 100, and 150 N. Experimental results showed that the lubrication regime that occurred during the test was boundary lubrication while the main wear mechanism was the adhesive wear. During testing, the lowest wear was found with the addition of 5 and 8% Moringa-oil-based biodiesel, and above this contamination, the wear rate increased considerably. The addition of 5 and 8% Moringa-oil-based biodiesel with the base lubricant acted as a very good lubricant additive which reduced the friction and wear rate during the test. It has been concluded that MO 5 and MO 8 can act as alternative lubricants to increase the mechanical efficiency at 3.8 m/s sliding velocity and contribute to reduction of dependence on the petroleum-based products.

Effect of load on friction and wear characteristics of Jatropha oil bio-lubricants

We, the Editor and Publishers of Biofuels have retracted the following article: Yashvir Singh, Rajnish Garg & Suresh Kumar (2017) Effect of load on friction and wear characteristics of Jatropha oil bio-lubricants, Biofuels, 8:1, 125-133, DOI: 10.1080/17597269.2016.1215065 This article has been retracted due to image duplication and manipulation. An investigation was conducted, and “worn surface image” panels in Figure 8 were found to be published in two other articles. What the images are said to represent varies by article and the authors have not been able to provide the original images. Thus, the conclusions of the present article cannot be verified. The two other articles containing “worn surface image” panels from Figure 8 include: Yashvir Singh, Amneesh Singla, Anshul Kumar Singh & Avani Kumar Upadhyay (2018) Tribological characterization of Pongamia pinnata oil blended bio-lubricant, Biofuels, 9:4, 523-530, DOI: 10.1080/17597269.2017.1292017 (see Figure 6(c) and 6(d), which are resized (stretched) versions of Figure 8(a) 150 N and 8(d) 150 N, respectively) Yashvir Singh, Rajnish Garg & Ajay Kumar (2016) Tribological behavior of pongamia oil as a lubricant additive, Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, 38:16, 2406-2412, DOI: 10.1080/15567036.2015.1089341 (see Figure 7(c) and 7(d), which are identical to those in reference 1, above, and correspond with the retracted articles images in the same way) The authors do not agree with the retraction. We have been informed in our decision-making by our policy on publishing ethics and integrity and the COPE guidelines on retractions. The retracted article will remain online to maintain the scholarly record, but it will be digitally watermarked on each page as “Retracted”.

Friction and wear characteristics of jatropha oil-based biodiesel blended lubricant at different loads

ABSTRACT Around the globe there is demand for the development of bio-based lubricants, which will be biodegradable, nontoxic, and environmental friendly. This paper outlines the friction and wear characteristics of jatropha biodiesel-contaminated bio-lubricant using a pin-on-disc tribometer. To formulate the bio-lubricants, jatropha oil-based biodiesels were blended at the ratios 4, 12, and 20% by volume with the base lubricant SAE 20 W 40. Tribological characteristics of these blends were carried out at 3.8 m/s sliding velocity and loads applied were 50, 100, and 160 N. Experimental results showed that the lubrication regime that occurred during the test was boundary lubrication while the main wear mechanism was adhesive wear. During testing, the lowest wear was found with the addition of 4 and 12% jatropha oil-based biodiesel, and above this contamination, the wear rate was increased considerably. The addition of 4 and 12% jatropha oil-based biodiesel with the base lubricant acted as a very good lubricant additive, which reduced the friction and wear rate diameter during the test. It has been concluded that JBO 4 and JBO 12 can act as an alternative lubricant to increase the mechanical efficiency at 3.8 m/s sliding velocity and contribute to reducing the dependence on petroleum-based products.

Statistical Analysis of Process Parameters in Drilling of Al/Al2O3p Metal Matrix Composites

Abstract This paper presents a statistical analysis of process parameters for surface roughness in drilling of Al/Al2O3p metal matrix composite. The experimental studies were conducted under varying spindle speed, feed rate, point angle of drill. The settings of drilling parameters were determined by using Taguchi experimental design method. The level of importance of the drilling parameters is determined by using analysis of variance. The optimum drilling parameter combination was obtained by using the analysis of signal-to-noise ratio. Through statistical analysis of response variables and signal-to-noise ratios, the determined significant factors are depth of cut and drill point angle with the contributions of 87% and 12% respectively, whereas the cutting speed is insignificant contributing by 1% only. Confirmation tests verified that the selected optimal combination of process parameter through Taguchi design was able to achieve desired surface roughness.

Development and tribological characteristics of bio-based lubricant from Jatropha curcas oil

ABSTRACT This paper outlines the tribological characteristics of Jatropha oil (JO)-contaminated bio-lubricant by using a pin-on-disc tribometer. To formulate the bio-lubricants, JO was blended at the ratios 15, 30, and 50% by volume with the base lubricant SAE 20 W 40. The tribological characteristics of these blends were carried out at 3.8 m/s sliding velocity and 50, 100, and 150 N load were applied. Experimental results showed that the lubrication regime that occurred during the test was boundary lubrication whereas the main wear mechanisms were abrasive and adhesive wear. During testing, the lowest wear was found with the addition of 15% JO, and above this contamination, the wear rate was increased considerably. With increase in load, viscosity of all the bio-lubricants increases and meets the ISO VG 100 requirement at 40°C except for JB 50. The addition of JO in the base lubricant acted as a very good lubricant additive, which reduced the friction and wear scar diameter during the test. It has been concluded that JB 15 can act as an alternative lubricant to increase the mechanical efficiency at 3.8 m/s sliding velocity and contribute in reducing the dependence on petroleum-based products.

Comparative tribological investigation on EN31 with pongamia and jatropha as lubricant additives

ABSTRACT The friction and wear experiments on EN31 are carried out with blends of pongamia (Pongamia pinnata) and jatropha (Jatropha curcas) with mineral oil and also conventional petroleum oil using a pin-on-disc tribometer at various loads and sliding distances. A significant drop is observed with 15% addition of pongamia and jatropha in comparison to mineral oil, for the complete tested sliding distances and loads, leading to the potential use of vegetable oil in tribological applications. To understand the lubrication regimes, a Stribeck curve is also drawn. Both pongamia and jatropha having 15% addition showed a reduction in the boundary lubrication regimes, contributing to a former start of full film lubrication.